c++ - 无法在 Ubuntu c++ 程序中使用 CBMC 进行验证 - 编译器 type_traits.h 模板特化，参数数量错误

Question

我正在尝试在 Ubuntu 中将CBMC Bounded Model Checker 用于 C 和 C++ 程序。我已经下载了 gcc (4.9 v) 和 g++ (4.9 v) 编译器，并通过终端安装了 CBMC。

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我能够使用以下过程验证 C 程序并且没有出现任何问题：

具有名称的 .c 文件file2.c：

int array[10];
int sum(){
unsigned i,sum;
sum=0;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
sum+=array[i];
}

在终端类型中：

cbmc file2.c --function sum

输出：

file file2.c: Parsing
Converting
Type-checking file2
Generating GOTO Program
Adding CPROVER library
Function Pointer Removal
Partial Inlining
Generic Property Instrumentation
Starting Bounded Model Checking
Unwinding loop c::sum.0 iteration 1 file file2.c line 5 function sum thread 0
Unwinding loop c::sum.0 iteration 2 file file2.c line 5 function sum thread 0
Unwinding loop c::sum.0 iteration 3 file file2.c line 5 function sum thread 0
Unwinding loop c::sum.0 iteration 4 file file2.c line 5 function sum thread 0
Unwinding loop c::sum.0 iteration 5 file file2.c line 5 function sum thread 0
Unwinding loop c::sum.0 iteration 6 file file2.c line 5 function sum thread 0
Unwinding loop c::sum.0 iteration 7 file file2.c line 5 function sum thread 0
Unwinding loop c::sum.0 iteration 8 file file2.c line 5 function sum thread 0
Unwinding loop c::sum.0 iteration 9 file file2.c line 5 function sum thread 0
Unwinding loop c::sum.0 iteration 10 file file2.c line 5 function sum thread 0
size of program expression: 71 steps
simple slicing removed 0 assignments
Generated 0 VCC(s), 0 remaining after simplification
VERIFICATION SUCCESSFUL

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当我尝试执行以下 .cpp 文件时出现错误。

sum_num.cpp文件：

// This program adds two numbers and prints their sum.
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
  int a;
  int b;
  int sum;

  sum = a + b;

  std::cout<<"The sum of "<<a<<" and "<<b<<" is "<<sum<<"\n";

  return 0;
}

输入终端：

cbmc sum_num.cpp --function main

输出 - 错误：

file sum_num.cpp: Parsing
Converting
Type-checking sum_num
file /usr/include/c++/4.9/ext/type_traits.h line 172: template specialization with wrong number of arguments
CONVERSION ERROR

Answer 1

显然，目前cbmc对模板的支持有限，并没有涵盖它们的所有潜在用途。

在情况发生变化之前，您可以：

1. 回滚到文件中没有此类模板使用的 c++ 发行版/usr/include/c++/4.9/ext/type_traits.h（4.8 也有，所以是较旧的）

2. 删除#include<iostream>并依赖标准 Cprintf()函数：

   #include<stdio.h>
   
   int main()
   {
       int a;
       int b;
       int sum;
   
       sum = a + b;
   
       printf("The sum of %d and %d is %d\n", a, b, sum);
   
       return 0;
   }
   

这两个建议都在这里提出。