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如何使用 karma 和 jasmine 在 Angular 2.0.0 版中对路由器进行单元测试?

这是我的旧单元测试在 2.0.0-beta.14 版本中的样子

import {
  it,
  inject,
  injectAsync,
  beforeEach,
  beforeEachProviders,
  TestComponentBuilder
} from 'angular2/testing';

import { RootRouter } from 'angular2/src/router/router';
import { Location, RouteParams, Router, RouteRegistry, ROUTER_PRIMARY_COMPONENT } from 'angular2/router';
import { SpyLocation } from 'angular2/src/mock/location_mock';
import { provide } from 'angular2/core';

import { App } from './app';

describe('Router', () => {

  let location, router;

  beforeEachProviders(() => [
    RouteRegistry,
    provide(Location, {useClass: SpyLocation}),
    provide(Router, {useClass: RootRouter}),
    provide(ROUTER_PRIMARY_COMPONENT, {useValue: App})
  ]);

  beforeEach(inject([Router, Location], (_router, _location) => {
    router = _router;
    location = _location;
  }));

  it('Should be able to navigate to Home', done => {
    router.navigate(['Home']).then(() => {
      expect(location.path()).toBe('');
      done();
    }).catch(e => done.fail(e));
  });

});

4

3 回答 3

87

为了测试,我们现在使用TestBed. 我们可以使用TestBed#configureTestingModule并将元数据对象传递给它,就像我们传递给它一样@NgModule

beforeEach(() => {
  TestBed.configureTestingModule({
    imports: [ /* modules to import */ ],
    providers: [ /* add providers */ ],
    declarations: [ /* components, directives, and pipes */ ]
  });
});

对于路由,RouterModule我们不使用普通的 ,而是使用RouterTestingModule. 这设置了Routerand Location,所以你不需要自己。您也可以通过调用将路由传递给它RouterTestingModule.withRoutes(Routes)

TestBed.configureTestingModule({
  imports: [
    RouterTestingModule.withRoutes([
      { path: 'home', component: DummyComponent }
    ])
  ]
})

要在测试中获得Locationand Router,同样的事情也有效,就像你的例子一样。

let router, location;

beforeEach(() => {
  TestBed...
});

beforeEach(inject([Router, Location], (_router: Router, _location: Location) => {
  router = _router;
  location = _location;
}));

您还可以根据需要注入每个测试

it('should go home',
    async(inject([Router, Location], (router: Router, location: Location) => {
})));

除了我们不需要显式async调用. 在所有异步任务完成后,Angular 实际上会为我们做这件事。donedone

获取提供者的另一种方法是从测试台获取。

let location, router;

beforeEach(() => {
  TestBed.configureTestingModule({
    imports: [RouterTestingModule.withRoutes([
      { path: 'home', component: DummyComponent }
    ])],
  });
  let injector = getTestBed();
  location = injector.get(Location);
  router = injector.get(Router);
});

这是一个完整的测试,重构你的例子

import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { Location } from '@angular/common';
import { Router } from '@angular/router';
import { RouterTestingModule } from '@angular/router/testing';
import { fakeAsync, async, inject, TestBed, getTestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { By } from '@angular/platform-browser';

@Component({
  template: `
    <router-outlet></router-outlet>
  `
})
class RoutingComponent { }

@Component({
  template: ''
})
class DummyComponent { }

describe('component: RoutingComponent', () => {
  let location, router;

  beforeEach(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      imports: [RouterTestingModule.withRoutes([
        { path: 'home', component: DummyComponent }
      ])],
      declarations: [RoutingComponent, DummyComponent]
    });
  });

  beforeEach(inject([Router, Location], (_router: Router, _location: Location) => {
    location = _location;
    router = _router;
  }));

  it('should go home', async(() => {
    let fixture = TestBed.createComponent(RoutingComponent);
    fixture.detectChanges();
    router.navigate(['/home']).then(() => {
      expect(location.path()).toBe('/home');
      console.log('after expect');
    });
  }));
});

更新

此外,如果你想简单地模拟路由器,这实际上可能是进行单元测试的更好方法,你可以简单地做

let routerStub;

beforeEach(() => {
  routerStub = {
    navigate: jasmine.createSpy('navigate'),
  };
  TestBed.configureTestingModule({
    providers: [ { provide: Router, useValue: routerStub } ],
  });
});

在您的测试中,您要做的就是测试当组件与其交互时,使用正确的参数调用存根

expect(routerStub.navigate).toHaveBeenCalledWith(['/route']);

除非你真的想测试一些路由,否则这可能是首选的方法。无需设置任何路由。在单元测试中,如果您使用的是真正的路由,那么您将涉及不必要的副作用,这些副作用可能会影响您真正尝试测试的内容,这只是组件的行为。而组件的行为就是简单的调用navigate方法。不需要测试路由器是否工作。Angular 已经保证了这一点。

于 2016-09-21T19:11:14.240 回答
0

您可以使用in而不是使用useValuefor ,它确实对我有用。routerStubuseClassproviders

export class RouterStub {
  public url: string = '/';
  constructor() { }
    enter code here
  navigateByUrl(url: any) {
    this.url = url;
  }
}

并在beforeEach刚刚实例化routerStub对象时

routerStub = new RouterStub()    

在测试用例中

component.router.navigateByUrl('/test');
fixture.detectChanges();
于 2018-01-18T10:01:59.407 回答
0

Paul建议的好方法 我也以相同的方式配置了我的路由,但另外我添加了服务来更新一些路由数据,然后检查当前位置。

因此您可以添加服务以更新组件上的数据,该组件呈现一些数据,然后检查导航。

在 TestBed.configureTestingModule 下面配置

providers : [MyService]

然后在 foreach 中创建获取服务

myService= TestBed.get(MyService);

从服务中更新一些数据,例如

myService.someMethodCall();

这样你就可以在一些数据渲染发生后播放。

于 2018-07-11T11:00:02.760 回答