sql - 在提供或不提供 PK 时让 SQL Insert 工作

Question

我有以下存储过程：

ALTER Procedure dbo.APPL_ServerEnvironmentInsert
(
    @ServerEnvironmentName varchar(50),
    @ServerEnvironmentDescription varchar(1000),
    @UserCreatedId uniqueidentifier,
    @ServerEnvironmentId uniqueidentifier OUTPUT
)
WITH RECOMPILE
AS
    -- Stores the ServerEnvironmentId.
    DECLARE @APPL_ServerEnvironment TABLE (ServerEnvironmentId uniqueidentifier)

    -- Insert the data into the table.
    INSERT INTO APPL_ServerEnvironment WITH(TABLOCKX)
    (
        ServerEnvironmentName,
        ServerEnvironmentDescription,
        DateCreated,
        UserCreatedId
    )
    OUTPUT Inserted.ServerEnvironmentId INTO @APPL_ServerEnvironment
    VALUES
    (
        @ServerEnvironmentName,
        @ServerEnvironmentDescription,
        GETDATE(),
        @UserCreatedId
    )

    -- If @ServerEnvironmentId was not supplied.
    IF (@ServerEnvironmentId IS NULL)
    BEGIN
        -- Get the ServerEnvironmentId.
        SELECT @ServerEnvironmentId = ServerEnvironmentId
        FROM @APPL_ServerEnvironment
    END

ServerEnvironmentId 列是一个主键，上面设置了默认值，即 (newsequentialid())。

我需要这个存储过程来处理 2 个场景：

1. 为 ServerEnvironmentId 提供的值 - 有效。
2. 未为 ServerEnvironmentId 提供值 - 不起作用 - 无法插入空值。我认为通过在此列上设置默认值就可以了。

请有人帮助修改此程序，使其适用于这两种情况。解决方案需要进行最小的更改，因为所有 sp 目前都遵循这一趋势。

Answer 1

如果列未包含在 INSERT 列表中，则默认值仅应用于插入。我建议进行以下并非完全微不足道的更改（我已注释掉要删除的行）：

ALTER Procedure dbo.APPL_ServerEnvironmentInsert 
( 
    @ServerEnvironmentName varchar(50), 
    @ServerEnvironmentDescription varchar(1000), 
    @UserCreatedId uniqueidentifier, 
    @ServerEnvironmentId uniqueidentifier OUTPUT 
) 
WITH RECOMPILE 
AS 
    ---- Stores the ServerEnvironmentId. 
    --DECLARE @APPL_ServerEnvironment TABLE (ServerEnvironmentId uniqueidentifier) 

    IF @ServerEnvironmentName is null
        SET @ServerEnvironmentName = newid()

    -- Insert the data into the table. 
    INSERT INTO APPL_ServerEnvironment WITH(TABLOCKX) 
    ( 
        ServerEnvironmentName, 
        ServerEnvironmentDescription, 
        DateCreated, 
        UserCreatedId 
    ) 
    --OUTPUT Inserted.ServerEnvironmentId INTO @APPL_ServerEnvironment 
    VALUES 
    ( 
        @ServerEnvironmentName, 
        @ServerEnvironmentDescription, 
        GETDATE(), 
        @UserCreatedId 
    ) 

    ---- If @ServerEnvironmentId was not supplied. 
    --IF (@ServerEnvironmentId IS NULL) 
    --BEGIN 
    --    -- Get the ServerEnvironmentId. 
    --    SELECT @ServerEnvironmentId = ServerEnvironmentId 
    --    FROM @APPL_ServerEnvironment 
    --END

The default constraint will not be used by this procedure, but you can leave it in place if there are other places where rows may be added to the table.

Answer 2

(My first answer was long and so it this one, so I'm posting a second answer.)

I missed that you were using NewSequentialId. Again, if a column is specified within the insert statement, any DEFAULT values assigned to that column will not be used [unless you use the DEFAULT keyword in the INSERT statement, but that's still all or nothing--you can't say "if @Var is null then DEFAULT"]. I think you are stuck with simple branching and semi-redundant code, along the lines of:

ALTER Procedure dbo.APPL_ServerEnvironmentInsert 
( 
    @ServerEnvironmentName varchar(50), 
    @ServerEnvironmentDescription varchar(1000), 
    @UserCreatedId uniqueidentifier, 
    @ServerEnvironmentId uniqueidentifier OUTPUT 
) 
WITH RECOMPILE 
AS 
    -- Stores the ServerEnvironmentId. 
    DECLARE @APPL_ServerEnvironment TABLE (ServerEnvironmentId uniqueidentifier) 

    IF @ServerEnvironmentId is null
     BEGIN
        --  ServerEnvironmentId not provided by user, generate during the insert
        INSERT INTO APPL_ServerEnvironment WITH(TABLOCKX) 
        ( 
            ServerEnvironmentName, 
            ServerEnvironmentDescription, 
            DateCreated, 
            UserCreatedId 
        ) 
        OUTPUT Inserted.ServerEnvironmentId INTO @APPL_ServerEnvironment 
        VALUES 
        ( 
            @ServerEnvironmentName, 
            @ServerEnvironmentDescription, 
            GETDATE(), 
            @UserCreatedId 
        ) 

        -- Get the new ServerEnvironmentId
        SELECT @ServerEnvironmentId = ServerEnvironmentId 
        FROM @APPL_ServerEnvironment 
     END 

    ELSE
     BEGIN
        --  ServerEnvironmentId is provided by user
        INSERT INTO APPL_ServerEnvironment WITH(TABLOCKX) 
        ( 
            ServerEnvironmentName, 
            ServerEnvironmentDescription, 
            DateCreated, 
            UserCreatedId,
            ServerEnvironmentId
        ) 
        OUTPUT Inserted.ServerEnvironmentId INTO @APPL_ServerEnvironment 
        VALUES 
        ( 
            @ServerEnvironmentName, 
            @ServerEnvironmentDescription, 
            GETDATE(), 
            @UserCreatedId,
            @ServerEnvironmentId
        ) 
     END

(Why lock the entire table during the insert?)

Answer 3

Help to Simplify SQL Insert which uses NEWSEQUNETIALID() column default