c# - c# (WinForms-App) 导出DataSet到Excel

Question

我需要一个解决方案来将数据集导出到没有任何 asp 代码的 excel 文件（HttpResonpsne ...），但我没有找到一个很好的例子来做到这一点......

最好提前感谢

score 38 · Accepted Answer

我创建了一个将DataGridViewor导出DataTable到 Excel 文件的类。您可能可以对其进行一些更改以使其使用您的DataSet代替（迭代DataTables其中）。它还做了一些你也可以扩展的基本格式。

要使用它，只需调用 ExcelExport，并指定文件名以及导出后是否自动打开文件。我也可以让它们成为扩展方法，但我没有。随意地。

请注意，Excel 文件可以保存为美化的 XML 文档，这就是利用它。

编辑：这曾经使用 vanilla StreamWriter，但正如所指出的，在许多情况下，事情不会被正确转义。现在它使用 a XmlWriter，它将为您进行转义。

该类ExcelWriter包装了一个XmlWriter. 我没有打扰，但您可能需要做更多的错误检查，以确保您不能在开始一行之前写入单元格数据，等等。代码如下。

public class ExcelWriter : IDisposable
{
    private XmlWriter _writer;

    public enum CellStyle { General, Number, Currency, DateTime, ShortDate };

    public void WriteStartDocument()
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");

        _writer.WriteProcessingInstruction("mso-application", "progid=\"Excel.Sheet\"");
        _writer.WriteStartElement("ss", "Workbook", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
         WriteExcelStyles();
   }

    public void WriteEndDocument()
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");

        _writer.WriteEndElement();
    }

    private void WriteExcelStyleElement(CellStyle style)
    {
        _writer.WriteStartElement("Style", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
        _writer.WriteAttributeString("ID", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet", style.ToString());
        _writer.WriteEndElement();
    }

    private void WriteExcelStyleElement(CellStyle style, string NumberFormat)
    {
        _writer.WriteStartElement("Style", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");

        _writer.WriteAttributeString("ID", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet", style.ToString());
        _writer.WriteStartElement("NumberFormat", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
        _writer.WriteAttributeString("Format", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet", NumberFormat);
        _writer.WriteEndElement();

        _writer.WriteEndElement();

    }

    private void WriteExcelStyles()
    {
        _writer.WriteStartElement("Styles", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");

        WriteExcelStyleElement(CellStyle.General);
        WriteExcelStyleElement(CellStyle.Number, "General Number");
        WriteExcelStyleElement(CellStyle.DateTime, "General Date");
        WriteExcelStyleElement(CellStyle.Currency, "Currency");
        WriteExcelStyleElement(CellStyle.ShortDate, "Short Date");

        _writer.WriteEndElement();
    }

    public void WriteStartWorksheet(string name)
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");

        _writer.WriteStartElement("Worksheet", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
        _writer.WriteAttributeString("Name", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet", name);
        _writer.WriteStartElement("Table", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
    }

    public void WriteEndWorksheet()
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");

        _writer.WriteEndElement();
        _writer.WriteEndElement();
    }

    public ExcelWriter(string outputFileName)
    {
        XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
        settings.Indent = true;
        _writer = XmlWriter.Create(outputFileName, settings);
    }

    public void Close()
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Already closed.");

        _writer.Close();
        _writer = null;
    }

    public void WriteExcelColumnDefinition(int columnWidth)
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");

        _writer.WriteStartElement("Column", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
        _writer.WriteStartAttribute("Width", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
        _writer.WriteValue(columnWidth);
        _writer.WriteEndAttribute();
        _writer.WriteEndElement();
    }

    public void WriteExcelUnstyledCell(string value)
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");

        _writer.WriteStartElement("Cell", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
        _writer.WriteStartElement("Data", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
        _writer.WriteAttributeString("Type", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet", "String");
        _writer.WriteValue(value);
        _writer.WriteEndElement();
        _writer.WriteEndElement();
    }

    public void WriteStartRow()
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");

        _writer.WriteStartElement("Row", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
    }

    public void WriteEndRow()
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");

        _writer.WriteEndElement();
    }

    public void WriteExcelStyledCell(object value, CellStyle style)
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");

        _writer.WriteStartElement("Cell", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
        _writer.WriteAttributeString("StyleID", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet", style.ToString());
        _writer.WriteStartElement("Data", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet");
        switch (style)
        {
            case CellStyle.General:
                _writer.WriteAttributeString("Type", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet", "String");
                break;
            case CellStyle.Number:
            case CellStyle.Currency:
                _writer.WriteAttributeString("Type", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet", "Number");
                break;
            case CellStyle.ShortDate:
            case CellStyle.DateTime:
                _writer.WriteAttributeString("Type", "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet", "DateTime");
                break;
        }
        _writer.WriteValue(value);
        //  tag += String.Format("{1}\"><ss:Data ss:Type=\"DateTime\">{0:yyyy\\-MM\\-dd\\THH\\:mm\\:ss\\.fff}</ss:Data>", value,

        _writer.WriteEndElement();
        _writer.WriteEndElement();
    }

    public void WriteExcelAutoStyledCell(object value)
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");

        //write the <ss:Cell> and <ss:Data> tags for something
        if (value is Int16 || value is Int32 || value is Int64 || value is SByte ||
            value is UInt16 || value is UInt32 || value is UInt64 || value is Byte)
        {
            WriteExcelStyledCell(value, CellStyle.Number);
        }
        else if (value is Single || value is Double || value is Decimal) //we'll assume it's a currency
        {
            WriteExcelStyledCell(value, CellStyle.Currency);
        }
        else if (value is DateTime)
        {
            //check if there's no time information and use the appropriate style
            WriteExcelStyledCell(value, ((DateTime)value).TimeOfDay.CompareTo(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, 0)) == 0 ? CellStyle.ShortDate : CellStyle.DateTime);
        }
        else
        {
            WriteExcelStyledCell(value, CellStyle.General);
        }
    }

    #region IDisposable Members

    public void Dispose()
    {
        if (_writer == null)
            return;

        _writer.Close();
        _writer = null;
    }

    #endregion
}

然后您可以DataTable使用以下命令导出您的：

public static void ExcelExport(DataTable data, String fileName, bool openAfter)
{
    //export a DataTable to Excel
    DialogResult retry = DialogResult.Retry;

    while (retry == DialogResult.Retry)
    {
        try
        {
            using (ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(fileName))
            {
                writer.WriteStartDocument();

                // Write the worksheet contents
                writer.WriteStartWorksheet("Sheet1");

                //Write header row
                writer.WriteStartRow();
                foreach (DataColumn col in data.Columns)
                    writer.WriteExcelUnstyledCell(col.Caption);
                writer.WriteEndRow();

                //write data
                foreach (DataRow row in data.Rows)
                {
                    writer.WriteStartRow();
                    foreach (object o in row.ItemArray)
                    {
                        writer.WriteExcelAutoStyledCell(o);
                    }
                    writer.WriteEndRow();
                }

                // Close up the document
                writer.WriteEndWorksheet();
                writer.WriteEndDocument();
                writer.Close();
                if (openAfter)
                    OpenFile(fileName);
                retry = DialogResult.Cancel;
            }
        }
        catch (Exception myException)
        {
            retry = MessageBox.Show(myException.Message, "Excel Export", MessageBoxButtons.RetryCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Asterisk);
        }
    }
}

score 3 · Accepted Answer

以下站点演示了如何将 DataSet（或 DataTable 或 List<>）导出到“真正的”Excel 2007 .xlsx 文件中。

它使用OpenXML库，因此您无需在服务器上安装 Excel。

C# ExportToExcel 库

所有源代码都是免费提供的，以及在 ASP.NET、ASP.NET Core 2+ 或常规 C# 中使用它的说明。

添加到您自己的应用程序非常容易，您只需调用一个函数，传入一个 Excel 文件名和您的数据源：

DataSet ds = CreateSampleData();
string excelFilename = "C:\\Sample.xlsx";
CreateExcelFile.CreateExcelDocument(ds, excelFilename);

希望这可以帮助。

score 1 · Accepted Answer

在 .NET 应用程序中创建 excel 文件是很常见的，类似的问题已经被问过好几次了。例如这里和这里。最后一个问题询问有关阅读 excel 文件的问题，但大多数建议的解决方案应该可以双向工作。

score 1 · Accepted Answer

using XL = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
using System.Reflection;

public static void Datasource(DataTable dt)
{
    XL.Application oXL;
    XL._Workbook oWB;
    XL._Worksheet oSheet;
    XL.Range oRng;

    try
    {
        oXL = new XL.Application();
        Application.DoEvents();
        oXL.Visible = false;

        //Get a new workbook.
        oWB = (XL._Workbook)(oXL.Workbooks.Add(Missing.Value));
        oSheet = (XL._Worksheet)oWB.ActiveSheet;

        //System.Data.DataTable dtGridData=ds.Tables[0];

        int iRow = 2;
        if (dt.Rows.Count > 0)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
            {
                oSheet.Cells[1, j + 1] = dt.Columns[j].ColumnName;
            }

            // For each row, print the values of each column.
            for (int rowNo = 0; rowNo < dt.Rows.Count; rowNo++)
            {
                for (int colNo = 0; colNo < dt.Columns.Count; colNo++)
                {
                    oSheet.Cells[iRow, colNo + 1] = dt.Rows[rowNo][colNo].ToString();
                }
                iRow++;
            }
            iRow++;
        }
        oRng = oSheet.get_Range("A1", "IV1");
        oRng.EntireColumn.AutoFit();
        oXL.Visible = true;
    }
    catch (Exception theException)
    {
        throw theException;
    }
    finally
    {
        oXL = null;
        oWB = null;
        oSheet = null;
        oRng = null;
    }
}

从 Excel 导入数据表：

 DataTable dtTable = new DataTable();
 DataColumn col = new DataColumn("Rfid");
 dtTable.Columns.Add(col);
 DataRow drRow;

 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application ExcelObj =
        new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook theWorkbook =
            ExcelObj.Workbooks.Open(txt_FilePath.Text, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,
                                    Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,
                                    Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Sheets sheets = theWorkbook.Worksheets;
 try
 {
     for (int sht = 1; sht <= sheets.Count; sht++)
     {
          Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet =
                    (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(sht);

          for (int i = 2; i <= worksheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count; i++)
          {
              Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range = worksheet.get_Range("A" + i.ToString(), "B" + i.ToString());
              System.Array myvalues = (System.Array)range.Cells.Value2;
              String name = Convert.ToString(myvalues.GetValue(1, 1));
              if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name) == false)
              {
                  drRow = dtTable.NewRow();
                  drRow["Rfid"] = name;
                  dtTable.Rows.Add(drRow);
              }
          }
              Marshal.ReleaseComObject(worksheet);
              worksheet = null;
        }
    return dtTable;
}
catch
{
    throw;
}
finally
{
   // Marshal.ReleaseComObject(worksheet);
    Marshal.ReleaseComObject(sheets);
    Marshal.ReleaseComObject(theWorkbook);
    Marshal.ReleaseComObject(ExcelObj);
    //worksheet = null;
    sheets = null;
    theWorkbook = null;
    ExcelObj = null;
}

score 1 · Accepted Answer

这是一个非常有用的最佳答案的帖子，但我发现它缺乏，因为没有简单的方法将 XML 文件导入回数据表。我最终不得不自己写，并想我会在这里分享它，以防其他人在同一条船上（谷歌在这方面非常无助）：

public static DataTable ImportExcelXML(string Filename)
    {
        //create a new dataset to load in the XML file
        DataSet DS = new DataSet();
        //Read the XML file into the dataset
        DS.ReadXml(Filename);
        //Create a new datatable to store the raw Data
        DataTable Raw = new DataTable();
        //assign the raw data from the file to the datatable
        Raw = DS.Tables["Data"];
        //count the number of columns in the XML file
        int ColumnNumber = Raw.Columns.Count;
        //create a datatable to store formatted Import Data
        DataTable ImportData = new DataTable();
        //create a string list to store the cell data of each row
        List<string> RowData = new List<string>();
        //loop through each row in the raw data table
        for (int Counter = 0; Counter < Raw.Rows.Count; Counter++)
        {
            //if the data in the row is a colum header
            if (Counter < ColumnNumber)
            {
                //add the column name to our formatted datatable
                ImportData.Columns.Add(Raw.Rows[Counter].ItemArray.GetValue(1).ToString());
            }
            else
            {
                //if the row # (1 row = 1 cell from the excel file) from the raw datatable is divisable evenly by the number of columns in the formated import datatable AND this is not the 1st row of the raw table data after the headers
                if ((Counter % ColumnNumber == 0) && (Counter != ColumnNumber))
                {
                    //add the row we just built to the formatted import datatable
                    ImportData.Rows.Add(GenerateRow(ImportData, RowData));
                    //clear rowdata list in preperation for the next row
                    RowData.Clear();
                }
                //add the current cell data value from the raw datatable to the string list of cell values for the next row to be added to the formatted input datatable
                RowData.Add(Raw.Rows[Counter].ItemArray.GetValue(1).ToString());
            }
        }
        //add the final row
        ImportData.Rows.Add(GenerateRow(ImportData, RowData));

        return ImportData;
    }

    public static DataRow GenerateRow(DataTable ImportData, List<string> RowData)
    {
        //create a counter to keep track of the column position during row composition
        int ColumnPosition = 0;
        //make a new datarow based on the schema of the formated import datatable
        DataRow NewRow = ImportData.NewRow();
        //for each string cell value collected for the RowData list for this row
        foreach (string CellData in RowData)
        {
            //add the cell value to the new datarow
            NewRow[ImportData.Columns[ColumnPosition].ColumnName] = CellData;
            //incriment column position in the new row
            ColumnPosition++;
        }
        //return the generated row
        return NewRow;
    }

score 1 · Accepted Answer

代码有空值问题。

 public void WriteExcelAutoStyledCell(object value)
    {
        //solve null values
        if (value is DBNull) return;

score 1 · Accepted Answer

我会将此添加到评论中，但我是新手，所以我无法发表评论。使用 lc. 的解决方案，我添加了另一个函数来测试字符串中的无效 XML 字符。当我导出到 excel 时，有时会发现导致导出失败的字符。

您将需要修改 lc 代码中的功能之一。

public void WriteExcelAutoStyledCell(object value)
    {
        if (_writer == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write after closing.");
        string newValue = string.Empty;

        try
        {
            //write the <ss:Cell> and <ss:Data> tags for something
            if (value is Int16 || value is Int32 || value is Int64 || value is SByte ||
                value is UInt16 || value is UInt32 || value is UInt64 || value is Byte)
            {
                WriteExcelStyledCell(value, CellStyle.Number);
            }
            else if (value is Single || value is Double || value is Decimal) //we'll assume it's a currency
            {
                WriteExcelStyledCell(value, CellStyle.Currency);
            }
            else if (value is DateTime)
            {
                //check if there's no time information and use the appropriate style
                WriteExcelStyledCell(value, ((DateTime)value).TimeOfDay.CompareTo(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, 0)) == 0 ? CellStyle.ShortDate : CellStyle.DateTime);
            }
            else
            {
                newValue = CheckXmlCompatibleValues(value.ToString()).ToString();
                WriteExcelStyledCell(newValue, CellStyle.General);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception thisException)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(thisException.Message.ToString());
        }
    }

并将此功能添加到“ExcelWriter”类

public string CheckXmlCompatibleValues(string value)
    {
        string newValue = string.Empty;
        bool found = false;

        foreach (char c in value)
        {
            if (XmlConvert.IsXmlChar(c))
                newValue += c.ToString();
            else
                found = true;
        }

        return newValue.ToString();
    }

lc。感谢您的代码！

score 0 · Accepted Answer

Microsoft 有一个用于导入/导出 Excel 文件的内置解决方案。它不是最直接的库，但通常比上面列出的其他库更好。

执行此操作所需的库包含在 Office 中，可以在 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel 的框架程序集列表下找到。

这是一些示例代码：

using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;

Excel.Application app = new Excel.Application();

//Open existing workbook
//Excel.Workbook workbook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(fileName);

//Create new workbook
Excel.Workbook workbook = app.Workbooks.Add();

Excel.Worksheet worksheet = workbook.ActiveSheet;

worksheet.Cells[1,1] = "Hello world!"; // Indexes start at 1, because Excel
workbook.SaveAs("C:\\MyWorkbook.xlsx");
workbook.Close();
app.Quit();

c# - c# (WinForms-App) 导出DataSet到Excel

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