看起来a, b, c
是常数,z
是np.linspace
介于a
, 和之间c
。
您可以使用布尔索引、SciPy 食谱/索引
a = 1
b = 2
c = 3
def triangle (z, a = a, b = b, c = c):
y = np.zeros(z.shape)
y[z <= a] = 0
y[z >= c] = 0
first_half = np.logical_and(a < z, z <= b)
y[first_half] = (z[first_half]-a) / (b-a)
second_half = np.logical_and(b < z, z < c)
y[second_half] = (c-z[second_half]) / (c-b)
return y
z = np.linspace(a, c, num = 51)
y = triangle(z, a, b, c)
q = np.vstack((z, y)) # shape = (2, 50) ... [[z, z, z, ...], [y, y, y, ...]]
q = q.T # shape = (50, 2) ... [[z, y], [z, y], ....]
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当您在比较表达式中使用 numpy ndarray 时,结果是一个布尔数组:
>>> q = np.linspace(0, 20, num = 50)
>>> print(q)
[ 0. 0.40816327 0.81632653 1.2244898 1.63265306
2.04081633 2.44897959 2.85714286 3.26530612 3.67346939
4.08163265 4.48979592 4.89795918 5.30612245 5.71428571
6.12244898 6.53061224 6.93877551 7.34693878 7.75510204
8.16326531 8.57142857 8.97959184 9.3877551 9.79591837
10.20408163 10.6122449 11.02040816 11.42857143 11.83673469
12.24489796 12.65306122 13.06122449 13.46938776 13.87755102
14.28571429 14.69387755 15.10204082 15.51020408 15.91836735
16.32653061 16.73469388 17.14285714 17.55102041 17.95918367
18.36734694 18.7755102 19.18367347 19.59183673 20. ]
>>> print(q < 5)
[ True True True True True True True True True True True True
True False False False False False False False False False False False
False False False False False False False False False False False False
False False False False False False False False False False False False
False False]
>>> print(q > 15)
[False False False False False False False False False False False False
False False False False False False False False False False False False
False False False False False False False False False False False False
False True True True True True True True True True True True
True True]
>>> print(np.logical_and(q > 5, q < 15))
[False False False False False False False False False False False False
False True True True True True True True True True True True
True True True True True True True True True True True True
True False False False False False False False False False False False
False False]
>>>
您可以使用布尔数组来选择满足您条件的数组部分:
>>> q[np.logical_and(q > 7, q < 11)]
array([ 7.34693878, 7.75510204, 8.16326531, 8.57142857,
8.97959184, 9.3877551 , 9.79591837, 10.20408163, 10.6122449 ])
>>>
当您在赋值语句中使用布尔索引时,右侧仅分配给比较为 的索引True
:
>>> q[np.logical_and(q > 7, q < 11)] = -1
>>> print(q)
[ 0. 0.40816327 0.81632653 1.2244898 1.63265306
2.04081633 2.44897959 2.85714286 3.26530612 3.67346939
4.08163265 4.48979592 4.89795918 5.30612245 5.71428571
6.12244898 6.53061224 6.93877551 -1. -1. -1. -1.
-1. -1. -1. -1. -1. 11.02040816
11.42857143 11.83673469 12.24489796 12.65306122 13.06122449
13.46938776 13.87755102 14.28571429 14.69387755 15.10204082
15.51020408 15.91836735 16.32653061 16.73469388 17.14285714
17.55102041 17.95918367 18.36734694 18.7755102 19.18367347
19.59183673 20. ]
>>>