c++ - Finding the type of an unknown object in C++

Question

There are many ways to check programs for memory leaks. You end up with that list of pointers to leaked memory blocks, but is there a good way to find out more information for each block? For example: if I know that the object was a string, the actual string value could make finding the leak a lot easier.

Is there a backdoor into RTTI that makes that possible?

Problems to solve would be that by the time you get the pointers the runtime system is already in a state of shutdown and you get raw memory block pointers instead of pointers to objects (though in many cases that might be the same).

Answer 1

RTTI 可能对您没有帮助。RTTI 仅在类具有虚拟方法时才有效，并且并非所有分配都是具有虚拟方法的对象。

您真正需要做的是有一些方法将堆栈跟踪附加到您的分配中。然后，您可以获得有关内存分配位置的信息。如果是泄漏内存的对象，您将寻找一个类构造函数。

无论如何，那里有这样的东西吗？是的。一个免费的 Windows 库是Visual Leak Detector。有更多功能齐全的商业产品（如 Bounds Checker 和 IBM 的 Rational Purify），但 VLD 效果很好。它无数次帮助我发现内存泄漏。

Answer 2

我使用 valgrind --leak-check=full，它会给我每个泄漏块的分配站点的堆栈跟踪。这些信息比类型信息更有用 。valgrind（发音像“Val grinned”）摇滚！

Answer 3

像诺曼一样，我提倡valgrind。这对于分析堆栈跟踪确实是一个很好的建议！

我在 KDevelop 中使用它。