171

我正在使用System.Diagnostics.Process我的应用程序中的类创建新进程。

我希望在/如果我的应用程序崩溃时终止这些进程。但是,如果我从任务管理器中终止我的应用程序,则不会终止子进程。

有没有办法让子进程依赖于父进程?

4

16 回答 16

183

这个论坛,归功于“乔希”。

Application.Quit()并且Process.Kill()是可能的解决方案,但已被证明是不可靠的。当你的主应用程序死掉时,你仍然有子进程在运行。我们真正想要的是让子进程在主进程死亡后立即死亡。

解决方案是使用“作业对象” http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682409(VS.85).aspx

这个想法是为您的主应用程序创建一个“作业对象”,并将您的子进程注册到该作业对象。如果主进程死亡,操作系统将负责终止子进程。

public enum JobObjectInfoType
{
    AssociateCompletionPortInformation = 7,
    BasicLimitInformation = 2,
    BasicUIRestrictions = 4,
    EndOfJobTimeInformation = 6,
    ExtendedLimitInformation = 9,
    SecurityLimitInformation = 5,
    GroupInformation = 11
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
{
    public int nLength;
    public IntPtr lpSecurityDescriptor;
    public int bInheritHandle;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION
{
    public Int64 PerProcessUserTimeLimit;
    public Int64 PerJobUserTimeLimit;
    public Int16 LimitFlags;
    public UInt32 MinimumWorkingSetSize;
    public UInt32 MaximumWorkingSetSize;
    public Int16 ActiveProcessLimit;
    public Int64 Affinity;
    public Int16 PriorityClass;
    public Int16 SchedulingClass;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct IO_COUNTERS
{
    public UInt64 ReadOperationCount;
    public UInt64 WriteOperationCount;
    public UInt64 OtherOperationCount;
    public UInt64 ReadTransferCount;
    public UInt64 WriteTransferCount;
    public UInt64 OtherTransferCount;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION
{
    public JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION BasicLimitInformation;
    public IO_COUNTERS IoInfo;
    public UInt32 ProcessMemoryLimit;
    public UInt32 JobMemoryLimit;
    public UInt32 PeakProcessMemoryUsed;
    public UInt32 PeakJobMemoryUsed;
}

public class Job : IDisposable
{
    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
    static extern IntPtr CreateJobObject(object a, string lpName);

    [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
    static extern bool SetInformationJobObject(IntPtr hJob, JobObjectInfoType infoType, IntPtr lpJobObjectInfo, uint cbJobObjectInfoLength);

    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    static extern bool AssignProcessToJobObject(IntPtr job, IntPtr process);

    private IntPtr m_handle;
    private bool m_disposed = false;

    public Job()
    {
        m_handle = CreateJobObject(null, null);

        JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION info = new JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION();
        info.LimitFlags = 0x2000;

        JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION extendedInfo = new JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION();
        extendedInfo.BasicLimitInformation = info;

        int length = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION));
        IntPtr extendedInfoPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(length);
        Marshal.StructureToPtr(extendedInfo, extendedInfoPtr, false);

        if (!SetInformationJobObject(m_handle, JobObjectInfoType.ExtendedLimitInformation, extendedInfoPtr, (uint)length))
            throw new Exception(string.Format("Unable to set information.  Error: {0}", Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()));
    }

    #region IDisposable Members

    public void Dispose()
    {
        Dispose(true);
        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
    }

    #endregion

    private void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        if (m_disposed)
            return;

        if (disposing) {}

        Close();
        m_disposed = true;
    }

    public void Close()
    {
        Win32.CloseHandle(m_handle);
        m_handle = IntPtr.Zero;
    }

    public bool AddProcess(IntPtr handle)
    {
        return AssignProcessToJobObject(m_handle, handle);
    }

}

看着构造函数...

JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION info = new JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION();
info.LimitFlags = 0x2000;

这里的关键是正确设置作业对象。在构造函数中,我将“限制”设置为 0x2000,这是JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE.

MSDN 将此标志定义为:

当作业的最后一个句柄关闭时,导致与作业关联的所有进程终止。

设置此类后……您只需将每个子进程注册到作业中。例如:

[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern uint GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hWnd, out uint lpdwProcessId);

Excel.Application app = new Excel.ApplicationClass();

uint pid = 0;
Win32.GetWindowThreadProcessId(new IntPtr(app.Hwnd), out pid);
 job.AddProcess(Process.GetProcessById((int)pid).Handle);
于 2011-01-11T12:02:28.707 回答
73

这个答案始于@Matt Howells 的出色答案以及其他答案(请参阅下面代码中的链接)。改进:

  • 支持 32 位和 64 位。
  • 修复了@Matt Howells 回答中的一些问题:
    1. 小的内存泄漏extendedInfoPtr
    2. 'Win32' 编译错误,以及
    3. 我在调用时遇到了堆栈不平衡异常CreateJobObject(使用 Windows 10、Visual Studio 2015、32 位)。
  • 命名作业,因此如果您使用 SysInternals,例如,您可以轻松找到它。
  • 有一个更简单的 API 和更少的代码。

以下是如何使用此代码:

// Get a Process object somehow.
Process process = Process.Start(exePath, args);
// Add the Process to ChildProcessTracker.
ChildProcessTracker.AddProcess(process);

要支持 Windows 7,需要:

就我而言,我不需要支持 Windows 7,因此我在下面的静态构造函数顶部进行了简单检查。

/// <summary>
/// Allows processes to be automatically killed if this parent process unexpectedly quits.
/// This feature requires Windows 8 or greater. On Windows 7, nothing is done.</summary>
/// <remarks>References:
///  https://stackoverflow.com/a/4657392/386091
///  https://stackoverflow.com/a/9164742/386091 </remarks>
public static class ChildProcessTracker
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Add the process to be tracked. If our current process is killed, the child processes
    /// that we are tracking will be automatically killed, too. If the child process terminates
    /// first, that's fine, too.</summary>
    /// <param name="process"></param>
    public static void AddProcess(Process process)
    {
        if (s_jobHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            bool success = AssignProcessToJobObject(s_jobHandle, process.Handle);
            if (!success && !process.HasExited)
                throw new Win32Exception();
        }
    }

    static ChildProcessTracker()
    {
        // This feature requires Windows 8 or later. To support Windows 7 requires
        //  registry settings to be added if you are using Visual Studio plus an
        //  app.manifest change.
        //  https://stackoverflow.com/a/4232259/386091
        //  https://stackoverflow.com/a/9507862/386091
        if (Environment.OSVersion.Version < new Version(6, 2))
            return;

        // The job name is optional (and can be null) but it helps with diagnostics.
        //  If it's not null, it has to be unique. Use SysInternals' Handle command-line
        //  utility: handle -a ChildProcessTracker
        string jobName = "ChildProcessTracker" + Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id;
        s_jobHandle = CreateJobObject(IntPtr.Zero, jobName);

        var info = new JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION();

        // This is the key flag. When our process is killed, Windows will automatically
        //  close the job handle, and when that happens, we want the child processes to
        //  be killed, too.
        info.LimitFlags = JOBOBJECTLIMIT.JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE;

        var extendedInfo = new JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION();
        extendedInfo.BasicLimitInformation = info;

        int length = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION));
        IntPtr extendedInfoPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(length);
        try
        {
            Marshal.StructureToPtr(extendedInfo, extendedInfoPtr, false);

            if (!SetInformationJobObject(s_jobHandle, JobObjectInfoType.ExtendedLimitInformation,
                extendedInfoPtr, (uint)length))
            {
                throw new Win32Exception();
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(extendedInfoPtr);
        }
    }

    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
    static extern IntPtr CreateJobObject(IntPtr lpJobAttributes, string name);

    [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
    static extern bool SetInformationJobObject(IntPtr job, JobObjectInfoType infoType,
        IntPtr lpJobObjectInfo, uint cbJobObjectInfoLength);

    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    static extern bool AssignProcessToJobObject(IntPtr job, IntPtr process);

    // Windows will automatically close any open job handles when our process terminates.
    //  This can be verified by using SysInternals' Handle utility. When the job handle
    //  is closed, the child processes will be killed.
    private static readonly IntPtr s_jobHandle;
}

public enum JobObjectInfoType
{
    AssociateCompletionPortInformation = 7,
    BasicLimitInformation = 2,
    BasicUIRestrictions = 4,
    EndOfJobTimeInformation = 6,
    ExtendedLimitInformation = 9,
    SecurityLimitInformation = 5,
    GroupInformation = 11
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION
{
    public Int64 PerProcessUserTimeLimit;
    public Int64 PerJobUserTimeLimit;
    public JOBOBJECTLIMIT LimitFlags;
    public UIntPtr MinimumWorkingSetSize;
    public UIntPtr MaximumWorkingSetSize;
    public UInt32 ActiveProcessLimit;
    public Int64 Affinity;
    public UInt32 PriorityClass;
    public UInt32 SchedulingClass;
}

[Flags]
public enum JOBOBJECTLIMIT : uint
{
    JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE = 0x2000
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct IO_COUNTERS
{
    public UInt64 ReadOperationCount;
    public UInt64 WriteOperationCount;
    public UInt64 OtherOperationCount;
    public UInt64 ReadTransferCount;
    public UInt64 WriteTransferCount;
    public UInt64 OtherTransferCount;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct JOBOBJECT_EXTENDED_LIMIT_INFORMATION
{
    public JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION BasicLimitInformation;
    public IO_COUNTERS IoInfo;
    public UIntPtr ProcessMemoryLimit;
    public UIntPtr JobMemoryLimit;
    public UIntPtr PeakProcessMemoryUsed;
    public UIntPtr PeakJobMemoryUsed;
}

通过以编程方式将托管版本和本机版本(总体大小以及每个成员的偏移量)相互比较,我仔细测试了 32 位和 64 位版本的结构。

我已经在 Windows 7、8 和 10 上测试了这段代码。

于 2016-05-04T18:07:39.093 回答
48

这篇文章旨在作为@Matt Howells 答案的扩展,特别是针对那些在Vista 或 Win7下使用 Job Objects 时遇到问题的人,尤其是当您在调用 AssignProcessToJobObject 时遇到访问被拒绝错误 ('5') 时。

tl;博士

为确保与 Vista 和 Win7 兼容,请将以下清单添加到 .NET 父进程:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
  <v3:trustInfo xmlns:v3="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
    <v3:security>
      <v3:requestedPrivileges>
        <v3:requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
      </v3:requestedPrivileges>
    </v3:security>
  </v3:trustInfo>
  <compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
    <!-- We specify these, in addition to the UAC above, so we avoid Program Compatibility Assistant in Vista and Win7 -->
    <!-- We try to avoid PCA so we can use Windows Job Objects -->
    <!-- See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3342941/kill-child-process-when-parent-process-is-killed -->

    <application>
      <!--The ID below indicates application support for Windows Vista -->
      <supportedOS Id="{e2011457-1546-43c5-a5fe-008deee3d3f0}"/>
      <!--The ID below indicates application support for Windows 7 -->
      <supportedOS Id="{35138b9a-5d96-4fbd-8e2d-a2440225f93a}"/>
    </application>
  </compatibility>
</assembly>

请注意,当您在 Visual Studio 2012 中添加新清单时,它将已包含上述代码段,因此您无需从 hear 中复制它。它还将包括一个适用于 Windows 8 的节点。

完整的解释

如果您正在启动的进程已经与另一个作​​业相关联,您的作业关联将失败并显示拒绝访问错误。进入程序兼容性助手,从 Windows Vista 开始,它会将各种进程分配给自己的作业。

在 Vista 中,您可以通过简单地包含应用程序清单来将您的应用程序标记为从 PCA 中排除。Visual Studio 似乎会自动为 .NET 应用程序执行此操作,所以你很好。

一个简单的清单不再削减它在 Win7 中。[1] 在那里,您必须使用清单中的标签明确指定您与 Win7 兼容。[2]

这让我开始担心 Windows 8。我需要再次更改清单吗?显然,云中有一个突破,因为 Windows 8 现在允许一个进程属于多个作业。[3] 所以我还没有测试它,但我想如果你简单地包含一个包含受支持操作系统信息的清单,这种疯狂现在就会结束。

提示 1:如果您像我一样使用 Visual Studio 开发 .NET 应用程序,这里 [4] 有一些关于如何自定义应用程序清单的很好的说明。

提示 2:从 Visual Studio 启动应用程序时要小心。我发现,在添加适当的清单后,从 Visual Studio 启动时 PCA 仍然存在问题,即使我使用 Start without Debugging 也是如此。但是,从 Explorer 启动我的应用程序是可行的。使用注册表手动添加 devenv 以从 PCA 中排除后,启动使用 VS 中的作业对象的应用程序也开始工作。[5]

提示 3:如果您想知道 PCA 是否是您的问题,请尝试从命令行启动您的应用程序,或者将程序复制到网络驱动器并从那里运行它。在这些情况下会自动禁用 PCA。

[1] http://blogs.msdn.com/b/cjacks/archive/2009/06/18/pca-changes-for-windows-7-how-to-tell-us-you-are-not-an -installer-take-2-because-we-changed-the-rules-on-you.aspx

[2] http://ayende.com/blog/4360/how-to-opt-out-of-program-compatibility-assistant

[3] http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms681949(v=vs.85).aspx:“一个进程可以与 Windows 8 中的多个作业相关联”

[4]如何将应用程序清单嵌入到使用 VS2008 的应用程序中?

[5]如何停止 Visual Studio 调试器在作业对象中启动我的进程?

于 2012-02-29T22:45:29.710 回答
16

当您可以控制子进程运行的代码时,这是一种可能适用于某些人的替代方法。这种方法的好处是它不需要任何本机 Windows 调用。

基本思想是将孩子的标准输入重定向到另一端连接到父母的流,并使用该流来检测父母何时离开。当您使用System.Diagnostics.Process启动孩子时,很容易确保其标准输入被重定向:

Process childProcess = new Process();
childProcess.StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo("pathToConsoleModeApp.exe");
childProcess.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;

childProcess.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true; // no sense showing an empty black console window which the user can't input into

然后,在子进程上,利用Read标准输入流中的 s 将始终返回至少 1 个字节的事实,直到流关闭时它们将开始返回 0 个字节。我最终这样做的方式概述如下;我的方式还使用消息泵来保持主线程可用于除观看标准之外的其他事情,但是这种通用方法也可以在没有消息泵的情况下使用。

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;

static int Main()
{
    Application.Run(new MyApplicationContext());
    return 0;
}

public class MyApplicationContext : ApplicationContext
{
    private SynchronizationContext _mainThreadMessageQueue = null;
    private Stream _stdInput;

    public MyApplicationContext()
    {
        _stdInput = Console.OpenStandardInput();

        // feel free to use a better way to post to the message loop from here if you know one ;)    
        System.Windows.Forms.Timer handoffToMessageLoopTimer = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer();
        handoffToMessageLoopTimer.Interval = 1;
        handoffToMessageLoopTimer.Tick += new EventHandler((obj, eArgs) => { PostMessageLoopInitialization(handoffToMessageLoopTimer); });
        handoffToMessageLoopTimer.Start();
    }

    private void PostMessageLoopInitialization(System.Windows.Forms.Timer t)
    {
        if (_mainThreadMessageQueue == null)
        {
            t.Stop();
            _mainThreadMessageQueue = SynchronizationContext.Current;
        }

        // constantly monitor standard input on a background thread that will
        // signal the main thread when stuff happens.
        BeginMonitoringStdIn(null);

        // start up your application's real work here
    }

    private void BeginMonitoringStdIn(object state)
    {
        if (SynchronizationContext.Current == _mainThreadMessageQueue)
        {
            // we're already running on the main thread - proceed.
            var buffer = new byte[128];

            _stdInput.BeginRead(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, (asyncResult) =>
                {
                    int amtRead = _stdInput.EndRead(asyncResult);

                    if (amtRead == 0)
                    {
                        _mainThreadMessageQueue.Post(new SendOrPostCallback(ApplicationTeardown), null);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        BeginMonitoringStdIn(null);
                    }
                }, null);
        }
        else
        {
            // not invoked from the main thread - dispatch another call to this method on the main thread and return
            _mainThreadMessageQueue.Post(new SendOrPostCallback(BeginMonitoringStdIn), null);
        }
    }

    private void ApplicationTeardown(object state)
    {
        // tear down your application gracefully here
        _stdInput.Close();

        this.ExitThread();
    }
}

这种方法的注意事项:

  1. 启动的实际子 .exe 必须是控制台应用程序,因此它仍然连接到 stdin/out/err。与上面的示例一样,我只需创建一个引用现有项目的小型控制台项目,实例化我的应用程序上下文并Application.Run()Main控制台.exe。

  2. 从技术上讲,这只是在父进程退出时向子进程发出信号,因此无论父进程正常退出还是崩溃,它都会起作用,但仍由子进程自行关闭。这可能是也可能不是你想要的......

于 2012-11-28T21:46:48.277 回答
13

还有另一种简单有效的相关方法可以在程序终止时完成子进程。您可以从父级实现并将调试器附加到它们;当父进程结束时,子进程将被操作系统杀死。它可以双向将调试器从子级附加到父级(请注意,您一次只能附加一个调试器)。您可以在此处找到有关该主题的更多信息。

在这里,您有一个实用程序类,它启动一个新进程并将调试器附加到它。它改编自Roger Knapp 的这篇文章。唯一的要求是两个进程需要共享相同的位数。您不能从 64 位进程调试 32 位进程,反之亦然。

public class ProcessRunner
{
    // see http://csharptest.net/1051/managed-anti-debugging-how-to-prevent-users-from-attaching-a-debugger/
    // see https://stackoverflow.com/a/24012744/2982757

    public Process ChildProcess { get; set; }

    public bool StartProcess(string fileName)
    {
        var processStartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo(fileName)
        {
            UseShellExecute = false,
            WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Normal,
            ErrorDialog = false
        };

        this.ChildProcess = Process.Start(processStartInfo);
        if (ChildProcess == null)
            return false;

        new Thread(NullDebugger) {IsBackground = true}.Start(ChildProcess.Id);
        return true;
    }

    private void NullDebugger(object arg)
    {
        // Attach to the process we provided the thread as an argument
        if (DebugActiveProcess((int) arg))
        {
            var debugEvent = new DEBUG_EVENT {bytes = new byte[1024]};
            while (!this.ChildProcess.HasExited)
            {
                if (WaitForDebugEvent(out debugEvent, 1000))
                {
                    // return DBG_CONTINUE for all events but the exception type
                    var continueFlag = DBG_CONTINUE;
                    if (debugEvent.dwDebugEventCode == DebugEventType.EXCEPTION_DEBUG_EVENT)
                        continueFlag = DBG_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED;
                    ContinueDebugEvent(debugEvent.dwProcessId, debugEvent.dwThreadId, continueFlag);
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            //we were not able to attach the debugger
            //do the processes have the same bitness?
            //throw ApplicationException("Unable to attach debugger") // Kill child? // Send Event? // Ignore?
        }
    }

    #region "API imports"

    private const int DBG_CONTINUE = 0x00010002;
    private const int DBG_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED = unchecked((int) 0x80010001);

    private enum DebugEventType : int
    {
        CREATE_PROCESS_DEBUG_EVENT = 3,
        //Reports a create-process debugging event. The value of u.CreateProcessInfo specifies a CREATE_PROCESS_DEBUG_INFO structure.
        CREATE_THREAD_DEBUG_EVENT = 2,
        //Reports a create-thread debugging event. The value of u.CreateThread specifies a CREATE_THREAD_DEBUG_INFO structure.
        EXCEPTION_DEBUG_EVENT = 1,
        //Reports an exception debugging event. The value of u.Exception specifies an EXCEPTION_DEBUG_INFO structure.
        EXIT_PROCESS_DEBUG_EVENT = 5,
        //Reports an exit-process debugging event. The value of u.ExitProcess specifies an EXIT_PROCESS_DEBUG_INFO structure.
        EXIT_THREAD_DEBUG_EVENT = 4,
        //Reports an exit-thread debugging event. The value of u.ExitThread specifies an EXIT_THREAD_DEBUG_INFO structure.
        LOAD_DLL_DEBUG_EVENT = 6,
        //Reports a load-dynamic-link-library (DLL) debugging event. The value of u.LoadDll specifies a LOAD_DLL_DEBUG_INFO structure.
        OUTPUT_DEBUG_STRING_EVENT = 8,
        //Reports an output-debugging-string debugging event. The value of u.DebugString specifies an OUTPUT_DEBUG_STRING_INFO structure.
        RIP_EVENT = 9,
        //Reports a RIP-debugging event (system debugging error). The value of u.RipInfo specifies a RIP_INFO structure.
        UNLOAD_DLL_DEBUG_EVENT = 7,
        //Reports an unload-DLL debugging event. The value of u.UnloadDll specifies an UNLOAD_DLL_DEBUG_INFO structure.
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct DEBUG_EVENT
    {
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] public DebugEventType dwDebugEventCode;
        public int dwProcessId;
        public int dwThreadId;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 1024)] public byte[] bytes;
    }

    [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern bool DebugActiveProcess(int dwProcessId);

    [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern bool WaitForDebugEvent([Out] out DEBUG_EVENT lpDebugEvent, int dwMilliseconds);

    [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern bool ContinueDebugEvent(int dwProcessId, int dwThreadId, int dwContinueStatus);

    [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    public static extern bool IsDebuggerPresent();

    #endregion
}

用法:

    new ProcessRunner().StartProcess("c:\\Windows\\system32\\calc.exe");
于 2014-06-03T10:25:07.090 回答
12

一种方法是将父进程的 PID 传递给子进程。如果具有指定 pid 的进程存在与否,子进程将定期轮询。如果没有,它就会退出。

您还可以在子方法中使用Process.WaitForExit方法,以便在父进程结束时收到通知,但在任务管理器的情况下它可能不起作用。

于 2010-07-27T11:09:28.063 回答
11

我正在寻找一个不需要非托管代码的解决方案。我也无法使用标准输入/输出重定向,因为它是一个 Windows 窗体应用程序。

我的解决方案是在父进程中创建一个命名管道,然后将子进程连接到同一个管道。如果父进程退出,则管道损坏,子进程可以检测到这一点。

下面是使用两个控制台应用程序的示例:

家长

private const string PipeName = "471450d6-70db-49dc-94af-09d3f3eba529";

public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Main program running");

    using (NamedPipeServerStream pipe = new NamedPipeServerStream(PipeName, PipeDirection.Out))
    {
        Process.Start("child.exe");

        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit");
        Console.ReadKey();
    }
}

孩子

private const string PipeName = "471450d6-70db-49dc-94af-09d3f3eba529"; // same as parent

public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Child process running");

    using (NamedPipeClientStream pipe = new NamedPipeClientStream(".", PipeName, PipeDirection.In))
    {
        pipe.Connect();
        pipe.BeginRead(new byte[1], 0, 1, PipeBrokenCallback, pipe);

        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit");
        Console.ReadKey();
    }
}

private static void PipeBrokenCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
{
    // the pipe was closed (parent process died), so exit the child process too

    try
    {
        NamedPipeClientStream pipe = (NamedPipeClientStream)ar.AsyncState;
        pipe.EndRead(ar);
    }
    catch (IOException) { }

    Environment.Exit(1);
}
于 2017-06-08T09:40:45.697 回答
5

使用事件处理程序对一些退出场景进行挂钩:

var process = Process.Start("program.exe");
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DomainUnload += (s, e) => { process.Kill(); process.WaitForExit(); };
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit += (s, e) => { process.Kill(); process.WaitForExit(); };
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += (s, e) => { process.Kill(); process.WaitForExit(); };
于 2017-07-24T17:24:50.160 回答
2

迄今为止提出的丰富解决方案的又一补充......

他们中的许多人的问题是他们依靠父子进程以有序的方式关闭,而在开发过程中并不总是如此。我发现每当我在调试器中终止父进程时,我的子进程经常被孤立,这需要我用任务管理器杀死孤立的进程以重建我的解决方案。

解决方案:在子进程的命令行中(或者在环境变量中侵入性更小)传入父进程 ID。

在父进程中,进程 ID 可用作:

Process.CurrentProcess().Id;

在子进程中:

Process parentProcess = Process.GetProcessById(parentProcessId);
parentProcess.Exited += (s, e) =>
{
    // clean up what you can.
    this.Dispose();
    // maybe log an error
    ....

    // And terminate with prejudice! 
    //(since something has already gone terribly wrong)
    Process.GetCurrentProcess().Kill();
};

对于这在生产代码中是否是可接受的做法,我有两种看法。一方面,这不应该发生。但另一方面,它可能意味着重新启动进程和重新启动生产服务器之间的区别。不应该发生的事情经常发生。

在调试有序关机问题时它肯定很有用。

于 2020-06-22T19:11:03.717 回答
1

我看到两个选项:

  1. 如果您确切知道可以启动哪些子进程,并且确定它们仅从您的主进程启动,那么您可以考虑简单地按名称搜索它们并杀死它们。
  2. 遍历所有进程并杀死以您的进程为父进程的每个进程(我想您需要先杀死子进程)。这里解释了如何获取父进程 ID。
于 2010-07-27T12:19:49.213 回答
1

我制作了一个子进程管理库,其中父进程和子进程通过双向 WCF 管道进行监控。如果子进程终止或父进程相互终止,则会收到通知。还有一个调试器助手可用,它自动将 VS 调试器附加到启动的子进程

项目地点:

http://www.crawler-lib.net/child-processes

NuGet 包:

https://www.nuget.org/packages/ChildProcesses https://www.nuget.org/packages/ChildProcesses.VisualStudioDebug/

于 2015-04-08T23:15:22.143 回答
1

只是我的 2018 版本。在您的 Main() 方法旁边使用它。

    using System.Management;
    using System.Diagnostics;

    ...

    // Called when the Main Window is closed
    protected override void OnClosed(EventArgs EventArgs)
    {
        string query = "Select * From Win32_Process Where ParentProcessId = " + Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id;
        ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(query);
        ManagementObjectCollection processList = searcher.Get();
        foreach (var obj in processList)
        {
            object data = obj.Properties["processid"].Value;
            if (data != null)
            {
                // retrieve the process
                var childId = Convert.ToInt32(data);
                var childProcess = Process.GetProcessById(childId);

                // ensure the current process is still live
                if (childProcess != null) childProcess.Kill();
            }
        }
        Environment.Exit(0);
    }
于 2018-10-28T13:39:44.897 回答
0

在进程开始后调用 job.AddProcess 更好:

prc.Start();
job.AddProcess(prc.Handle);

在终止前调用 AddProcess 时,不会杀死子进程。(Windows 7 SP1)

private void KillProcess(Process proc)
{
    var job = new Job();
    job.AddProcess(proc.Handle);
    job.Close();
}
于 2013-08-07T11:52:38.667 回答
0

对我有用的解决方案:

创建进程时添加标签process.EnableRaisingEvents = true;

csc = new Process();
csc.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
csc.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
csc.StartInfo.FileName = Path.Combine(HLib.path_dataFolder, "csc.exe");
csc.StartInfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;
csc.StartInfo.ErrorDialog = false;
csc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;
csc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
csc.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
csc.Start();
于 2020-07-26T07:19:34.710 回答
0

我有同样的问题。如果我的主应用程序崩溃,我正在创建永远不会被杀死的子进程。调试时我不得不手动销毁子进程。我发现没有必要让孩子在某种程度上依赖父母。在我的主要内容中,我添加了一个 try catch 以在退出时对子进程执行 CleanUp()。

    static void Main()
    {
        Application.EnableVisualStyles();
        Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
        try
        {
            Application.Run(new frmMonitorSensors());
        }
        catch(Exception ex)
        {
            CleanUp();
            ErrorLogging.Add(ex.ToString());
        }
    }

    static private void CleanUp()
    {
        List<string> processesToKill = new List<string>() { "Process1", "Process2" };
        foreach (string toKill in processesToKill)
        {
            Process[] processes = Process.GetProcessesByName(toKill);
            foreach (Process p in processes)
            {
                p.Kill();
            }
        }
    }
于 2020-08-26T00:53:12.177 回答
0

如果你能抓住情况,当你的进程树应该被杀死时,因为 .NET 5.0 (.NET Core 3.0) 你可以使用Process.Kill(bool entireProcessTree)

于 2021-01-14T10:24:38.090 回答