当编译器捕获闭包中匿名方法使用的局部变量时,它通过生成特定于包含委托定义的方法范围的帮助类来实现。每个范围存在一个这样的方法,即使该范围内有多个委托也是如此。请参阅此处的 Eric Lippert 的解释 。
借鉴您的示例,请考虑以下程序:
using System;
namespace ConsoleApplication
{
internal class Program
{
private static void Main(string[] args)
{
F();
}
public static void F()
{
var rnd1 = new Random();
var rnd2 = new Random();
Action a1 = () => G(rnd1);
Action a2 = () => G(rnd2);
}
private static void G(Random r)
{
}
}
}
查看编译器生成的 IL,我们看到以下实现F()
:
.method public hidebysig static
void F () cil managed
{
// Method begins at RVA 0x205c
// Code size 56 (0x38)
.maxstack 2
.locals init (
[0] class ConsoleApplication.Program/'<>c__DisplayClass1_0' 'CS$<>8__locals0',
[1] class [mscorlib]System.Action a1,
[2] class [mscorlib]System.Action a2
)
IL_0000: newobj instance void ConsoleApplication.Program/'<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::.ctor()
IL_0005: stloc.0
IL_0006: nop
IL_0007: ldloc.0
IL_0008: newobj instance void [mscorlib]System.Random::.ctor()
IL_000d: stfld class [mscorlib]System.Random ConsoleApplication.Program/'<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::rnd1
IL_0012: ldloc.0
IL_0013: newobj instance void [mscorlib]System.Random::.ctor()
IL_0018: stfld class [mscorlib]System.Random ConsoleApplication.Program/'<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::rnd2
IL_001d: ldloc.0
IL_001e: ldftn instance void ConsoleApplication.Program/'<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::'<F>b__0'()
IL_0024: newobj instance void [mscorlib]System.Action::.ctor(object, native int)
IL_0029: stloc.1
IL_002a: ldloc.0
IL_002b: ldftn instance void ConsoleApplication.Program/'<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::'<F>b__1'()
IL_0031: newobj instance void [mscorlib]System.Action::.ctor(object, native int)
IL_0036: stloc.2
IL_0037: ret
} // end of method Program::F
注意第一条 IL 指令:IL_0000: newobj instance void ConsoleApplication.Program/'<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::.ctor()
它调用编译器生成的辅助类的默认构造函数——负责捕获闭包中的局部变量。
这是编译器生成的帮助器类的 IL:
.class nested private auto ansi sealed beforefieldinit '<>c__DisplayClass1_0'
extends [mscorlib]System.Object
{
.custom instance void [mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CompilerGeneratedAttribute::.ctor() = (
01 00 00 00
)
// Fields
.field public class [mscorlib]System.Random rnd1
.field public class [mscorlib]System.Random rnd2
// Methods
.method public hidebysig specialname rtspecialname
instance void .ctor () cil managed
{
// Method begins at RVA 0x20a3
// Code size 8 (0x8)
.maxstack 8
IL_0000: ldarg.0
IL_0001: call instance void [mscorlib]System.Object::.ctor()
IL_0006: nop
IL_0007: ret
} // end of method '<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::.ctor
.method assembly hidebysig
instance void '<F>b__0' () cil managed
{
// Method begins at RVA 0x20ac
// Code size 13 (0xd)
.maxstack 8
IL_0000: ldarg.0
IL_0001: ldfld class [mscorlib]System.Random ConsoleApplication.Program/'<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::rnd1
IL_0006: call void ConsoleApplication.Program::G(class [mscorlib]System.Random)
IL_000b: nop
IL_000c: ret
} // end of method '<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::'<F>b__0'
.method assembly hidebysig
instance void '<F>b__1' () cil managed
{
// Method begins at RVA 0x20ba
// Code size 13 (0xd)
.maxstack 8
IL_0000: ldarg.0
IL_0001: ldfld class [mscorlib]System.Random ConsoleApplication.Program/'<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::rnd2
IL_0006: call void ConsoleApplication.Program::G(class [mscorlib]System.Random)
IL_000b: nop
IL_000c: ret
} // end of method '<>c__DisplayClass1_0'::'<F>b__1'
} // end of class <>c__DisplayClass1_0
请注意,此帮助程序类具有和 rnd1
的字段rnd2
。
IL 级别的“最终”实现F()
类似于以下内容:
public static void F()
{
var closureHelper = new ClosureHelper();
closureHelper.rnd1 = new Random();
closureHelper.rnd2 = new Random();
Action a1 = closureHelper.MethodOne;
Action a2 = closureHelper.MethodTwo;
}
在哪里ClosureHelper
实现类似于:
internal class Program
{
public class ClosureHelper
{
public Random rnd1;
public Random rnd2;
void MethodOne()
{
Program.G(rnd1);
}
void MethodTwo()
{
Program.G(rnd2);
}
}
}
至于为什么 ReSharper 没有警告您在这种情况下发生了隐式捕获,我不知道。