我正在尝试使用 matplotlib - python 绘制折线图。
该图应如下图所示：
我曾经patches.PathPatch用特定的顶点和代码绘制上面的图像，但是在尝试将实时数据绘制在所需图形之上时，我遇到了一些技术问题。对于每个读数，图表都会重新生成（我总共得到 8 个数字，用于 8 个独特的读数）。我该如何阻止这种情况发生？我只需要上面的图像作为我的背景图（作为索引图），并在该图上方绘制实时数据......另外，有什么方法可以简化下面的代码？任何帮助将不胜感激
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.path import Path
import matplotlib.patches as patches
import serial # import Serial Library
import numpy # Import numpy
from drawnow import *
tempF= []
pressure=[]
arduinoData = serial.Serial('/dev/cu.AdafruitEZ-Link64b9-SPP', 9600) #Creating our serial object named arduinoData
plt.ion() #Tell matplotlib you want interactive mode to plot live data
cnt=0
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
def makeFig(): #Create a function that makes our desired plot
codes = [Path.MOVETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.CLOSEPOLY,
Path.MOVETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.CLOSEPOLY,
Path.MOVETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.CLOSEPOLY,
Path.MOVETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.CLOSEPOLY,
Path.MOVETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.CLOSEPOLY,
Path.MOVETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.CLOSEPOLY,
Path.MOVETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.LINETO,
Path.CLOSEPOLY,
]
verts1 = [
(0, 0), # left, bottom
(0, 23), # left, top
(1, 18), # right, top
(1, 0), # right, bottom
(0, 0), # ignored
(1, 0), # left, bottom
(1, 18), # left, top
(2, 16), # right, top
(2, 0), # right, bottom
(1, 0), # ignored
(2, 0), # left, bottom
(2, 16), # left, top
(3, 15), # right, top
(3, 0), # right, bottom
(2, 0), # ignored
(3, 0), # left, bottom
(3, 15), # left, top
(4, 14), # right, top
(4, 0), # right, bottom
(3, 0), # ignored
(4, 0), # left, bottom
(4, 14), # left, top
(5, 13), # right, top
(5, 0), # right, bottom
(4, 0), # ignored
(5, 0), # left, bottom
(5, 13), # left, top
(6, 12), # right, top
(6, 0), # right, bottom
(5, 0), # ignored
(6, 0), # left, bottom
(6, 12), # left, top
(7, 10), # right, top
(7, 0), # right, bottom
(6, 0), # ignored
]
verts2 = [
(0, 23), # left, bottom
(0, 45), # left, top
(1, 39), # right, top
(1, 18), # right, bottom
(0, 23), # ignored
(1, 18), # left, bottom
(1, 39), # left, top
(2, 38), # right, top
(2, 16), # right, bottom
(1, 18), # ignored
(2, 16), # left, bottom
(2, 38), # left, top
(3, 34), # right, top
(3, 15), # right, bottom
(2, 16), # ignored
(3, 15), # left, bottom
(3, 34), # left, top
(4, 30), # right, top
(4, 14), # right, bottom
(3, 15), # ignored
(4, 14), # left, bottom
(4, 30), # left, top
(5, 23), # right, top
(5, 13), # right, bottom
(4, 14), # ignored
(5, 13), # left, bottom
(5, 23), # left, top
(6, 19), # right, top
(6, 12), # right, bottom
(5, 13), # ignored
(6, 12), # left, bottom
(6, 19), # left, top
(7, 16), # right, top
(7, 10), # right, bottom
(6, 12), # ignored
]
verts3 = [
(0, 45), # left, bottom
(0, 50), # left, top
(1, 50), # right, top
(1, 39), # right, bottom
(0, 45), # ignored
(1, 39), # left, bottom
(1, 50), # left, top
(2, 50), # right, top
(2, 38), # right, bottom
(1, 39), # ignored
(2, 38), # left, bottom
(2, 50), # left, top
(3, 50), # right, top
(3, 34), # right, bottom
(2, 38), # ignored
(3, 34), # left, bottom
(3, 50), # left, top
(4, 46), # right, top
(4, 30), # right, bottom
(3, 34), # ignored
(4, 30), # left, bottom
(4, 46), # left, top
(5, 32), # right, top
(5, 23), # right, bottom
(4, 30), # ignored
(5, 23), # left, bottom
(5, 32), # left, top
(6, 28), # right, top
(6, 19), # right, bottom
(5, 23), # ignored
(6, 19), # left, bottom
(6, 28), # left, top
(7, 24), # right, top
(7, 16), # right, bottom
(6, 19), # ignored
]
verts4 = [
(0, 50), # left, bottom
(0, 60), # left, top
(1, 60), # right, top
(1, 50), # right, bottom
(0, 50), # ignored
(1, 50), # left, bottom
(1, 60), # left, top
(2, 60), # right, top
(2, 50), # right, bottom
(1, 50), # ignored
(2, 50), # left, bottom
(2, 60), # left, top
(3, 60), # right, top
(3, 50), # right, bottom
(2, 50), # ignored
(3, 50), # left, bottom
(3, 60), # left, top
(4, 60), # right, top
(4, 46), # right, bottom
(3, 50), # ignored
(4, 46), # left, bottom
(4, 60), # left, top
(5, 60), # right, top
(5, 32), # right, bottom
(4, 46), # ignored
(5, 32), # left, bottom
(5, 60), # left, top
(6, 60), # right, top
(6, 28), # right, bottom
(5, 32), # ignored
(6, 28), # left, bottom
(6, 60), # left, top
(7, 60), # right, top
(7, 24), # right, bottom
(6, 19), # ignored
]
path = Path(verts1, codes)
path2 = Path(verts2, codes)
path3 = Path(verts3, codes)
path4 = Path(verts4, codes)
patch = patches.PathPatch(path, facecolor='green', alpha=0.8)
patch2 = patches.PathPatch(path2, facecolor='orange', alpha=0.8)
patch3 = patches.PathPatch(path3, facecolor='red', alpha=0.8)
patch4 = patches.PathPatch(path4, facecolor='purple', alpha=0.8)
#ax.axhline(5, linestyle='--', color='k') # horizontal lines
#ax.axvline(0, linestyle='--', color='k') # vertical lines
ax.add_patch(patch)
ax.add_patch(patch2)
ax.add_patch(patch3)
ax.add_patch(patch4)
ax.set_xlim(0,7)
ax.set_ylim(0,60)
plt.grid()
plt.show()
plt.plot(tempF, 'ro-', label='sensor 1') #plot the temperature
plt.legend(loc='upper left') #plot the legend
plt.plot(pressure, 'bo-', label='sensor 2') #plot the temperature
plt.legend(loc='upper left')
while True: # While loop that loops forever
while (arduinoData.inWaiting()==0): #Wait here until there is data
pass #do nothing
arduinoString = arduinoData.readline() #read the line of text from the serial port
dataArray = arduinoString.split(',') #Split it into an array called dataArray
print dataArray[0]
print dataArray[1]
temp = float( dataArray[0]) #Convert first element to floating number and put in temp
P = float( dataArray[1]) #Convert second element to floating number and put in P
tempF.append(temp) #Build our tempF array by appending temp readings
pressure.append(P) #Building our pressure array by appending P readings
drawnow(makeFig) #Call drawnow to update our live graph
plt.pause(.000001) #Pause Briefly. Important to keep drawnow from crashing
cnt=cnt+1
if(cnt>150): #If you have 50 or more points, delete the first one from the array
tempF.pop(0) #This allows us to just see the last 50 data points
pressure.pop(0)