1077

我在 Python 中有两个列表,如下所示:

temp1 = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four']
temp2 = ['One', 'Two']

我需要创建第三个列表,其中包含第二个列表中不存在的第一个列表中的项目。从我必须得到的例子中

temp3 = ['Three', 'Four']

有没有没有循环和检查的快速方法?

4

31 回答 31

1567

temp1要获取 in但不在 in 的元素temp2 :

In [5]: list(set(temp1) - set(temp2))
Out[5]: ['Four', 'Three']

注意它是不对称的:

In [5]: set([1, 2]) - set([2, 3])
Out[5]: set([1]) 

您可能期望/希望它等于set([1, 3]). 如果您确实想要set([1, 3])作为您的答案,您可以使用set([1, 2]).symmetric_difference(set([2, 3])).

于 2010-08-11T19:40:00.620 回答
576

现有的解决方案都提供以下一种或另一种:

  • 比 O(n*m) 性能更快。
  • 保留输入列表的顺序。

但到目前为止,还没有解决方案两者兼而有之。如果你想要两者,试试这个:

s = set(temp2)
temp3 = [x for x in temp1 if x not in s]

性能测试

import timeit
init = 'temp1 = list(range(100)); temp2 = [i * 2 for i in range(50)]'
print timeit.timeit('list(set(temp1) - set(temp2))', init, number = 100000)
print timeit.timeit('s = set(temp2);[x for x in temp1 if x not in s]', init, number = 100000)
print timeit.timeit('[item for item in temp1 if item not in temp2]', init, number = 100000)

结果:

4.34620224079 # ars' answer
4.2770634955  # This answer
30.7715615392 # matt b's answer

我提出的方法以及保留顺序也(略)比集合减法快,因为它不需要构造不必要的集合。如果第一个列表比第二个列表长得多并且散列很昂贵,则性能差异会更加明显。这是证明这一点的第二个测试:

init = '''
temp1 = [str(i) for i in range(100000)]
temp2 = [str(i * 2) for i in range(50)]
'''

结果:

11.3836875916 # ars' answer
3.63890368748 # this answer (3 times faster!)
37.7445402279 # matt b's answer
于 2010-08-11T19:44:47.700 回答
180

可以使用 python XOR 运算符来完成。

  • 这将删除每个列表中的重复项
  • 这将显示 temp1 与 temp2 和 temp2 与 temp1 的差异。

set(temp1) ^ set(temp2)
于 2016-07-07T07:50:04.143 回答
113
temp3 = [item for item in temp1 if item not in temp2]
于 2010-08-11T19:40:27.803 回答
23

可以使用以下简单函数找到两个列表(例如 list1 和 list2)之间的区别。

def diff(list1, list2):
    c = set(list1).union(set(list2))  # or c = set(list1) | set(list2)
    d = set(list1).intersection(set(list2))  # or d = set(list1) & set(list2)
    return list(c - d)

或者

def diff(list1, list2):
    return list(set(list1).symmetric_difference(set(list2)))  # or return list(set(list1) ^ set(list2))

通过使用上述功能,可以使用diff(temp2, temp1)或找到差异diff(temp1, temp2)。两者都会给出结果['Four', 'Three']。您不必担心列表的顺序或首先给出哪个列表。

Python 文档参考

于 2012-08-17T11:38:00.637 回答
23

如果您想要递归地进行差异,我已经为 python 编写了一个包: https ://github.com/seperman/deepdiff

安装

从 PyPi 安装:

pip install deepdiff

示例用法

输入

>>> from deepdiff import DeepDiff
>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> from __future__ import print_function # In case running on Python 2

相同的对象返回空

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3}
>>> t2 = t1
>>> print(DeepDiff(t1, t2))
{}

项目类型已更改

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3}
>>> t2 = {1:1, 2:"2", 3:3}
>>> pprint(DeepDiff(t1, t2), indent=2)
{ 'type_changes': { 'root[2]': { 'newtype': <class 'str'>,
                                 'newvalue': '2',
                                 'oldtype': <class 'int'>,
                                 'oldvalue': 2}}}

物品的价值发生了变化

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3}
>>> t2 = {1:1, 2:4, 3:3}
>>> pprint(DeepDiff(t1, t2), indent=2)
{'values_changed': {'root[2]': {'newvalue': 4, 'oldvalue': 2}}}

添加和/或删除的项目

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:4}
>>> t2 = {1:1, 2:4, 3:3, 5:5, 6:6}
>>> ddiff = DeepDiff(t1, t2)
>>> pprint (ddiff)
{'dic_item_added': ['root[5]', 'root[6]'],
 'dic_item_removed': ['root[4]'],
 'values_changed': {'root[2]': {'newvalue': 4, 'oldvalue': 2}}}

字符串差异

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":"world"}}
>>> t2 = {1:1, 2:4, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":"world!"}}
>>> ddiff = DeepDiff(t1, t2)
>>> pprint (ddiff, indent = 2)
{ 'values_changed': { 'root[2]': {'newvalue': 4, 'oldvalue': 2},
                      "root[4]['b']": { 'newvalue': 'world!',
                                        'oldvalue': 'world'}}}

字符串差异 2

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":"world!\nGoodbye!\n1\n2\nEnd"}}
>>> t2 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":"world\n1\n2\nEnd"}}
>>> ddiff = DeepDiff(t1, t2)
>>> pprint (ddiff, indent = 2)
{ 'values_changed': { "root[4]['b']": { 'diff': '--- \n'
                                                '+++ \n'
                                                '@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@\n'
                                                '-world!\n'
                                                '-Goodbye!\n'
                                                '+world\n'
                                                ' 1\n'
                                                ' 2\n'
                                                ' End',
                                        'newvalue': 'world\n1\n2\nEnd',
                                        'oldvalue': 'world!\n'
                                                    'Goodbye!\n'
                                                    '1\n'
                                                    '2\n'
                                                    'End'}}}

>>> 
>>> print (ddiff['values_changed']["root[4]['b']"]["diff"])
--- 
+++ 
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-world!
-Goodbye!
+world
 1
 2
 End

类型更改

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":[1, 2, 3]}}
>>> t2 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":"world\n\n\nEnd"}}
>>> ddiff = DeepDiff(t1, t2)
>>> pprint (ddiff, indent = 2)
{ 'type_changes': { "root[4]['b']": { 'newtype': <class 'str'>,
                                      'newvalue': 'world\n\n\nEnd',
                                      'oldtype': <class 'list'>,
                                      'oldvalue': [1, 2, 3]}}}

列出差异

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":[1, 2, 3, 4]}}
>>> t2 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":[1, 2]}}
>>> ddiff = DeepDiff(t1, t2)
>>> pprint (ddiff, indent = 2)
{'iterable_item_removed': {"root[4]['b'][2]": 3, "root[4]['b'][3]": 4}}

列出差异2:

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":[1, 2, 3]}}
>>> t2 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":[1, 3, 2, 3]}}
>>> ddiff = DeepDiff(t1, t2)
>>> pprint (ddiff, indent = 2)
{ 'iterable_item_added': {"root[4]['b'][3]": 3},
  'values_changed': { "root[4]['b'][1]": {'newvalue': 3, 'oldvalue': 2},
                      "root[4]['b'][2]": {'newvalue': 2, 'oldvalue': 3}}}

列出差异忽略顺序或重复:(使用与上述相同的字典)

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":[1, 2, 3]}}
>>> t2 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":[1, 3, 2, 3]}}
>>> ddiff = DeepDiff(t1, t2, ignore_order=True)
>>> print (ddiff)
{}

包含字典的列表:

>>> t1 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":[1, 2, {1:1, 2:2}]}}
>>> t2 = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3, 4:{"a":"hello", "b":[1, 2, {1:3}]}}
>>> ddiff = DeepDiff(t1, t2)
>>> pprint (ddiff, indent = 2)
{ 'dic_item_removed': ["root[4]['b'][2][2]"],
  'values_changed': {"root[4]['b'][2][1]": {'newvalue': 3, 'oldvalue': 1}}}

套:

>>> t1 = {1, 2, 8}
>>> t2 = {1, 2, 3, 5}
>>> ddiff = DeepDiff(t1, t2)
>>> pprint (DeepDiff(t1, t2))
{'set_item_added': ['root[3]', 'root[5]'], 'set_item_removed': ['root[8]']}

命名元组:

>>> from collections import namedtuple
>>> Point = namedtuple('Point', ['x', 'y'])
>>> t1 = Point(x=11, y=22)
>>> t2 = Point(x=11, y=23)
>>> pprint (DeepDiff(t1, t2))
{'values_changed': {'root.y': {'newvalue': 23, 'oldvalue': 22}}}

自定义对象:

>>> class ClassA(object):
...     a = 1
...     def __init__(self, b):
...         self.b = b
... 
>>> t1 = ClassA(1)
>>> t2 = ClassA(2)
>>> 
>>> pprint(DeepDiff(t1, t2))
{'values_changed': {'root.b': {'newvalue': 2, 'oldvalue': 1}}}

添加了对象属性:

>>> t2.c = "new attribute"
>>> pprint(DeepDiff(t1, t2))
{'attribute_added': ['root.c'],
 'values_changed': {'root.b': {'newvalue': 2, 'oldvalue': 1}}}
于 2014-09-27T21:30:22.630 回答
21

最简单的方法,

使用set().difference(set())

list_a = [1,2,3]
list_b = [2,3]
print set(list_a).difference(set(list_b))

答案是set([1])

可以打印为列表,

print list(set(list_a).difference(set(list_b)))
于 2017-11-30T12:59:00.407 回答
17

试试这个:

temp3 = set(temp1) - set(temp2)
于 2010-08-11T19:39:59.867 回答
15

如果您真的在研究性能,请使用 numpy!

这是 github 上的完整笔记本,其中包含 list、numpy 和 pandas 之间的比较。

https://gist.github.com/denfromufa/2821ff59b02e9482be15d27f2bbd4451

在此处输入图像描述

于 2015-08-07T15:30:58.147 回答
13

我会折腾,因为目前的解决方案都没有产生元组:

temp3 = tuple(set(temp1) - set(temp2))

或者:

#edited using @Mark Byers idea. If you accept this one as answer, just accept his instead.
temp3 = tuple(x for x in temp1 if x not in set(temp2))

像这个方向的其他非元组产生答案一样,它保持顺序

于 2010-08-11T19:42:06.130 回答
13

我想要一个需要两个列表并且可以做diffin 的东西bash。由于当您搜索“python diff two lists”时首先弹出此问题并且不是很具体,所以我将发布我想出的内容。

使用SequenceMatherfromdifflib你可以像一样比较两个列表diff。其他答案都不会告诉您差异发生的位置,但这个答案可以。一些答案仅在一个方向上给出了差异。一些重新排序元素。有些不处理重复项。但是这个解决方案让你在两个列表之间有一个真正的区别:

a = 'A quick fox jumps the lazy dog'.split()
b = 'A quick brown mouse jumps over the dog'.split()

from difflib import SequenceMatcher

for tag, i, j, k, l in SequenceMatcher(None, a, b).get_opcodes():
  if tag == 'equal': print('both have', a[i:j])
  if tag in ('delete', 'replace'): print('  1st has', a[i:j])
  if tag in ('insert', 'replace'): print('  2nd has', b[k:l])

这输出:

both have ['A', 'quick']
  1st has ['fox']
  2nd has ['brown', 'mouse']
both have ['jumps']
  2nd has ['over']
both have ['the']
  1st has ['lazy']
both have ['dog']

当然,如果您的应用程序做出与其他答案相同的假设,您将从中受益最多。但是,如果您正在寻找真正的diff功能,那么这是唯一的方法。

例如,没有其他答案可以处理:

a = [1,2,3,4,5]
b = [5,4,3,2,1]

但是这个可以:

  2nd has [5, 4, 3, 2]
both have [1]
  1st has [2, 3, 4, 5]
于 2016-03-07T22:23:30.943 回答
11

这可能比 Mark 的列表理解还要快:

list(itertools.filterfalse(set(temp2).__contains__, temp1))
于 2011-08-18T06:01:28.530 回答
11

这是Counter最简单情况的答案。

这比上面的双向差异要短,因为它只执行问题要求的内容:生成第一个列表中的内容而不是第二个列表中的内容的列表。

from collections import Counter

lst1 = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four']
lst2 = ['One', 'Two']

c1 = Counter(lst1)
c2 = Counter(lst2)
diff = list((c1 - c2).elements())

或者,根据您的可读性偏好,它会成为一个不错的单行:

diff = list((Counter(lst1) - Counter(lst2)).elements())

输出:

['Three', 'Four']

请注意,list(...)如果您只是对其进行迭代,则可以删除该调用。

由于此解决方案使用计数器,因此与许多基于集合的答案相比,它可以正确处理数量。例如在这个输入上:

lst1 = ['One', 'Two', 'Two', 'Two', 'Three', 'Three', 'Four']
lst2 = ['One', 'Two']

输出是:

['Two', 'Two', 'Three', 'Three', 'Four']
于 2017-02-07T03:26:27.973 回答
6

这里有一些简单的、保留顺序的方法来区分两个字符串列表。

代码

一种不寻常的方法,使用pathlib

import pathlib


temp1 = ["One", "Two", "Three", "Four"]
temp2 = ["One", "Two"]

p = pathlib.Path(*temp1)
r = p.relative_to(*temp2)
list(r.parts)
# ['Three', 'Four']

这假设两个列表都包含具有相同开头的字符串。有关更多详细信息,请参阅文档。请注意,与集合操作相比,它并不是特别快。


一个直接的实现,使用itertools.zip_longest

import itertools as it


[x for x, y in it.zip_longest(temp1, temp2) if x != y]
# ['Three', 'Four']
于 2018-05-10T01:35:40.463 回答
5

这是另一种解决方案:

def diff(a, b):
    xa = [i for i in set(a) if i not in b]
    xb = [i for i in set(b) if i not in a]
    return xa + xb
于 2014-03-29T02:36:31.237 回答
5

如果对 difflist 的元素进行排序和设置,则可以使用简单的方法。

list1=[1,2,3,4,5]
list2=[1,2,3]

print list1[len(list2):]

或使用本机设置方法:

subset=set(list1).difference(list2)

print subset

import timeit
init = 'temp1 = list(range(100)); temp2 = [i * 2 for i in range(50)]'
print "Naive solution: ", timeit.timeit('temp1[len(temp2):]', init, number = 100000)
print "Native set solution: ", timeit.timeit('set(temp1).difference(temp2)', init, number = 100000)

天真的解决方案:0.0787101593292

原生集解决方案:0.998837615564

于 2014-05-29T13:08:11.190 回答
5

我在游戏中为时已晚,但是您可以将上述一些代码的性能与此进行比较,两个最快的竞争者是,

list(set(x).symmetric_difference(set(y)))
list(set(x) ^ set(y))

我为初级编码表示歉意。

import time
import random
from itertools import filterfalse

# 1 - performance (time taken)
# 2 - correctness (answer - 1,4,5,6)
# set performance
performance = 1
numberoftests = 7

def answer(x,y,z):
    if z == 0:
        start = time.clock()
        lists = (str(list(set(x)-set(y))+list(set(y)-set(y))))
        times = ("1 = " + str(time.clock() - start))
        return (lists,times)

    elif z == 1:
        start = time.clock()
        lists = (str(list(set(x).symmetric_difference(set(y)))))
        times = ("2 = " + str(time.clock() - start))
        return (lists,times)

    elif z == 2:
        start = time.clock()
        lists = (str(list(set(x) ^ set(y))))
        times = ("3 = " + str(time.clock() - start))
        return (lists,times)

    elif z == 3:
        start = time.clock()
        lists = (filterfalse(set(y).__contains__, x))
        times = ("4 = " + str(time.clock() - start))
        return (lists,times)

    elif z == 4:
        start = time.clock()
        lists = (tuple(set(x) - set(y)))
        times = ("5 = " + str(time.clock() - start))
        return (lists,times)

    elif z == 5:
        start = time.clock()
        lists = ([tt for tt in x if tt not in y])
        times = ("6 = " + str(time.clock() - start))
        return (lists,times)

    else:    
        start = time.clock()
        Xarray = [iDa for iDa in x if iDa not in y]
        Yarray = [iDb for iDb in y if iDb not in x]
        lists = (str(Xarray + Yarray))
        times = ("7 = " + str(time.clock() - start))
        return (lists,times)

n = numberoftests

if performance == 2:
    a = [1,2,3,4,5]
    b = [3,2,6]
    for c in range(0,n):
        d = answer(a,b,c)
        print(d[0])

elif performance == 1:
    for tests in range(0,10):
        print("Test Number" + str(tests + 1))
        a = random.sample(range(1, 900000), 9999)
        b = random.sample(range(1, 900000), 9999)
        for c in range(0,n):
            #if c not in (1,4,5,6):
            d = answer(a,b,c)
            print(d[1])
于 2017-10-18T17:44:58.523 回答
5

这是@SuperNova答案的修改版本

def get_diff(a: list, b: list) -> list:
    return list(set(a) ^ set(b))
于 2021-04-26T01:49:09.897 回答
4

如果您遇到TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'您需要将列表或集合转换为元组,例如

set(map(tuple, list_of_lists1)).symmetric_difference(set(map(tuple, list_of_lists2)))

另请参阅如何比较 python 中的列表/集合列表?

于 2014-07-10T10:26:41.790 回答
4

假设我们有两个列表

list1 = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

从上面的两个列表可以看出,list2中存在1、3、5项,而7、9项不存在。另一方面,项目 1、3、5 存在于 list1 中,而项目 2、4 不存在。

返回包含项目 7、9 和 2、4 的新列表的最佳解决方案是什么?

上面的所有答案都找到了解决方案,现在什么是最优化的?

def difference(list1, list2):
    new_list = []
    for i in list1:
        if i not in list2:
            new_list.append(i)

    for j in list2:
        if j not in list1:
            new_list.append(j)
    return new_list

相对

def sym_diff(list1, list2):
    return list(set(list1).symmetric_difference(set(list2)))

使用 timeit 我们可以看到结果

t1 = timeit.Timer("difference(list1, list2)", "from __main__ import difference, 
list1, list2")
t2 = timeit.Timer("sym_diff(list1, list2)", "from __main__ import sym_diff, 
list1, list2")

print('Using two for loops', t1.timeit(number=100000), 'Milliseconds')
print('Using two for loops', t2.timeit(number=100000), 'Milliseconds')

返回

[7, 9, 2, 4]
Using two for loops 0.11572412995155901 Milliseconds
Using symmetric_difference 0.11285737506113946 Milliseconds

Process finished with exit code 0
于 2018-10-13T20:40:16.083 回答
3

如果您想要更像变更集的东西...可以使用 Counter

from collections import Counter

def diff(a, b):
  """ more verbose than needs to be, for clarity """
  ca, cb = Counter(a), Counter(b)
  to_add = cb - ca
  to_remove = ca - cb
  changes = Counter(to_add)
  changes.subtract(to_remove)
  return changes

lista = ['one', 'three', 'four', 'four', 'one']
listb = ['one', 'two', 'three']

In [127]: diff(lista, listb)
Out[127]: Counter({'two': 1, 'one': -1, 'four': -2})
# in order to go from lista to list b, you need to add a "two", remove a "one", and remove two "four"s

In [128]: diff(listb, lista)
Out[128]: Counter({'four': 2, 'one': 1, 'two': -1})
# in order to go from listb to lista, you must add two "four"s, add a "one", and remove a "two"
于 2015-12-17T22:20:50.253 回答
3

我们可以计算交集减去列表的并集:

temp1 = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four']
temp2 = ['One', 'Two', 'Five']

set(temp1+temp2)-(set(temp1)&set(temp2))

Out: set(['Four', 'Five', 'Three']) 
于 2017-04-21T11:34:24.817 回答
3

我更喜欢使用转换为集合,然后使用“difference()”函数。完整的代码是:

temp1 = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four'  ]                   
temp2 = ['One', 'Two']
set1 = set(temp1)
set2 = set(temp2)
set3 = set1.difference(set2)
temp3 = list(set3)
print(temp3)

输出:

>>>print(temp3)
['Three', 'Four']

这是最容易理解的,而且如果您在未来处理大数据,如果不需要重复,将其转换为集合将删除重复。希望能帮助到你 ;-)

于 2020-05-22T07:09:47.687 回答
2

arulmr解决方案的单行版本

def diff(listA, listB):
    return set(listA) - set(listB) | set(listA) -set(listB)
于 2014-06-26T11:54:59.967 回答
2

这可以用一行来解决。问题给出了两个列表(temp1 和 temp2),它们在第三个列表(temp3)中返​​回它们的差异。

temp3 = list(set(temp1).difference(set(temp2)))
于 2017-06-09T15:44:02.997 回答
2

我知道这个问题已经得到了很好的答案,但我希望使用numpy.

temp1 = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four']
temp2 = ['One', 'Two']

list(np.setdiff1d(temp1,temp2))

['Four', 'Three'] #Output
于 2021-01-24T10:38:43.090 回答
2

如果您应该从列表a中删除所有值,这些值存在于列表b中。

def list_diff(a, b):
    r = []

    for i in a:
        if i not in b:
            r.append(i)
    return r

list_diff([1,2,2], [1])

结果:[2,2]

或者

def list_diff(a, b):
    return [x for x in a if x not in b]
于 2021-02-17T13:06:06.730 回答
1

这是区分两个列表的简单方法(无论内容是什么),您可以得到如下所示的结果:

>>> from sets import Set
>>>
>>> l1 = ['xvda', False, 'xvdbb', 12, 'xvdbc']
>>> l2 = ['xvda', 'xvdbb', 'xvdbc', 'xvdbd', None]
>>>
>>> Set(l1).symmetric_difference(Set(l2))
Set([False, 'xvdbd', None, 12])

希望这会有所帮助。

于 2018-05-29T11:55:31.130 回答
0

您可以循环浏览第一个列表,对于不在第二个列表中但在第一个列表中的每个项目,将其添加到第三个列表中。例如:

temp3 = []
for i in temp1:
    if i not in temp2:
        temp3.append(i)
print(temp3)
于 2021-01-17T00:34:00.533 回答
-1
def diffList(list1, list2):     # returns the difference between two lists.
    if len(list1) > len(list2):
        return (list(set(list1) - set(list2)))
    else:
        return (list(set(list2) - set(list1)))

例如,如果list1 = [10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40]然后list2 = [25, 40, 35]返回的列表将是output = [10, 20, 30, 15]

于 2019-10-11T14:19:15.790 回答
-2

在@arkolec 的回答之后,这是一个用于比较列表、元组和集合的实用程序类:

from difflib import SequenceMatcher

class ListDiffer:

    def __init__(self, left, right, strict:bool=False):
        assert isinstance(left, (list, tuple, set)), "left must be list, tuple or set"
        assert isinstance(right, (list, tuple, set)), "right must be list, tuple or set"
        self.l = list(left) if isinstance(left, (tuple, set)) else left
        self.r = list(right) if isinstance(left, (tuple, set)) else right

        if strict:
            assert isinstance(left, right.__class__), \
                f'left type ({left.__class__.__name__}) must equal right type ({right.__class__.__name__})'

        self.diffs = []
        self.equal = []

        for tag, i, j, k, l in SequenceMatcher(None, self.l, self.r).get_opcodes():
            if tag in ['delete', 'replace', 'insert']:
                self.diffs.append((tag, i, j, k, l))
            elif tag == 'equal':
                [self.equal.append(v) for v in left[i:j]]
                


    def has_diffs(self):
        return len(self.diffs) > 0


    def only_left(self):
        a = self.l[:]
        [a.remove(v) for v in self.equal]
        return a

    def only_right(self):
        a = self.r[:]
        [a.remove(v) for v in self.equal]
        return a


    def __str__(self, verbose:bool=False):
        iD = 0
        sb = []
        if verbose:
            sb.append(f"left: {self.l}\n")
            sb.append(f"right: {self.r}\n")
            sb.append(f"diffs: ")
        for tag, i, j, k, l in self.diffs:
            s = f"({iD})"
            if iD > 0: sb.append(' | ')
            if tag in ('delete', 'replace'): s = f'{s} l:{self.l[i:j]}'
            if tag in ('insert', 'replace'): s = f'{s} r:{self.r[k:l]}'
            sb.append(s)
            iD = iD + 1

        if verbose:
            sb.append(f"\nequal: {self.equal}")
        return ''.join(sb)

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return "<ListDiffer> {}".format(self.__str__())

用法:

left = ['a','b','c']
right = ['aa','b','c','d']
# right = ('aa','b','c','d')
ld = ListDiffer(left, right, strict=True)
print(f'ld.has_diffs(): {ld.has_diffs()}')
print(f'ld: {ld}')
print(f'ld.only_left(): {ld.only_left()}')
print(f'ld.only_right(): {ld.only_right()}')

输出:

ld.has_diffs(): True
ld: (0) l:['a'] r:['aa'] | (1) r:['d']
ld.only_left(): ['a']
ld.only_right(): ['aa', 'd']

我不能谈论性能,但你可以用它ld.only_left()来获得你正在寻找的结果。

于 2021-10-30T20:21:30.837 回答