4

编辑:显示在最后,发现实际上创建了升级标头。

我正在使用action-cable-example代码库,尝试构建一个 WebSocket 应用程序。依赖于应用程序中提供的浏览器客户端的“Chatty”应用程序运行良好。但是,我不会使用该客户端,因为我需要外部 IoT 连接。因此,我正在尝试将 ws/wss WebSocket 协议实现到外部非浏览器设备,并且我在 route.rb 中的连接是:

mount ActionCable.server => '/cable'

我已经尝试了几个外部客户端,例如 Chrome Simple WebSocket Client 扩展和 gem websocket-client-simple使用 sample/client.rb。在这两种情况下,ActionCable 都不返回升级标头。Chrome 扩展程序抱怨如下:

WebSocket connection to 'ws://127.0.0.1:3000/cable' failed: Error during WebSocket handshake: 'Upgrade' header is missing 

实际的握手表明这是真的,如:

**General**
Request URL:ws://127.0.0.1:3000/cable
Request Method:GET
Status Code:101 Switching Protocols
**Response Headers**
view source
Connection:keep-alive
Server:thin
**Request Headers**
view source
Accept-Encoding:gzip, deflate, sdch
Accept-Language:en-US,en;q=0.8
Cache-Control:no-cache
Connection:Upgrade
Cookie:PPA_ID=<redacted>
DNT:1
Host:127.0.0.1:3000
Origin:chrome-extension://pfdhoblngboilpfeibdedpjgfnlcodoo
Pragma:no-cache
Sec-WebSocket-Extensions:permessage-deflate; client_max_window_bits
Sec-WebSocket-Key:1vokmzewcWf9e2RwMth0Lw==
Sec-WebSocket-Version:13
Upgrade:websocket
User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.84 Safari/537.36

根据标准,响应标头应为:

HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
Upgrade: websocket
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: HSmrc0sMlYUkAGmm5OPpG2HaGWk=
Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat

Sec-WebSocket-Accept 尤其重要,因为它是基于请求标头的 Sec-WebSocket-Key 的计算,以确认 ws/wss 被理解并且应该发生交换协议。

在所有这些过程中,服务器会更开心,直到客户端被勾选并关闭连接:

Started GET "/cable" for 127.0.0.1 at 2016-06-16 19:19:17 -0400
  ActiveRecord::SchemaMigration Load (1.0ms)  SELECT "schema_migrations".* FROM "schema_migrations"
Started GET "/cable/" [WebSocket] for 127.0.0.1 at 2016-06-16 19:19:17 -0400
Successfully upgraded to WebSocket (REQUEST_METHOD: GET, HTTP_CONNECTION: Upgrade, HTTP_UPGRADE: websocket)
Finished "/cable/" [WebSocket] for 127.0.0.1 at 2016-06-16 19:19:18 -0400

查看 websocket-client-simple,我分解了返回到 client.rb 的 WebSocket,它还显示了空头。我正在显示代码,然后是 WebSocket:

url = ARGV.shift || 'ws://localhost:3000/cable'
ws = WebSocket::Client::Simple.connect url

#<WebSocket::Client::Simple::Client:0x2cdaf68 
    @url="ws://localhost:3000/cable", 
    @socket=#<TCPSocket:fd 3>, 
    @handshake=<WebSocket::Handshake::Client:0x013231c8 
        @url="ws://localhost:3000/cable", 
        @headers={}, 
        @state=:new, 
        @handler=#<WebSocket::Handshake::Handler::Client11:0x2e88400 
            @handshake=<WebSocket::Handshake::Client:0x013231c8 
                @url="ws://localhost:3000/cable", 
                @headers={}, 
                @state=:new, 
                @handler=#<WebSocket::Handshake::Handler::Client11:0x2e88400 ...>, 
                @data="", 
                @secure=false, 
                @host="localhost", 
                @port=3000, 
                @path="/cable", 
                @query=nil, 
                @version=13>, 
            @key="KUJ0/C0rvoCMruW8STp0Sw==">, 
        @data="", 
        @secure=false, 
        @host="localhost", 
        @port=3000, 
        @path="/cable", 
        @query=nil, 
        @version=13>, 
    @handshaked=false, 
    @pipe_broken=false, 
    @closed=false, 
    @__events=[{:type=>:__close, :listener=>#<Proc:0x2d10ae8@D:/Bitnami/rubystack-2.2.5-3/projects/websocket-client-simple/lib/websocket-client-simple/client.rb:37>, :params=>{:once=>true}, :id=>0}], 
    @thread=#<Thread:0x2d10a70@D:/Bitnami/rubystack-2.2.5-3/projects/websocket-client-simple/lib/websocket-client-simple/client.rb:42 sleep>
>;

在此响应中,我注意到实例变量“@handshaked”返回为 false。这可能是相关的,但到目前为止我还没有找到在代码中设置或引用的位置。

更新:发现 WebSocket::Driver.start 实际上创建了升级标头。而且,@socket.write(response)应该通过 EventMachine 将它们发送出去。代码:

def start
  return false unless @ready_state == 0
  response = handshake_response
  return false unless response
  @socket.write(response)
  open unless @stage == -1
  true
end

握手响应是:

HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
Upgrade: websocket
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: iJVnsG1ApNMFzABXGDSHN1V0i/s=
4

1 回答 1

9

问题是我试图在开发中使用瘦服务器。它会运作。但是,它实际上是在处理过程中传输响应标头,例如:

Response Headers
Connection:keep-alive
Server:thin

ActionCable 实际上是在发送适当的升级标头,但它只是在 Thin 发出自己的标头之后才这样做,因此客户端无法识别它们。

转换回 Puma 后,我按预期收到了这些:

Response Headers
HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
Upgrade: websocket
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: XJOmp1e2IwQIMk5n0JV/RZZSIhs=
于 2016-06-17T02:25:17.027 回答