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我正在使用价值分析为 Frama-C 开发插件。我只是想在每个语句之后打印变量(值)的状态(我认为解决方案很简单,但我想不通)。

我在访问者Db.Value.get_stmt_state的方法中得到了当前状态。vstmt_aux

我现在如何获取变量的值?

PS:我找到了这个帖子,但没有帮助,没有真正的解决方案,并且在描述的帮助下我无法做到: How to use functions in Value.Eval_expr, Value.Eval_op etc modules of Frama-c 价值插件

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1 回答 1

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这是一个具体示例,说明如何为每个局部和全局变量打印由给定函数中每个语句之前的 Value 计算的结果(从下到上读取函数):

open Cil_types

(* Prints the value associated to variable [vi] before [stmt]. *)
let pretty_vi fmt stmt vi =
  let kinstr = Kstmt stmt in (* make a kinstr from a stmt *)
  let lval = (Var vi, NoOffset) in (* make an lval from a varinfo *)
  let loc = (* make a location from a kinstr + an lval *)
    !Db.Value.lval_to_loc kinstr ~with_alarms:CilE.warn_none_mode lval
  in
  Db.Value.fold_state_callstack
    (fun state () ->
       (* for each state in the callstack *)
       let value = Db.Value.find state loc in (* obtain value for location *)
       Format.fprintf fmt "%a -> %a@." Printer.pp_varinfo vi
         Locations.Location_Bytes.pretty value (* print mapping *)
    ) () ~after:false kinstr

(* Prints the state at statement [stmt] for each local variable in [kf],
   and for each global variable. *)
let pretty_local_and_global_vars kf fmt stmt =
  let locals = Kernel_function.get_locals kf in
  List.iter (fun vi -> pretty_vi fmt stmt vi) locals;
  Globals.Vars.iter (fun vi _ -> pretty_vi fmt stmt vi)

(* Visits each statement in [kf] and prints the result of Value before the
   statement. *)
class stmt_val_visitor kf =
  object (self)
    inherit Visitor.frama_c_inplace
    method! vstmt_aux stmt =
      (match stmt.skind with
       | Instr _ ->
         Format.printf "state for all variables before stmt: %a@.%a@."
           Printer.pp_stmt stmt (pretty_local_and_global_vars kf) stmt
       | _ -> ());
      Cil.DoChildren
  end

(* usage: frama-c file.c -load-script print_vals.ml *)
let () =
  Db.Main.extend (fun () ->
      Format.printf "computing value...@.";
      !Db.Value.compute ();
      let fun_name = "main" in
      Format.printf "visiting function: %s@." fun_name;
      let kf_vis = new stmt_val_visitor in
      let kf = Globals.Functions.find_by_name fun_name in
      let fundec = Kernel_function.get_definition kf in
      ignore (Visitor.visitFramacFunction (kf_vis kf) fundec);
      Format.printf "done!@.")

这远非理想,而且输出比简单地使用更难看Cvalue.Model.pretty state,但它可以作为进一步修改的基础。

该脚本已使用 Frama-C Magnesium 进行了测试。

要检索语句~after:false的状态,只需将参数fold_state_callstack替换为~after:true。我以前版本的代码使用了一个已经为 pre-state 绑定了该值的函数,但是没有为 post-state 导出这样的函数,所以我们必须使用fold_state_callstack(顺便说一句更强大,因为它允许检索特定状态每个调用堆栈)。

于 2016-03-21T17:44:36.913 回答