python - Matplotlib：将颜色条添加到 cartopy 图像

Question

我正在从 中绘制国家cartopy，并从颜色图中添加颜色，如下所示：

cmap = plt.get_cmap('viridis')
norm = matplotlib.colors.Normalize(vmin=dfSingle.min(), vmax=dfSingle.max())

dfSingle[:] = norm(dfSingle).data


kw = dict(resolution='110m', category='cultural',
          name='admin_0_countries')
states_shp = shapereader.natural_earth(**kw)
shp = shapereader.Reader(states_shp)

ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())

for record, state in zip(shp.records(), shp.geometries()):
    try:
        colorNormalized = dfSingle[int(record.attributes['iso_n3'])]

        ax.add_geometries([state], ccrs.PlateCarree(),
                  facecolor=cmap(colorNormalized), edgecolor='black')
    except KeyError:
        ax.add_geometries([state], ccrs.PlateCarree(),
          facecolor='grey', edgecolor='black')

我的数据如下所示：

In [246]: dfSingle.head()
Out[246]: 
V2
12    0.179909
31    0.332297
32    0.642179
36    0.815429
48    0.215383

现在我想添加对应于标准化值的颜色条和cmap. 但是，我不断收到错误：

ax.get_figure().colorbar()
AttributeError: 'GeoAxesSubplot' object has no attribute 'colorbar'

cmap.colorbar
AttributeError: 'ListedColormap' object has no attribute 'colorbar'

foo = matplotlib.cm.ScalarMappable(cmap)
ax.get_figure().colorbar(foo)
TypeError: You must first set_array for mappable

foo.set_array(dfSingle.values)
ax.get_figure().colorbar(foo)
AttributeError: 'ListedColormap' object has no attribute 'autoscale_None'

这就是我的情节现在的样子：

如何添加颜色条？

Answer 1

解决方案是设置_A = []，而不是使用set_array()函数。

sm = plt.cm.ScalarMappable(cmap=cmap)
sm._A = []
cb = plt.colorbar(sm)
cb.set_ticks([])