我为 owl-api 编写了一个外观，与颗粒推理器配对以轻松访问本体。它工作得很安静。然后我尝试将其打包为 OSGi Bundle，并通过其他服务的 TrackerService 使用它。owl-api 包需要 guava 和 trove 才能运行。对于 trove，没有捆绑包。即使在重新加载目标平台之后，颗粒罐在 Eclipse 中也没有被识别为包（我从 jpm4j 中获取它们）。所以我想把所有的罐子里的东西都挤进包里。
我阅读了很多使用捆绑包打包第三方 jar 的方法。我使用了 maven-bundle-plugin，在阅读了这个插件和 bndtools 的一些文档后，我决定使用conditional-package，因为这里描述了 pom 中的所有条目都传递给 bndtools。编译后，我的包没有打包 jar :(。然后我使用了embed-dependencies。它不起作用，因为瞬态依赖项在运行时不可用。所以我使用了embed-transient标签（我已经读过这是不好的风格）。Import-Package 部分自动填充了所有瞬态依赖项，因此我手动覆盖了它以消除有关未解决导入的错误。这行得通，我能够使用 owl-api 插入新属性、个人等（是的）。
当我尝试启动颗粒推理器时，我在运行时收到以下错误消息。我认为这又与我项目中的依赖关系有关。我已经知道当前的方式是错误的，但我找不到更好的方式。请帮助我在 OSGi 中正确进行依赖管理。
干杯，斯蒂芬
错误信息：
!ENTRY org.apache.felix.configadmin 4 0 2015-11-16 11:28:45.218
!MESSAGE [org.osgi.service.cm.ManagedService, id=28, bundle=7/initial@reference:file:..vdg.iCar.service]: Unexpected problem updating configuration vdg.iCar.service
!STACK 0
java.lang.Error: javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException: Provider for class javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory cannot be found
at javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverterImpl.<clinit>(DatatypeConverterImpl.java:892)
at javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter.initConverter(DatatypeConverter.java:140)
at javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter.parseFloat(DatatypeConverter.java:243)
at com.clarkparsia.pellet.datatypes.types.floating.XSDFloat.getValue(XSDFloat.java:81)
at com.clarkparsia.pellet.datatypes.types.floating.XSDFloat.getCanonicalRepresentation(XSDFloat.java:58)
at com.clarkparsia.pellet.datatypes.DatatypeReasonerImpl.getCanonicalRepresentation(DatatypeReasonerImpl.java:365)
at org.mindswap.pellet.ABox.createLiteral(ABox.java:1746)
at org.mindswap.pellet.ABox.addLiteral(ABox.java:1725)
at org.mindswap.pellet.KnowledgeBase.addPropertyValue(KnowledgeBase.java:974)
at com.clarkparsia.pellet.owlapiv3.PelletVisitor.visit(PelletVisitor.java:1103)
at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLDataPropertyAssertionAxiomImpl.accept(OWLDataPropertyAssertionAxiomImpl.java:119)
at com.clarkparsia.pellet.owlapiv3.PelletVisitor.visit(PelletVisitor.java:699)
at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyImpl.accept(OWLOntologyImpl.java:1516)
at com.clarkparsia.pellet.owlapiv3.PelletReasoner.refresh(PelletReasoner.java:967)
at com.clarkparsia.pellet.owlapiv3.PelletReasoner.<init>(PelletReasoner.java:345)
at com.clarkparsia.pellet.owlapiv3.PelletReasoner.<init>(PelletReasoner.java:304)
at com.clarkparsia.pellet.owlapiv3.PelletReasonerFactory.createReasoner(PelletReasonerFactory.java:71)
at de.dlr.vdg.ontology.osgi.impl.util.ReasonerUtil.getInferredOntology(ReasonerUtil.java:56)
at de.dlr.vdg.ontology.osgi.impl.util.ReasonerUtil.getInferredRelations(ReasonerUtil.java:304)
at de.dlr.vdg.ontology.osgi.impl.OntologyServiceImpl.startReasoning(OntologyServiceImpl.java:106)
at de.dlr.vdg.iCar.osgi.impl.iCarServiceImpl.start(iCarServiceImpl.java:67)
at de.dlr.vdg.iCar.osgi.Activator.updated(Activator.java:65)
at org.apache.felix.cm.impl.helper.ManagedServiceTracker.updated(ManagedServiceTracker.java:189)
at org.apache.felix.cm.impl.helper.ManagedServiceTracker.updateService(ManagedServiceTracker.java:152)
at org.apache.felix.cm.impl.helper.ManagedServiceTracker.provideConfiguration(ManagedServiceTracker.java:85)
at org.apache.felix.cm.impl.ConfigurationManager$ManagedServiceUpdate.provide(ConfigurationManager.java:1444)
at org.apache.felix.cm.impl.ConfigurationManager$ManagedServiceUpdate.run(ConfigurationManager.java:1400)
at org.apache.felix.cm.impl.UpdateThread.run(UpdateThread.java:103)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException: Provider for class javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory cannot be found
at javax.xml.datatype.FactoryFinder.findServiceProvider(FactoryFinder.java:304)
at javax.xml.datatype.FactoryFinder.find(FactoryFinder.java:268)
at javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory.newInstance(DatatypeFactory.java:145)
at javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverterImpl.<clinit>(DatatypeConverterImpl.java:890)
... 28 more
Caused by: java.util.ServiceConfigurationError: javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory: Provider org.apache.xerces.jaxp.datatype.DatatypeFactoryImpl not a subtype
at java.util.ServiceLoader.fail(ServiceLoader.java:239)
at java.util.ServiceLoader.access$300(ServiceLoader.java:185)
at java.util.ServiceLoader$LazyIterator.nextService(ServiceLoader.java:376)
at java.util.ServiceLoader$LazyIterator.next(ServiceLoader.java:404)
at java.util.ServiceLoader$1.next(ServiceLoader.java:480)
at javax.xml.datatype.FactoryFinder$1.run(FactoryFinder.java:297)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.xml.datatype.FactoryFinder.findServiceProvider(FactoryFinder.java:292)
... 31 more
POM 文件（重要部分）：
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<extensions>true</extensions>
<configuration>
<manifestLocation>META-INF</manifestLocation>
<instructions>
<Private-Package>${bundle.namespace}.*</Private-Package>
<Export-Package>${bundle.namespaceShared}</Export-Package>
<Bundle-SymbolicName>${bundle.symbolicName}</Bundle-SymbolicName>
<Bundle-Version>${project.version}</Bundle-Version>
<Bundle-Activator>${bundle.namespace}.Activator</Bundle-Activator>
<Bundle-RequiredExecutionEnvironment>JavaSE-1.8</Bundle-RequiredExecutionEnvironment>
<Embed-Dependency>*;scope=compile|runtime</Embed-Dependency>
<Embed-Transitive>true</Embed-Transitive>
<Import-Package>org.osgi.framework;version="[1.6,2)",org.osgi.se
rvice.cm;version="[1.4,2)",org.slf4j;version="[1.7,2)"</Import-Package>
<Bundle-ClassPath>.,{maven-dependencies}</Bundle-ClassPath>
</instructions>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
<overWriteReleases>false</overWriteReleases>
<overWriteSnapshots>false</overWriteSnapshots>
<overWriteIfNewer>true</overWriteIfNewer>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
<artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
<artifactId>org.osgi.compendium</artifactId>
<version>4.3.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sourceforge.owlapi</groupId>
<artifactId>owlapi-distribution</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
<type>bundle</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.ansell.pellet</groupId>
<artifactId>pellet-owlapiv3</artifactId>
<version>2.3.6-ansell</version>
<type>jar</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.ansell.pellet</groupId>
<artifactId>pellet-query</artifactId>
<version>2.3.6-ansell</version>
<type>jar</type>
</dependency>
</dependencies>