我刚刚在我的 Linux Fedora (21) 上安装了 PostgreSQL (9.3) - 如下所示
yum 安装程序返回“已安装”，因为这是我第二次运行它，为您获取屏幕截图。
systemctl enable postgresq，似乎工作。至少它没有返回错误。
systemctl start postgresql 失败。日志显示“数据目录”/ConfigDir“不存在”所以我想这就是关键。
但是 /ConfigDir 确实存在。它是 /usr/local/pgsql/data 作为 Fedora PostgreSQL 安装的默认值。用户很难拥有它：postgres
我猜 postgres 服务器服务的启动失败是因为它无法看到目录，可能是因为它没有以 user:postgres 身份尝试。
但我不知道如何检查，也不知道如何修复它。
[martin@helium ~]$ sudo yum install postgresql-server postgresql-contrib
[sudo] password for martin:
Loaded plugins: langpacks
Package postgresql-server-9.3.9-1.fc21.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package postgresql-contrib-9.3.9-1.fc21.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[martin@helium ~]$ sudo systemctl enable postgresql
[martin@helium ~]$ sudo systemctl start postgresql
Job for postgresql.service failed. See "systemctl status postgresql.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[martin@helium ~]$ journalctl -xn
-- Logs begin at Fri 2014-12-26 16:16:25 CET, end at Sun 2016-02-07 14:35:11 CET. --
Feb 07 14:35:06 helium.hvidberg.net sudo[3466]: martin : TTY=pts/0 ; PWD=/home/martin ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/bin/systemctl start postgresql
Feb 07 14:35:06 helium.hvidberg.net sudo[3466]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root by martin(uid=0)
Feb 07 14:35:06 helium.hvidberg.net pg_ctl[3476]: FATAL: data directory "/ConfigDir" does not exist
Feb 07 14:35:11 helium.hvidberg.net pg_ctl[3476]: pg_ctl: could not start server
Feb 07 14:35:11 helium.hvidberg.net pg_ctl[3476]: Examine the log output.
Feb 07 14:35:11 helium.hvidberg.net systemd[1]: postgresql.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Feb 07 14:35:11 helium.hvidberg.net systemd[1]: Failed to start PostgreSQL database server.
-- Subject: Unit postgresql.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit postgresql.service has failed.
--
-- The result is failed.
Feb 07 14:35:11 helium.hvidberg.net systemd[1]: Unit postgresql.service entered failed state.
Feb 07 14:35:11 helium.hvidberg.net systemd[1]: postgresql.service failed.
Feb 07 14:35:11 helium.hvidberg.net sudo[3466]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
[martin@helium ~]$
更改为 root 可以看到 postgresql 数据目录
[root@helium data]# pwd
/usr/local/pgsql/data
[root@helium data]# ls -l
total 100
drwx------. 5 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:00 base
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:03 global
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:00 pg_clog
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 4476 Feb 6 19:00 pg_hba.conf
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 1636 Feb 6 19:00 pg_ident.conf
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:03 pg_log
drwx------. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:00 pg_multixact
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:03 pg_notify
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:00 pg_serial
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:00 pg_snapshots
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:05 pg_stat
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:05 pg_stat_tmp
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:00 pg_subtrans
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:00 pg_tblspc
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:00 pg_twophase
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 4 Feb 6 19:00 PG_VERSION
drwx------. 3 postgres postgres 4096 Feb 6 19:00 pg_xlog
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 20733 Feb 7 10:26 postgresql.conf
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 47 Feb 6 19:03 postmaster.opts
[root@helium data]#