2

我已经开始学习 DirectX12，并尝试制作某种简单的引擎。我遵循 Frank D. Luna 的“DirectX12 3D 编程简介”，但遇到了一些问题。首先在创建swapChain时，填写如下描述：

DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC swapChainDesc;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.Width = Core::displayWidth;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.Height = Core::displayHeight;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 60;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.Format = Core::pixelDefinitionFormat;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.ScanlineOrdering = DXGI_MODE_SCANLINE_ORDER_UNSPECIFIED;
swapChainDesc.BufferDesc.Scaling = DXGI_MODE_SCALING_UNSPECIFIED;
swapChainDesc.SampleDesc.Count = Core::multiSamplingLevel ? 4 : 1;
swapChainDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = Core::multiSamplingEnabled ? (Core::multiSamplingLevel - 1) : 0;
swapChainDesc.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;
swapChainDesc.BufferCount = (INT) Core::buffering;
swapChainDesc.OutputWindow = Core::mainWindow;
swapChainDesc.Windowed = true;
swapChainDesc.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_FLIP_DISCARD;
swapChainDesc.Flags = DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_FLAG_ALLOW_MODE_SWITCH;

// Note: Swap chain uses queue to perform flush.
ThrowIfFailed(Core::factory->CreateSwapChain(
    Core::commandQueue.Get(),
    &swapChainDesc,
    Core::swapChain.GetAddressOf()
));

我收到“错误参数”错误。我已经在 MSDN 上找到了解决方案，但我想知道我做错了什么。

第二个问题是为什么我有：

D3D12 ERROR: ID3D12GraphicsCommandList::*: A single command list cannot write to multiple buffers within a particular swapchain. [ STATE_SETTING ERROR #904: COMMAND_LIST_MULTIPLE_SWAPCHAIN_BUFFER_REFERENCES]

在执行此清除屏幕代码片段期间：

void Renderer::drawSomething() {

// Reuse the memory associated with command recording.
// We can only reset when the associated command lists have finished
// execution on the GPU.
ThrowIfFailed(Core::commandAllocator->Reset());

// A command list can be reset after it has been added to the 
// command queue via ExecuteCommandList. Reusing the command list reuses memory.
ThrowIfFailed(Core::commandList->Reset(Core::commandAllocator.Get(), NULL));

// Set the viewport and scissor rect. This needs to be reset 
// whenever the command list is reset.
Core::commandList->RSSetViewports(1, &Core::viewport);
Core::commandList->RSSetScissorRects(1, &Core::scissorsRectangle);

// Indicate a state transition on the resource usage.
Core::commandList->ResourceBarrier(
    1,
    &CD3DX12_RESOURCE_BARRIER::Transition(
        Core::getCurrentBackBuffer().Get(),
        D3D12_RESOURCE_STATES::D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_PRESENT,
        D3D12_RESOURCE_STATES::D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_RENDER_TARGET
    )
);



// Specify the buffers we are going to render to.
Core::commandList->OMSetRenderTargets(
    1,
    &Core::getCurrentBackBufferView(),
    true,
    &Core::getDSVHeapStartDescriptorHandle()
);

// Clear the back buffer and depth buffer.
Core::commandList->ClearRenderTargetView(
    Core::getCurrentBackBufferView(),
    DirectX::Colors::LightSteelBlue,
    0,
    NULL
);

Core::commandList->ClearDepthStencilView(
    Core::getDSVHeapStartDescriptorHandle(),
    D3D12_CLEAR_FLAGS::D3D12_CLEAR_FLAG_DEPTH | D3D12_CLEAR_FLAGS::D3D12_CLEAR_FLAG_STENCIL,
    1.0f,
    0,
    0,
    NULL
);


//// Indicate a state transition on the resource usage.
Core::commandList->ResourceBarrier(
    1,
    &CD3DX12_RESOURCE_BARRIER::Transition(
        Core::getCurrentBackBuffer().Get(),
        D3D12_RESOURCE_STATES::D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_RENDER_TARGET,
        D3D12_RESOURCE_STATES::D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_PRESENT
    )
);

// Done recording commands.
ThrowIfFailed(Core::commandList->Close());

// Add the command list to the queue for execution.
ID3D12CommandList* cmdsLists[] = {Core::commandList.Get()};
Core::commandQueue->ExecuteCommandLists(_countof(cmdsLists), cmdsLists);

// swap the back and front buffers
ThrowIfFailed(Core::swapChain->Present(0, 0));
UINT buffering = Core::buffering;
Core::currentBackBuffer = (Core::currentBackBuffer + 1) % buffering;
Core::flushCommandQueue();
}

为了不把这篇文章弄得一团糟，我不会把所有的代码都放在这里，但是如果你想看看它是什么样子的，或者在这种情况下它很重要，我的整个存储库都在这里： repository

它很小很简单，几乎所有的代码都放在 Core 类中。

先感谢您！

编辑： 我找到了第二个问题的解决方案。问题出在这个循环中：

void Core::createSwapChainBuffersIntoRTVHeap() {
for (UINT i = 0; i < Core::buffering; i++) {
    CD3DX12_CPU_DESCRIPTOR_HANDLE rtvHeapHandle(rtvDescriptorHeap->GetCPUDescriptorHandleForHeapStart());
    ErrorUtils::messageAndExitIfFailed(
        swapChain->GetBuffer(i, IID_PPV_ARGS(&swapChainBackBuffers[i])),
        L"B³¹d pobierania backBuffera!",
        GET_SWAPCHAIN_BACK_BUFFER_ERROR
    );

    device->CreateRenderTargetView(swapChainBackBuffers[i].Get(), NULL, rtvHeapHandle);
    //Zapamiêtuje offset, to jest sterta po prostu zwyk³a
    rtvHeapHandle.Offset(1, rtvDescriptorSize);
}

}

我只做了一个动作使这段代码看起来像这样：

void Core::createSwapChainBuffersIntoRTVHeap() {
CD3DX12_CPU_DESCRIPTOR_HANDLE rtvHeapHandle(rtvDescriptorHeap->GetCPUDescriptorHandleForHeapStart());
for (UINT i = 0; i < Core::buffering; i++) {
    ErrorUtils::messageAndExitIfFailed(
        swapChain->GetBuffer(i, IID_PPV_ARGS(&swapChainBackBuffers[i])),
        L"B³¹d pobierania backBuffera!",
        GET_SWAPCHAIN_BACK_BUFFER_ERROR
    );

    device->CreateRenderTargetView(swapChainBackBuffers[i].Get(), NULL, rtvHeapHandle);
    //Zapamiêtuje offset, to jest sterta po prostu zwyk³a
    rtvHeapHandle.Offset(1, rtvDescriptorSize);
}

}

在那之后。当 commandList 关闭正确时，我在 D3D12.dll 中有 AccessViolationException：

ThrowIfFailed(Core::swapChain->Present(0, 0));

经过几个小时的互联网研究，我通过使用“dxcpl.exe”在此应用程序上强制 WARP 来修复。我认为那是因为我在使用 HD4000 和 Nvidia 作为第二张卡的笔记本电脑上工作，但我不确定。

4

1 回答 1

0

这不会帮助您立即解决问题，但会为您提供更多信息。DirectX12 希望您将所有命令推送到命令列表中，并且只有在您调用它时才会报告错误Close()。请注意，您不能通过Close()重置它来“恢复”失败的命令列表，您可以做的最好的事情是删除它，然后创建一个新的命令列表。但是，在这种情况下，您可能不会更新引用的资源。真的不建议你这样做。

如果附加了调试器，您确实可以做的是使用ID3D12InfoQueue接口使您的程序因 D3D12 错误而中断。

从您的device：

ID3D12InfoQueue* InfoQueue = nullptr;
Core::device->QueryInterface(IID_PPV_ARGS(&InfoQueue));

启用“严重性中断”：

InfoQueue->SetBreakOnSeverity(D3D12_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_ERROR, true);
InfoQueue->SetBreakOnSeverity(D3D12_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_CORRUPTION, true);
InfoQueue->SetBreakOnSeverity(D3D12_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_WARNING, false);

放手吧：

InfoQueue->Release();

您还可以将 InfoQueue 设置为 D3D12 错误 ID 的白名单或黑名单集。您的错误 ID 是D3D12_MESSAGE_ID_COMMAND_LIST_MULTIPLE_SWAPCHAIN_BUFFER_REFERENCES（代码 904）。

希望这将有助于某人处理此图形 API。

于 2021-08-10T15:19:25.417 回答