另一种选择:不创建 ODBC 驱动程序,而是实现一个后端,该后端与另一个数据库(例如 Postgresql 或 MySQL)使用的有线协议进行通信。
然后,您的用户可以下载并使用例如 Postgresql ODBC 驱动程序。
您选择模拟的确切后端数据库可能主要取决于线路协议格式的记录情况。
Postgres和MySQL都为其客户端-服务器协议提供了不错的文档。
下面是一个简单的 Python 2.7 服务器后端示例,它了解 Postgresql 有线协议的部分内容。示例脚本创建了一个侦听端口 9876 的服务器。我可以使用该命令psql -h localhost -p 9876
连接到该服务器。执行的任何查询都将返回一个结果集,其中包含列 abc 和 def 以及两行,所有值均为 NULL。
阅读 Postgresql 文档并使用诸如 wireshark 之类的东西来检查真实的协议流量将使实现与 Postgresql 兼容的后端变得非常简单。
import SocketServer
import struct
def char_to_hex(char):
retval = hex(ord(char))
if len(retval) == 4:
return retval[-2:]
else:
assert len(retval) == 3
return "0" + retval[-1]
def str_to_hex(inputstr):
return " ".join(char_to_hex(char) for char in inputstr)
class Handler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler):
def handle(self):
print "handle()"
self.read_SSLRequest()
self.send_to_socket("N")
self.read_StartupMessage()
self.send_AuthenticationClearText()
self.read_PasswordMessage()
self.send_AuthenticationOK()
self.send_ReadyForQuery()
self.read_Query()
self.send_queryresult()
def send_queryresult(self):
fieldnames = ['abc', 'def']
HEADERFORMAT = "!cih"
fields = ''.join(self.fieldname_msg(name) for name in fieldnames)
rdheader = struct.pack(HEADERFORMAT, 'T', struct.calcsize(HEADERFORMAT) - 1 + len(fields), len(fieldnames))
self.send_to_socket(rdheader + fields)
rows = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
DRHEADER = "!cih"
for row in rows:
dr_data = struct.pack("!ii", -1, -1)
dr_header = struct.pack(DRHEADER, 'D', struct.calcsize(DRHEADER) - 1 + len(dr_data), 2)
self.send_to_socket(dr_header + dr_data)
self.send_CommandComplete()
self.send_ReadyForQuery()
def send_CommandComplete(self):
HFMT = "!ci"
msg = "SELECT 2\x00"
self.send_to_socket(struct.pack(HFMT, "C", struct.calcsize(HFMT) - 1 + len(msg)) + msg)
def fieldname_msg(self, name):
tableid = 0
columnid = 0
datatypeid = 23
datatypesize = 4
typemodifier = -1
format_code = 0 # 0=text 1=binary
return name + "\x00" + struct.pack("!ihihih", tableid, columnid, datatypeid, datatypesize, typemodifier, format_code)
def read_socket(self):
print "Trying recv..."
data = self.request.recv(1024)
print "Received {} bytes: {}".format(len(data), repr(data))
print "Hex: {}".format(str_to_hex(data))
return data
def send_to_socket(self, data):
print "Sending {} bytes: {}".format(len(data), repr(data))
print "Hex: {}".format(str_to_hex(data))
return self.request.sendall(data)
def read_Query(self):
data = self.read_socket()
msgident, msglen = struct.unpack("!ci", data[0:5])
assert msgident == "Q"
print data[5:]
def send_ReadyForQuery(self):
self.send_to_socket(struct.pack("!cic", 'Z', 5, 'I'))
def read_PasswordMessage(self):
data = self.read_socket()
b, msglen = struct.unpack("!ci", data[0:5])
assert b == "p"
print "Password: {}".format(data[5:])
def read_SSLRequest(self):
data = self.read_socket()
msglen, sslcode = struct.unpack("!ii", data)
assert msglen == 8
assert sslcode == 80877103
def read_StartupMessage(self):
data = self.read_socket()
msglen, protoversion = struct.unpack("!ii", data[0:8])
print "msglen: {}, protoversion: {}".format(msglen, protoversion)
assert msglen == len(data)
parameters_string = data[8:]
print parameters_string.split('\x00')
def send_AuthenticationOK(self):
self.send_to_socket(struct.pack("!cii", 'R', 8, 0))
def send_AuthenticationClearText(self):
self.send_to_socket(struct.pack("!cii", 'R', 8, 3))
if __name__ == "__main__":
server = SocketServer.TCPServer(("localhost", 9876), Handler)
try:
server.serve_forever()
except:
server.shutdown()
命令行 psql 会话示例:
[~]
$ psql -h localhost -p 9876
Password:
psql (9.1.6, server 0.0.0)
WARNING: psql version 9.1, server version 0.0.
Some psql features might not work.
Type "help" for help.
codeape=> Select;
abc | def
-----+-----
|
|
(2 rows)
codeape=>
使用 Postgresql 协议的 ODBC 驱动程序也应该可以工作(但我还没有尝试过)。