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我最近制作了一个包含多个组件和服务的 ng2（使用 2.0.1）应用程序。我正在测试（Karma Jasmine）我的HeaderComponent，其中包含我的UserService（它使用扩展的 Http 类）。

我已经从Angular.io Docs复制了简单的测试来监视服务并等待组件初始化后检查服务功能是否已被触发及其内容。每次我使用 fakeAsync（和异步）运行最后一个测试时，它检查 header.component 中 currentUser 变量的内容，我收到以下错误...

 Error: Uncaught (in promise): Error: Template parse errors:
    'header-section' is not a known element:
    1. If 'header-section' is an Angular component, then verify that it is part of this module.
    2. If 'header-section' is a Web Component then add "CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA" to the '@NgModule.schemas' of this component to suppress this message. ("
      [ERROR ->]<header-section></header-section>
      <router-outlet></router-outlet>
      <footer-section></footer-sectio"): AppComponent@1:2
    'router-outlet' is not a known element:
    1. If 'router-outlet' is an Angular component, then verify that it is part of this module.
    2. If 'router-outlet' is a Web Component then add "CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA" to the '@NgModule.schemas' of this component to suppress this message. ("
      <header-section></header-section>
      [ERROR ->]<router-outlet></router-outlet>
      <footer-section></footer-section>"): AppComponent@2:2
    'footer-section' is not a known element:
    1. If 'footer-section' is an Angular component, then verify that it is part of this module.
    2. If 'footer-section' is a Web Component then add "CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA" to the '@NgModule.schemas' of this component to suppress this message. ("
      <header-section></header-section>
      <router-outlet></router-outlet>
      [ERROR ->]<footer-section></footer-section>"): AppComponent@3:2

这些选择器来自我的AppComponent ...

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'my-app',
  moduleId: module.id,
  template: `
  <header-section></header-section>
  <router-outlet></router-outlet>
  <footer-section></footer-section>`
})

export class AppComponent {

  constructor() {}

  test(): string {
    return 'this is a test';
  }
}

我的header.component.spec ...

import { Http, Request, RequestOptionsArgs, Response, XHRBackend, RequestOptions, ConnectionBackend, Headers } from '@angular/http';
import { HttpIntercept } from '../../services/auth/auth.service';


import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { HttpModule, JsonpModule } from '@angular/http';
import { FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';

import { RouterTestingModule } from "@angular/router/testing";
import { appRoutes } from '../../routes';

import { Cookie } from 'ng2-cookies/ng2-cookies';

import { AppComponent } from '../app/app.component';
import { HeaderComponent } from './header.component';
import { FooterComponent } from '../footer/footer.component';
import { HomeComponent }        from '../home/home.component';
import { Four0FourComponent }   from '../404/four0four.component';
import { UserProfileComponent }   from '../user-profile/user-profile.component';

import { UserService } from '../../services/user/user.service';
import { ClockService } from '../../services/clock/clock.service';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';

import { TestBed, async, fakeAsync, tick } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { By } from '@angular/platform-browser';

import { User } from '../../models/user/user.model';

class MockRouter { public navigate() { }; }

describe('HeaderComponent Test', () => {
  let fixture;
  let comp;
  let userService;
  let spy;

  let user = new User({
    _id: 123456,
    userName: 'testName',
    firstName: 'testFirst',
    lastName: 'testLast',
    email: 'test@email.com',
    create: 'now',
    role: 'user'
  });

  beforeEach(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      imports: [
        BrowserModule,
        HttpModule,
        FormsModule,
        JsonpModule,
        RouterTestingModule.withRoutes(appRoutes)
      ],
      declarations: [
        HomeComponent,
        UserProfileComponent,
        Four0FourComponent,
        FooterComponent,
        HeaderComponent,
        AppComponent
      ],
      providers: [
        {
          provide: Http,
          useFactory: (
            backend: XHRBackend,
            defaultOptions: RequestOptions) =>
            new HttpIntercept(backend, defaultOptions),
          deps: [XHRBackend, RequestOptions]
        },
        Cookie
      ]
    });

    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(HeaderComponent);
    comp = fixture.componentInstance;

    userService = fixture.debugElement.injector.get(UserService);

    spy = spyOn(userService, 'getMe')
      .and.returnValue(Observable.of(user));

  });

  it('should instantiate component', () => {
    expect(fixture.componentInstance instanceof HeaderComponent).toBe(true);
  });

  it('should not show currentUser before OnInit', () => {
    expect(spy.calls.any()).toBe(false, 'getMe not yet called');
  });

  it('should still not show currentUser after component initialized', () => {
    // Set cookie token, for the getMe to call
    Cookie.set('token', 'test_token_alpha');

    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(spy.calls.any()).toBe(true, 'getMe called');
  });

  //The problem test is bellow
  it('should show currentUser after getMe promise', fakeAsync(() => {  
    fixture.detectChanges();
    tick();
    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(comp.currentUser).toEqual(user);
  }));
});

这是我的header.component ...

import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { Cookie }    from 'ng2-cookies/ng2-cookies';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
import 'rxjs/add/observable/interval';

import { UserService }  from '../../services/user/user.service';
import { ClockService } from '../../services/clock/clock.service';

import { User } from '../../models/user/user.model';

@Component({
  selector: 'header-section',
  providers: [
    UserService,
    ClockService
  ],
  moduleId: module.id,
  template: `
  <style>
    header{
      background: rgb(55, 129, 215);
      position: relative;
    }
    .user-sign{
      position: absolute;
      top:0;
      right:0;
      margin: 23px 5%;
    }
    .app-title{
      font-family: cursive;
      padding: 15px;
      text-align: center;
      font-size: 36px;
      color: white;
    }
    .user-sign button:hover{
      cursor: pointer;
    }
    .active{
      color: orange;
    }
  </style>
  <header>
    <a routerLink='/' routerLinkActive='active'>Home</a>
    <a routerLink='/profile' routerLinkActive='active'>Profile</a>
    <a routerLink='/yoloswaq69420blazeitfgt' routerLinkActive='active'>404</a>
    <div class='user-sign'>
      <h3 *ngIf='currentUser'>Welcome, {{currentUser.userName}}</h3>
      <button *ngIf='!currentUser' type='button' (click)='testRegisterUser()'>Sign up</button>
      <button *ngIf='!currentUser' type='button' (click)='testUser()'>Sign in</button>
      <button type='button' (click)='logout()'>Sign out</button>
    </div>
    <h1 class='app-title'>MEA2N Fullstack</h1>
  </header>`
})

export class HeaderComponent {
  errorMessage: string;
  public currentUser: User;
  clock = this.clockService.currentTime;

  constructor(private userService: UserService, private clockService: ClockService) { }

  ngOnInit() {
    let token = Cookie.get('token');
    if (token)
      this.userService.getMe().subscribe(user => this.currentUser = user);
  }

  login(email: string, password: string) {
    this.userService.login(email, password)
      .subscribe(() => {
        return this.userService.getMe()
          .subscribe(user => {
            this.currentUser = user;
          })
      });
  }

  logout() {
    this.userService.logout();
    this.currentUser = null;
  }

  registerUser(username: string, email: string, password: string) {
    this.userService.signup(username, email, password)
      .subscribe(() => {
        return this.userService.getMe()
          .subscribe(user => {
            this.currentUser = user;
          })
      });
  }

  testUser() {
    this.login('jc.thomas4214@gmail.com', 'flight1855');
  }

  testRegisterUser() {
    this.registerUser('Jason', 'jc.thomas4214@gmail.com', 'flight1855');
  }
}

我怀疑发生此错误是因为我如何初始化我的 TestBed.configureTestingModule()。

我试过了...

  1. 重新排序 app.module 和 TestBed 模块声明
  2. 向两个模块添加架构：[CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA]
4

1 回答 1

2

由于您在这种情况下对 Header 组件进行单元测试，因此无需包含其他模块和组件

TestBed 可能如下所示： 

beforeEach(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
        imports: [
            AppModule
        ],
        providers: [
            {provide: UserService, useClass: MockUserService},
            {provide: ClockService, useClass: MockClockService}
        ]
    });
    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(HeaderComponent);
});

在此示例中，服务已被模拟，但也可以像您为 UserService 所做的那样被监视

于 2016-10-08T20:28:02.810 回答