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我正在为一个Django REST Framework应用程序编写单元测试并 factory_boy用来创建我的假测试数据。运行测试时出现以下错误：

File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/unittest/loader.py", line 254, in _find_tests
  module = self._get_module_from_name(name)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/unittest/loader.py", line 232, in _get_module_from_name
  __import__(name)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/osf-meetings/meetings/conferences/tests.py", line 27, in <module>
  class SubmissionFactory(factory.DjangoModelFactory):
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/osf-meetings/meetings/conferences/tests.py", line 34, in SubmissionFactory
  username = 'contributor'
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/factory/base.py", line 67, in __call__
  return cls.create(**kwargs)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/factory/base.py", line 594, in create
  return cls._generate(True, attrs)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/factory/base.py", line 519, in _generate
  obj = cls._prepare(create, **attrs)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/factory/base.py", line 494, in _prepare
  return cls._create(model_class, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/factory/django.py", line 181, in _create
  return manager.create(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 122, in manager_method
  return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 401, in create
  obj.save(force_insert=True, using=self.db)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 74, in save
  super(AbstractBaseUser, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 708, in save
  force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 736, in save_base
  updated = self._save_table(raw, cls, force_insert, force_update, using, update_fields)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 820, in _save_table
  result = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, update_pk, raw)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 859, in _do_insert
  using=using, raw=raw)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 122, in manager_method
  return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1039, in _insert
  return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(return_id)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1060, in execute_sql
  cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
  return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 95, in __exit__
  six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
  return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/Users/thomasheatwole/.virtualenvs/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 323, in execute
  return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: auth_user.username

不太确定它的含义或导致它的原因。这是工厂定义的地方：

class UserFactory(factory.DjangoModelFactory):
    class Meta: 
        model = User

这是创建实例的位置：

contributor = UserFactory(
    username = 'contributor'
    )

这是完整的文件：tests.py

让我知道是否有简单的解决方法。谢谢！

4

2 回答 2

1

原来我给工厂打了两次电话，所以两个用户都得到了username = 'contributor'. 简单的解决方法是不在工厂内部定义用户名，而是在调用工厂时定义它。

于 2016-08-05T19:49:37.093 回答
-1

正如您在回复中所述，问题在于您正在为unique=True字段使用固定值。

一种解决方案是将username每次调用传递给UserFactory; 但是，目标factory_boy是避免必须指定此类字段，除非测试需要特定值。

在您的示例中，您应该使用受以下启发的定义：

class UserFactory(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
    class Meta:
        model = models.User

    username = factory.Faker('username')

使用该定义，每次调用UserFactory都将为 aUser提供不同的用户名。

而且，如果username必须为特定测试设置 ，只需调用UserFactory(username='john').

于 2016-08-06T09:46:55.670 回答