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我可以（如何）配置 Sql Server 2008 以在作业中的任何步骤失败时通知操作员吗？

我有一个 Sql Server 作业，其中包含几个步骤来更新来自多个不同来源的数据，然后是最后一个步骤，该步骤对数据执行多个计算。所有“数据刷新”步骤都设置为“失败时转到下一步”。一般来说，如果其中一个数据刷新失败，我仍然希望最后一步运行，但我仍然希望收到有关中间失败的通知，所以如果它们持续失败，我可以调查。

4

7 回答 7

32

这是我们如何做到的。我们用这个添加最后一个 T-SQL 步骤（通常称为“检查步骤”）

SELECT  step_name, message
FROM    msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
WHERE   instance_id > COALESCE((SELECT MAX(instance_id) FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                                WHERE job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID)) AND step_id = 0), 0)
        AND job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID))
        AND run_status <> 1 -- success

IF      @@ROWCOUNT <> 0
        RAISERROR('Ooops', 16, 1)

请注意，此代码在作业步骤（部分）中使用令牌$(...)，因此无法在 SSMS 中按原样执行代码。它基本上尝试查找当前作业的先前步骤的条目sysjobhistory并查找失败状态。

在“属性”->“高级”中，您还可以选中“在历史记录中包含步骤输出”以获取步骤失败的消息。将On failure 操作保留为Quit the job reporting failure。

于 2011-08-15T11:11:40.960 回答
4

@wqw 接受的答案非常好。

我已经为那些启用了数据库邮件的人扩展了它，以便通过电子邮件发送更多关于失败的确切原因和方式的详细信息。还包含 icvader 在此页面上的答案以考虑重试。

对于我们这些需要更多细节来判断在场外/待命时是否​​需要紧急行动的人来说应该真的很有帮助。

DECLARE 

@YourRecipients as varchar(1000) = 'myadminemail@bloatcorp.com'
,@YourMailProfileName as varchar(255) = 'Database Mail'

,@Msg as varchar(1000)
,@NumofFails as smallint
,@JobName as varchar(1000)
,@Subj as varchar(1000)
,@i as smallint = 1


---------------Fetch List of Step Errors------------
SELECT *
INTO #Errs

FROM

    (
    SELECT 
      rank() over (PARTITION BY step_id ORDER BY step_id) rn
    , ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by step_id order by run_date desc, run_time desc) ReverseTryOrder
    ,j.name job_name
    ,run_status
    , step_id
    , step_name
    , [message]

    FROM    msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory h
    join msdb.dbo.sysjobs j on j.job_id = h.job_id

    WHERE   instance_id > COALESCE((SELECT MAX(instance_id) FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                                    WHERE job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID)) AND step_id = 0), 0)
            AND h.job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID))
    ) as agg

WHERE ReverseTryOrder = 1 ---Pick the last retry attempt of each step
  AND run_status <> 1 -- show only those that didn't succeed 


SET @NumofFails = ISNULL(@@ROWCOUNT,0)---Stored here because we'll still need the rowcount after it's reset.


-------------------------If there are any failures assemble email and send ------------------------------------------------
IF  @NumofFails <> 0
    BEGIN

        DECLARE @PluralS as char(1) = CASE WHEN @NumofFails > 1 THEN 's' ELSE '' END ---To make it look like a computer knows English
        SELECT top 1 @Subj = 'Job: ' + job_name + ' had ' + CAST(@NumofFails as varchar(3)) + ' step' + @PluralS + ' that failed'
                    ,@Msg =  'The trouble is... ' +CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)+CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)

                        FROM dbo.#Errs


        WHILE @i <= @NumofFails 
        BEGIN
            SELECT @Msg = @Msg + 'Step:' + CAST(step_id as varchar(3)) + ': ' + step_name  +CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)

            + [message] +CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)+CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) FROM dbo.#Errs
            WHERE rn = @i


            SET @i = @i + 1
        END

            exec msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
            @recipients = @YourRecipients,
            @subject = @Subj,
            @profile_name = @YourMailProfileName,
            @body = @Msg


    END

与其所基于的其他答案的一个区别：不会将整个工作视为错误。这是为了在作业历史记录中保留 Aborted 和 Completed with Errors 之间的区别。

于 2014-08-01T17:46:36.520 回答
3

由于一个独特的 translog 场景导致偶尔阻塞，我将大部分步骤设置为重试。wqw 的帖子即使重试成功也会提醒。我做了一个调整，如果一个步骤失败了，它不会发出警报，但是在重试时会成功。

SELECT  step_id, MIN(run_status)
FROM    msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
WHERE   instance_id > COALESCE((SELECT MAX(instance_id) FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                                WHERE job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID)) AND step_id = 0), 0)
        AND job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID))
GROUP BY step_id
HAVING MIN(run_status) <> 1 -- success

IF @@ROWCOUNT <> 0
RAISERROR('FailedStep', 16, 1)
于 2014-01-04T04:47:35.413 回答
3

对上述答案的改进，以防有人想使用 sql server agent 中的运算符发送电子邮件；并使用存储在 msdb 中的数据库配置文件名称：

DECLARE @EmailRecipients as varchar(1000)
DECLARE @MailProfileName as varchar(255)
DECLARE @Msg as varchar(1000)
DECLARE @NumofFails as smallint
DECLARE @JobName as varchar(1000)
DECLARE @Subj as varchar(1000)
DECLARE @i as smallint = 1

SELECT @EmailRecipients = email_address 
FROM msdb.dbo.sysoperators
WHERE name = <Operator Name>

SELECT TOP(1) @MailProfileName = name 
FROM msdb.dbo.sysmail_profile

SELECT * INTO #Errs
FROM
    (SELECT rank() over (PARTITION BY step_id ORDER BY step_id) rn, 
            ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by step_id order by run_date desc, run_time desc) ReverseTryOrder,
           j.name job_name,
           run_status,
           step_id,
           step_name,
           [message]
     FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory h
     JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobs j ON j.job_id = h.job_id
     WHERE instance_id > COALESCE((SELECT MAX(instance_id) FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                                    WHERE job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID)) AND step_id = 0), 0)
     AND h.job_id = $(ESCAPE_SQUOTE(JOBID))
    ) AS agg
WHERE ReverseTryOrder = 1 ---Pick the last retry attempt of each step
AND run_status <> 1 -- show only those that didn't succeed 


SET @NumofFails = ISNULL(@@ROWCOUNT,0)---Stored here because we'll still need the rowcount after it's reset.

IF  @NumofFails <> 0
BEGIN
    DECLARE @PluralS as char(1) = CASE WHEN @NumofFails > 1 THEN 's' ELSE '' END

    SELECT top 1 @Subj = job_name + ':'+ CAST(@NumofFails as varchar(3)) + '''Check Steps'' Report',
                 @Msg =  '''Check Steps'' has reported that one or more Steps failed during execution of ' + job_name + CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)+ CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)
    FROM dbo.#Errs

    WHILE @i <= @NumofFails 
    BEGIN
        SELECT @Msg = @Msg + 'Step ' + CAST(step_id as varchar(3)) + ': ' + step_name  +CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)
                     + [message] +CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)+CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) 
        FROM dbo.#Errs
        WHERE rn = @i

        SET @i = @i + 1
    END

    EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
    @recipients = @EmailRecipients,
    @subject = @Subj,
    @profile_name = @MailProfileName,
    @body = @Msg
END
于 2017-04-07T06:26:28.740 回答
1

Adamantish 的答案是完美的解决方案（谢谢）：完美无瑕.. 稍作修改。如 wqw 之前所述，在 SSMS 中不起作用，将其添加为最后一步并运行作业。

WHERE instance_id > COALESCE
(
(
SELECT MAX(instance_id) 
FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
WHERE job_id = '2XXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXXX' AND step_id = 0), 0
)
AND h.job_id = '2XXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXXX'
) 
as agg
于 2016-04-15T00:57:24.093 回答
0

转到作业属性 > 通知选项卡 > 作业完成时要执行的操作

在该复选框下选中电子邮件复选框，然后从下拉列表中选择“当作业失败时”并保存作业。

阅读http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191130.aspx上的第 4 点

如果您想通过电子邮件通知操作员，请选中电子邮件，从列表中选择操作员，然后选择以下选项之一：

  • 作业成功时：作业成功完成时通知操作员。

  • 当作业失败时：在作业未成功完成时通知操作员。

  • 作业完成时：无论完成状态如何，都通知操作员。

于 2010-10-04T20:45:24.580 回答
0

在每个步骤中添加代码：

if @@error > 0
EXEC sp_send_dbmail @profile_name='DBATeam',
@recipients=dbadmin@somewhere.com',
@subject='SomeJob SomeStep failed',
@body='This is the body of SomeJob SomeStep failed'
于 2012-01-19T09:26:37.580 回答