我已经找到了一个答案，使用@Willeke的答案AXUIElementCopyElementAtPosition()来获取菜单。由于有多个停靠方向和隐藏，我不得不在 .h 文件中创建枚举，因为它比 0、1 或 2 更容易阅读。
// .h
typedef enum {
kDockPositionBottom,
kDockPositionLeft,
kDockPositionRight,
kDockPositionUnknown
} DockPosition;
typedef enum {
kDockAutohideOn,
kDockAutohideOff
} DockAutoHideState;
然后，我添加了获取这些状态的方法.m
// .m
- (DockPosition)dockPosition
{
NSRect screenRect = [[NSScreen mainScreen] frame];
NSRect visibleRect = [[NSScreen mainScreen] visibleFrame];
// Dont need to remove menubar height
visibleRect.origin.y = 0;
if (visibleRect.origin.x > screenRect.origin.x) {
return kDockPositionLeft;
} else if (visibleRect.size.width < screenRect.size.width) {
return kDockPositionRight;
} else if (visibleRect.size.height < screenRect.size.height) {
return kDockPositionBottom;
}
return kDockPositionUnknown;
}
- (DockAutoHideState)dockHidden
{
NSString *plistPath = [NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Library/Preferences/com.apple.dock.plist"];
NSDictionary *dockDict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:plistPath];
CFBooleanRef autohide = CFDictionaryGetValue((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)dockDict, @"autohide");
if (CFBooleanGetValue(autohide) == true) {
return kDockAutohideOn;
}
return kDockAutohideOff;
}
对于未知的停靠位置，我添加了以防它无法从屏幕位置计算它。
然后，我使用了一种方法从菜单栏中获取停靠项：
- (AXUIElementRef)getDockItemWithName:(NSString *)name
{
NSArray *anArray = [NSRunningApplication runningApplicationsWithBundleIdentifier:@"com.apple.dock"];
AXUIElementRef anAXDockApp = AXUIElementCreateApplication([[anArray objectAtIndex:0] processIdentifier]);
AXUIElementRef aList = [self copyAXUIElementFrom:anAXDockApp role:kAXListRole atIndex:0];
CFTypeRef aChildren;
AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(aList, kAXChildrenAttribute, &aChildren);
NSInteger itemIndex = -1;
for (NSInteger i = 0; i < CFArrayGetCount(aChildren); i++) {
AXUIElementRef anElement = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(aChildren, i);
CFTypeRef aResult;
AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(anElement, kAXTitleAttribute, &aResult);
if ([(__bridge NSString *)aResult isEqualToString:name]) {
itemIndex = i;
}
}
SafeCFRelease(aChildren);
if (itemIndex == -1) return nil;
// We have index now do something with it
AXUIElementRef aReturnItem = [self copyAXUIElementFrom:aList role:kAXDockItemRole atIndex:itemIndex];
SafeCFRelease(aList);
return aReturnItem;
}
这个SafeCFRelease()方法是一个非常简单的方法，它检查传递的值是否不是 nil，然后释放（之前有一些问题）。
void SafeCFRelease( CFTypeRef cf )
{
if (cf) CFRelease(cf);
}
这种方法[copyAXUIElementFrom: role: atIndex:]是@Willeke的一种方法，它回答了我的另一个问题：
- (AXUIElementRef)copyAXUIElementFrom:(AXUIElementRef)theContainer role:(CFStringRef)theRole atIndex:(NSInteger)theIndex {
AXUIElementRef aResultElement = NULL;
CFTypeRef aChildren;
AXError anAXError = AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(theContainer, kAXChildrenAttribute, &aChildren);
if (anAXError == kAXErrorSuccess) {
NSUInteger anIndex = -1;
for (id anElement in (__bridge NSArray *)aChildren) {
if (theRole) {
CFTypeRef aRole;
anAXError = AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue((__bridge AXUIElementRef)anElement, kAXRoleAttribute, &aRole);
if (anAXError == kAXErrorSuccess) {
if (CFStringCompare(aRole, theRole, 0) == kCFCompareEqualTo)
anIndex++;
SafeCFRelease(aRole);
}
}
else
anIndex++;
if (anIndex == theIndex) {
aResultElement = (AXUIElementRef)CFRetain((__bridge CFTypeRef)(anElement));
break;
}
}
SafeCFRelease(aChildren);
}
return aResultElement;
}
使用所有这些代码，我将其放入我的一种方法中：
// 检查是否在dock中（否则不能这样做）
if ([self isAppOfNameInDock:[appDict objectForKey:@"AppName"]]) {
// Get dock item
AXUIElementRef aDockItem = [self getDockItemWithName:[appDict objectForKey:@"AppName"]];
AXUIElementPerformAction(aDockItem, kAXShowMenuAction);
[NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:0.5];
CGRect aRect;
CFTypeRef aPosition;
AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(aDockItem, kAXPositionAttribute, &aPosition);
AXValueGetValue(aPosition, kAXValueCGPointType, &aRect.origin);
SafeCFRelease(aPosition);
CFTypeRef aSize;
AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(aDockItem, kAXSizeAttribute, &aSize);
AXValueGetValue(aSize, kAXValueCGSizeType, &aRect.size);
SafeCFRelease(aSize);
SafeCFRelease(aDockItem);
CGPoint aMenuPoint;
if ([self dockHidden] == kDockAutohideOff) {
switch ([self dockPosition]) {
case kDockPositionRight:
aMenuPoint = CGPointMake(aRect.origin.x - 18, aRect.origin.y + (aRect.size.height / 2));
break;
case kDockPositionLeft:
aMenuPoint = CGPointMake(aRect.origin.x + aRect.size.width + 18, aRect.origin.y + (aRect.size.height / 2));
break;
case kDockPositionBottom:
aMenuPoint = CGPointMake(aRect.origin.x + (aRect.size.width / 2), aRect.origin.y - 18);
break;
case kDockPositionUnknown:
aMenuPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0);
break;
}
} else {
NSRect screenFrame = [[NSScreen mainScreen] frame];
switch ([self dockPosition]) {
case kDockPositionRight:
aMenuPoint = CGPointMake(screenFrame.size.width - 18, aRect.origin.y + (aRect.size.height / 2));
break;
case kDockPositionLeft:
aMenuPoint = CGPointMake(screenFrame.origin.x + 18, aRect.origin.y + (aRect.size.height / 2));
break;
case kDockPositionBottom:
aMenuPoint = CGPointMake(aRect.origin.x + (aRect.size.width / 2), screenFrame.size.height - 18);
break;
case kDockPositionUnknown:
aMenuPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0);
break;
}
}
if ((aMenuPoint.x != 0) && (aMenuPoint.y != 0)) {
AXUIElementRef _systemWideElement = AXUIElementCreateSystemWide();
AXUIElementRef aMenu;
AXUIElementCopyElementAtPosition(_systemWideElement, aMenuPoint.x, aMenuPoint.y, &aMenu);
SafeCFRelease(_systemWideElement);
// Get menu items
CFTypeRef aMenuChildren;
AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(aMenu, kAXVisibleChildrenAttribute, &aMenuChildren);
NSRunningApplication *app = [[NSRunningApplication runningApplicationsWithBundleIdentifier:[appDict objectForKey:@"BundleID"]] objectAtIndex:0];
for (NSInteger i = 0; i < CFArrayGetCount(aMenuChildren); i++) {
AXUIElementRef aMenuItem = [self copyAXUIElementFrom:aMenu role:kAXMenuItemRole atIndex:i];
CFTypeRef aTitle;
AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue(aMenuItem, kAXTitleAttribute, &aTitle);
// Supports chrome, safari, and finder
if ([(__bridge NSString *)aTitle isEqualToString:@"New Window"] || [(__bridge NSString *)aTitle isEqualToString:@"New Finder Window"]) {
AXUIElementPerformAction(aMenuItem, kAXPressAction);
NSInteger numberOfWindows = [self numberOfWindowsOpenFromApplicationWithPID:[app processIdentifier]];
// Wait until open
while ([self numberOfWindowsOpenFromApplicationWithPID:[app processIdentifier]] <= numberOfWindows) {
}
break;
}
}
SafeCFRelease(aMenu);
SafeCFRelease(aMenuChildren);
}
}
这很复杂，但它确实有效。我可能无法解释它，但我已经对这段代码进行了压力测试，它工作得很好。
