我正在为性能很重要的应用程序编写代码。我想知道为什么defaultdict
似乎更快setdefault
。
我希望能够使用setdefault
,主要是因为我不喜欢嵌套的打印输出defaultdict
(参见下面的实现)。
在我的代码中,我需要测试是否element_id
已经是字典的键。
这是我正在测试的两个功能:
def defaultdictfunc(subcases,other_ids,element_ids):
dict_name= defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(dict)))
for subcase in subcases:
for other_id in other_ids:
for element_id in element_ids:
if element_id in dict_name[subcase][other_id]:
# error duplicate element_id
pass
else:
dict_name[subcase][other_id][element_id]=0
return dict_name
def setdefaultfunc(subcases,other_ids,element_ids):
dict_name={}
for subcase in subcases:
for other_id in other_ids:
for element_id in element_ids:
if element_id in dict_name.setdefault(subcase,{}).setdefault(other_id,{}):
# error duplicate element_id
pass
else:
dict_name[subcase][other_id][element_id]=0
return dict_name
IPython 输入和输出:
In [1]: from numpy.random import randint
In [2]: subcases,other_ids,element_ids=(randint(0,100,100),randint(0,100,100),randint(0,100,100))
In [5]: from collections import defaultdict
In [6]: defaultdictfunc(subcases,other_ids,element_ids)==setdefaultfunc(subcases,other_ids,element_ids)
Out[6]: True
In [7]: %timeit defaultdictfunc(subcases,other_ids,element_ids)
10 loops, best of 3: 177 ms per loop
In [8]: % timeit setdefaultfunc(subcases,other_ids,element_ids)
1 loops, best of 3: 351 ms per loop
为什么比较setdefaultfunc
慢。我认为底层代码是一样的。有没有办法提高它的速度?
谢谢