c# - 如何使用 C# 创建 ODBC DSN 条目？

Question

我正在开发一个具有 C++ 扩展存储过程的遗留应用程序。此 xsproc 使用 ODBC 连接到数据库，这意味着它需要配置 DSN。

我正在更新安装程序（使用 Visual Studio 2008 安装项目创建），并希望有一个可以创建 ODBC DSN 条目的自定义操作，但我很难在 Google 上找到有用的信息。

任何人都可以帮忙吗？

Answer 1

我最终通过操纵注册表自己解决了这个问题。我创建了一个包含功能的类，我在这里包含了它的内容：

///<summary>
/// Class to assist with creation and removal of ODBC DSN entries
///</summary>
public static class ODBCManager
{
    private const string ODBC_INI_REG_PATH = "SOFTWARE\\ODBC\\ODBC.INI\\";
    private const string ODBCINST_INI_REG_PATH = "SOFTWARE\\ODBC\\ODBCINST.INI\\";

    /// <summary>
    /// Creates a new DSN entry with the specified values. If the DSN exists, the values are updated.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="dsnName">Name of the DSN for use by client applications</param>
    /// <param name="description">Description of the DSN that appears in the ODBC control panel applet</param>
    /// <param name="server">Network name or IP address of database server</param>
    /// <param name="driverName">Name of the driver to use</param>
    /// <param name="trustedConnection">True to use NT authentication, false to require applications to supply username/password in the connection string</param>
    /// <param name="database">Name of the datbase to connect to</param>
    public static void CreateDSN(string dsnName, string description, string server, string driverName, bool trustedConnection, string database)
    {
        // Lookup driver path from driver name
        var driverKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(ODBCINST_INI_REG_PATH + driverName);
        if (driverKey == null) throw new Exception(string.Format("ODBC Registry key for driver '{0}' does not exist", driverName));
        string driverPath = driverKey.GetValue("Driver").ToString();

        // Add value to odbc data sources
        var datasourcesKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(ODBC_INI_REG_PATH + "ODBC Data Sources");
        if (datasourcesKey == null) throw new Exception("ODBC Registry key for datasources does not exist");
        datasourcesKey.SetValue(dsnName, driverName);

        // Create new key in odbc.ini with dsn name and add values
        var dsnKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(ODBC_INI_REG_PATH + dsnName);
        if (dsnKey == null) throw new Exception("ODBC Registry key for DSN was not created");
        dsnKey.SetValue("Database", database);
        dsnKey.SetValue("Description", description);
        dsnKey.SetValue("Driver", driverPath);
        dsnKey.SetValue("LastUser", Environment.UserName);
        dsnKey.SetValue("Server", server);
        dsnKey.SetValue("Database", database);
        dsnKey.SetValue("Trusted_Connection", trustedConnection ? "Yes" : "No");
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Removes a DSN entry
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="dsnName">Name of the DSN to remove.</param>
    public static void RemoveDSN(string dsnName)
    {
        // Remove DSN key
        Registry.LocalMachine.DeleteSubKeyTree(ODBC_INI_REG_PATH + dsnName);

        // Remove DSN name from values list in ODBC Data Sources key
        var datasourcesKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(ODBC_INI_REG_PATH + "ODBC Data Sources");
        if (datasourcesKey == null) throw new Exception("ODBC Registry key for datasources does not exist");
        datasourcesKey.DeleteValue(dsnName);
    }

    ///<summary>
    /// Checks the registry to see if a DSN exists with the specified name
    ///</summary>
    ///<param name="dsnName"></param>
    ///<returns></returns>
    public static bool DSNExists(string dsnName)
    {
        var driversKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(ODBCINST_INI_REG_PATH + "ODBC Drivers");
        if (driversKey == null) throw new Exception("ODBC Registry key for drivers does not exist");

        return driversKey.GetValue(dsnName) != null;
    }

    ///<summary>
    /// Returns an array of driver names installed on the system
    ///</summary>
    ///<returns></returns>
    public static string[] GetInstalledDrivers()
    {
        var driversKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(ODBCINST_INI_REG_PATH + "ODBC Drivers");
        if (driversKey == null) throw new Exception("ODBC Registry key for drivers does not exist");

        var driverNames = driversKey.GetValueNames();

        var ret = new List<string>();

        foreach (var driverName in driverNames)
        {
            if (driverName != "(Default)")
            {
                ret.Add(driverName);
            }
        }

        return ret.ToArray();
    }
}

Answer 2

在chrfalch 的帖子之后，这里是一些用于更新 DSN 的示例代码（我知道 OP 要求创建，但是此代码很容易转换为您需要做的任何事情），使用 API 调用而不是通过注册表直接（使用来自pinvoke.net 页面的信息）：-

[DllImport("ODBCCP32.DLL", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
static extern bool SQLConfigDataSourceW(UInt32 hwndParent, RequestFlags fRequest, string lpszDriver, string lpszAttributes);

enum RequestFlags : int
{
    ODBC_ADD_DSN = 1,
    ODBC_CONFIG_DSN = 2,
    ODBC_REMOVE_DSN = 3,
    ODBC_ADD_SYS_DSN = 4,
    ODBC_CONFIG_SYS_DSN = 5,
    ODBC_REMOVE_SYS_DSN = 6,
    ODBC_REMOVE_DEFAULT_DSN = 7
}

bool UpdateDsnServer(string name, string server)
{
    var flag = RequestFlags.ODBC_CONFIG_SYS_DSN;
    string dsnNameLine = "DSN=" + name;
    string serverLine = "Server=" + server;

    string configString = new[] { dsnNameLine, serverLine }.Aggregate("", (str, line) => str + line + "\0");

    return SQLConfigDataSourceW(0, flag, "SQL Server", configString);
}

Answer 3

有一个 API 可以做这样的事情。使用 API 还将确保您的应用程序与较新版本的 Windows 保持兼容。API 可以在这里找到：

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms716476(VS.85).aspx

可以在 PInvoke.net 上找到在 c# 中调用此函数的 PInvoke。

Answer 4

有一个关于读取 ODBC 信息的 CodeProject 页面。

阅读它应该为您提供逆向工程编写所需的注册表项所需的信息。

从那个代码；

  private const string ODBC_LOC_IN_REGISTRY = "SOFTWARE\\ODBC\\";
  private const string ODBC_INI_LOC_IN_REGISTRY =
          ODBC_LOC_IN_REGISTRY + "ODBC.INI\\";

  private const string DSN_LOC_IN_REGISTRY =
          ODBC_INI_LOC_IN_REGISTRY + "ODBC Data Sources\\";

  private const string ODBCINST_INI_LOC_IN_REGISTRY =
          ODBC_LOC_IN_REGISTRY + "ODBCINST.INI\\";

  private const string ODBC_DRIVERS_LOC_IN_REGISTRY =
          ODBCINST_INI_LOC_IN_REGISTRY + "ODBC Drivers\\";

Answer 5

为 Barnwell 的代码 +1！

但是，我认为他的 DSNExists() 正在查询错误的键。我认为应该是这样的：

public static bool DSNExists(string dsnName) 
{ 
    var sourcesKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(ODBC_INI_REG_PATH + "ODBC Data Sources"); 
    if (sourcesKey == null) throw new Exception("ODBC Registry key for sources does not exist"); 

    return sourcesKey.GetValue(dsnName) != null; 
} 

Answer 6

感谢您提供此代码，我自己使用过。我不得不改变两件艰难的事情：

为了获得driverName我必须使用OpenSubKey而不是CreateSubKey获取值：

// Lookup driver path from driver name
var driverKey = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(
        ODBCINST_INI_REG_PATH + driverName);

由于我运行的是 Vista，我必须使用应用程序清单并将其设置requestedPrivileges为：

<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false"/>

以下文章帮助我找到了OpenSubKey问题：http ://www.daveoncsharp.com/2009/08/read-write-delete-from-windows-registry-with-csharp/

Answer 7

谢谢，如果你正在制作一个 dsn 到 excel，这是一个很大的帮助，也许需要添加这样的东西

 var dsnKeyEng = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(ODBC_INI_REG_PATH + dsnName + "\\Engines");
 var dsnKeyExl = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(ODBC_INI_REG_PATH + dsnName + "\\Engines\\Excel");

 dsnKeyExl.SetValue("FirstRowHasNames", 01);
 dsnKeyExl.SetValue("MaxScanRows", 8);
 dsnKeyExl.SetValue("Threads",3);
 dsnKeyExl.SetValue("UserCommitSync", "Yes")