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我在 Apache tomcat8 java-8 Web 应用程序上运行示例 Spring 3.2+Hibernate+Postgres 9.4。我收到以下错误：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException：创建名为“employeeDao”的bean时出错：注入自动装配的依赖项失败；嵌套异常是 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException：无法自动装配字段：私有 org.hibernate.SessionFactory com.forum.dao.EmployeeDaoImpl.sessionFactory；嵌套异常是 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException：创建 ServletContext 资源 [/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml] 中定义的名称为“sessionFactory”的 bean 时出错：设置 bean 属性时无法解析对 bean 'dataSource' 的引用'数据源'; 嵌套异常是 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException：在 ServletContext 资源 [/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml] 中定义名称为“dataSource”的 bean 创建错误：设置属性值时出错；嵌套异常是：org.springframework.beans.PropertyBatchUpdateException；嵌套的PropertyAccessExceptions(1)是：PropertyAccessException 1：org.springframework.beans。MethodInvocationException：属性“driverClassName”抛出异常；嵌套异常是 java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/postgresql/Driver Unsupported major.minor 版本 52.0（无法加载类 org.postgresql.Driver）

src/resources 中的 database.properties 文件

database.driver=org.postgresql.Driver
database.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/sample
database.user=postgres
database.password=sujata
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update

spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-   3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">

<context:property-placeholder   location="classpath:resources/database.properties" />


<context:component-scan base-package="com.forum" />
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-   manager="hibernateTransactionManager"/>

<bean id="jspViewResolver"
      class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="viewClass"
        value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>


<bean id="dataSource"
      class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driver}" />
    <property name="url" value="${database.url}" />
    <property name="username" value="${database.user}" />
    <property name="password" value="${database.password}" />
</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory"
      class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

    <property name="annotatedClasses">
        <list>
            <value>com.forum.model.Employee</value>

        </list>
    </property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}  </prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>             
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>

<bean id="hibernateTransactionManager"
      class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

我已经尝试了所有可用的答案——检查了我的 JRE、JDK 合规级别、postgres 版本和相关的驱动程序、方言名称、正确的驱动程序。但问题仍然存在。该程序还可以完美地为 Mysql 运行。我已将 postgresql-9.4-1206-jdbc42.jar 放在 Web Content/WEB-INF/lib/ 文件夹中，并且没有通过 Add External Jars 将其包含在构建路径中。以下定义有什么问题？

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