2

在这段代码中,当我添加 2 本书并尝试删除第 1 本书和第 2 本书时,第 1 本书被删除而第 2 本书没有被删除。在下一种情况下,当我添加 3 本书并一一删除时,1 被删除,2 不被删除,当我删除 2 时,第 3 本书丢失。当我添加 4 本书时,2 和 4 未被删除。

我的代码(我是一名实习生,所以我是 C# 的初学者)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace LibraryManagement
{
    //Defining a class Book
    class Book
    {
        public int bookId;
        public string bookName;
        public int bookPrice;
        public int bookCount;
        public int x;
    }
    //Defining a class Borrow
    class BorrowDetails
    {
        public int userId;
        public string userName;
        public string userAddress;
        public int borrowBookId;
        public DateTime borrowDate;
        public int borrowCount;
    }

    class Program
    {
        static List<Book> bookList = new List<Book>();
        static List<BorrowDetails> borrowList = new List<BorrowDetails>();
        static Book book = new Book();
        static BorrowDetails borrow = new BorrowDetails();

        //Password verfication and Menu 
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.Write("Welcome !!!\nEnter your password :");
            string password = Console.ReadLine();

            if (password == "sync")
            {
                bool close = true;
                while (close)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("\nMenu\n" +
                    "1)Add book\n" +
                    "2)Delete book\n" +
                    "3)Search book\n" +
                    "4)Borrow book\n" +
                    "5)Return book\n" +
                    "6)Close\n\n");
                    Console.Write("Choose your option from menu :");

                    int option = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

                    if (option == 1)
                    {
                        GetBook();
                    }
                    else if (option == 2)
                    {
                        RemoveBook();
                    }
                    else if (option == 3)
                    {
                        SearchBook();
                    }
                    else if (option == 4)
                    {
                        Borrow();
                    }
                    else if (option == 5)
                    {
                        ReturnBook();
                    }
                    else if (option == 6)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("Thank you");
                        close = false;
                        break;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("Invalid option\nRetry !!!");
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Invalid password");
            }
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        //To add book details to the Library database
        public static void GetBook()
        {
            Book book = new Book();
            Console.WriteLine("Book Id:{0}", book.bookId = bookList.Count + 1);
            Console.Write("Book Name:");
            book.bookName = Console.ReadLine();
            Console.Write("Book Price:");
            book.bookPrice = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
            Console.Write("Number of Books:");
            book.x = book.bookCount = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
            bookList.Add(book);
        }

        //To delete book details from the Library database 
        public static void RemoveBook()
        {
            Book book = new Book();
            Console.Write("Enter Book id to be deleted : ");

            int Del = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

            if (bookList.Exists(x => x.bookId == Del))
            {
                bookList.RemoveAt(Del - 1);
                Console.WriteLine("Book id - {0} has been deleted", Del);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Invalid Book id");
            }

            bookList.Add(book);
        }

        //To search book details from the Library database using Book id 
        public static void SearchBook()
        {
            Book book = new Book();
            Console.Write("Search by BOOK id :");
            int find = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

            if (bookList.Exists(x => x.bookId == find))
            {
                foreach (Book searchId in bookList)
                {
                    if (searchId.bookId == find)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("Book id :{0}\n" +
                        "Book name :{1}\n" +
                        "Book price :{2}\n" +
                        "Book Count :{3}", searchId.bookId, searchId.bookName, searchId.bookPrice, searchId.bookCount);
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Book id {0} not found", find);
            }
        }

        //To borrow book details from the Library
        public static void Borrow()
        {
            Book book = new Book();
            BorrowDetails borrow = new BorrowDetails();
            Console.WriteLine("User id : {0}", (borrow.userId = borrowList.Count + 1));
            Console.Write("Name :");

            borrow.userName = Console.ReadLine();

            Console.Write("Book id :");
            borrow.borrowBookId = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
            Console.Write("Number of Books : ");
            borrow.borrowCount= int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
            Console.Write("Address :");
            borrow.userAddress = Console.ReadLine();
            borrow.borrowDate = DateTime.Now;
            Console.WriteLine("Date - {0} and Time - {1}", borrow.borrowDate.ToShortDateString(), borrow.borrowDate.ToShortTimeString());

            if (bookList.Exists(x => x.bookId == borrow.borrowBookId))
            {
                foreach (Book searchId in bookList)
                {
                    if (searchId.bookCount >= searchId.bookCount - borrow.borrowCount && searchId.bookCount - borrow.borrowCount >= 0)
                    {
                        if (searchId.bookId == borrow.borrowBookId)
                        {
                            searchId.bookCount = searchId.bookCount - borrow.borrowCount;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("Only {0} books are found", searchId.bookCount);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Book id {0} not found", borrow.borrowBookId);
            }
            borrowList.Add(borrow);
        }

        //To return borrowed book to the library 
        public static void ReturnBook()
        {
            Book book = new Book();
            Console.WriteLine("Enter following details :");

            Console.Write("Book id : ");
            int returnId = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

            Console.Write("Number of Books:");
            int returnCount = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

            if (bookList.Exists(y => y.bookId == returnId))
            {
                foreach (Book addReturnBookCount in bookList)
                {
                    if (addReturnBookCount.x >= returnCount + addReturnBookCount.bookCount)
                    {
                        if (addReturnBookCount.bookId == returnId)
                        {
                            addReturnBookCount.bookCount = addReturnBookCount.bookCount + returnCount;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("Count exists the actual count");
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Book id {0} not found", returnId);
            }
        }
    }
}
4

4 回答 4

1

您应该books使用bookId对象的唯一 ID 或更具体地删除 。您发布的代码正在使用书的位置将其从列表中删除。拥有 a 的唯一目的bookId是从任意数量的图书中识别出图书,books然后使用代码快速对其进行操作。

让我告诉您一些有关面向对象编程 (OOP) 的内容,这将对您有所帮助。每个对象都具有三个特征:

  1. 身份
  2. 状态
  3. 行为

bookId在这里,身份(可以用来选择它的独特的东西)是你应该用来操作你的对象(书)的东西,而不是对象的位置。

足够的理论,在你的代码中

bookList.RemoveAt(Del - 1);

是罪魁祸首。将其更改为工作的基础,bookId您的问题将得到解决。

谢谢

于 2016-09-18T13:07:52.050 回答
0

List在您的代码中,您正在混淆Array数据结构。让我们仔细看看:

if (bookList.Exists(x => x.bookId == Del))

在这里,您正在使用书籍列表中的迭代搜索来查找书籍。首先,您可以通过引入额外的字典来更快地做到这一点,那么您的程序会更快。其次是在这之后,你得到了id这本书,并删除了前一本书,因为它不是一个列表,而是数组:

bookList.RemoveAt(Del - 1);

为什么这没有按预期工作?这很简单,假设您添加了三本书,您的列表看起来像(这里的箭头是列表中书籍之间的链接):

1 --> 2 --> 3

删除第二本书后,您的列表如下所示:

1 --> 3

如果您添加另一本书,它的 id 将等于3! 因为这条线(bookList.Count这里等于 2):

Console.WriteLine("Book Id:{0}", book.bookId = bookList.Count + 1);

因此,您的列表如下所示:

1 --> 3 --> 3

因此,您必须维护额外的柜台,以便为您的书籍提供唯一标识。另一件事是您必须学习可以使用的其他 LINQ 方法,例如RemoveAll轻松从列表中删除、Find轻松搜索列表等。您可以在此处找到有关 LINQ 的一些建议。

于 2016-09-23T19:51:10.120 回答
0

问题是书籍ID的不稳定。它在列表中应该是唯一的,以识别正确的书。

这是快速修复。

在项目中添加 Linq 命名空间:

using System.Linq;

修改 GetBook() 方法,使用 list 中的 max book id number 生成唯一 bookId

var bookId = bookList.Count> 0 ? bookList.Max(b => b.bookId) : 0;
Console.WriteLine("Book Id:{0}", book.bookId = bookId + 1);
于 2016-09-29T07:23:06.297 回答
0

问题是,当您删除一本书时,您的书单正在重新排序,因此书籍 ID 不再反映它们在您添加它们时所处的位置。例如,您的 bookList 有 2 本书(bookList[0] 和 bookList[1])。当您删除一本书时,您会留下 booklist[0],因此当您尝试删除下一本书时(您的代码表示您使用 del -1 来获取位置),然后您尝试从您的数组中删除bookList[1] 其中当然不存在。

于 2016-09-18T12:04:18.737 回答