我在一本书中读到“你不能在 julia 中使用单一调度风格的方法创建传统的‘类’,比如obj.myfunc()
……我认为这听起来更像是一个挑战而不是事实。
因此,这是我的JavaClass
类型,带有公共/私有字段和方法,只是为了在 Julia 中出现这样丑陋的东西所带来的震惊和恐怖因素,毕竟开发人员已经竭尽全力避免它:
type JavaClass
# Public fields
name::String
# Public methods
getName::Function
setName::Function
getX::Function
getY::Function
setX::Function
setY::Function
# Primary Constructor - "through Whom all things were made."
function JavaClass(namearg::String, xarg::Int64, yarg::Int64)
# Private fields - implemented as "closed" variables
x = xarg
y = yarg
# Private methods used for "overloading"
setY(yarg::Int64) = (y = yarg; return nothing)
setY(yarg::Float64) = (y = Int64(yarg * 1000); return nothing)
# Construct object
this = new()
this.name = namearg
this.getName = () -> this.name
this.setName = (name::String) -> (this.name = name; return nothing)
this.getX = () -> x
this.getY = () -> y
this.setX = (xarg::Int64) -> (x = xarg; return nothing)
this.setY = (yarg) -> setY(yarg) #Select appropriate overloaded method
# Return constructed object
return this
end
# a secondary (inner) constructor
JavaClass(namearg::String) = JavaClass(namearg, 0,0)
end
示例使用:
julia> a = JavaClass("John", 10, 20);
julia> a.name # public
"John"
julia> a.name = "Jim";
julia> a.getName()
"Jim"
julia> a.setName("Jack")
julia> a.getName()
"Jack"
julia> a.x # private, cannot access
ERROR: type JavaClass has no field x
julia> a.getX()
10
julia> a.setX(11)
julia> a.getX()
11
julia> a.setY(2) # "single-dispatch" call to Int overloaded method
julia> a.getY()
2
julia> a.setY(2.0)
julia> a.getY() # "single-dispatch" call to Float overloaded method
2000
julia> b = JavaClass("Jill"); # secondary constructor
julia> b.getX()
0
本质上,构造函数变成了一个闭包,这就是创建“私有”字段和方法/重载的方式。有什么想法吗?(除了“OMG 为什么???你为什么要这样做??”)
还有其他方法吗?
你能想象到什么情况下这可能会严重失败?