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我已经实现了一个简单的 DNS 服务器。它只是以 TXT 记录作为响应。我将脚本托管为 example.com 的 NS 服务器。NS 服务器是 xyzk 当我发出类似的问题时它工作正常:

$ dig demo.example.com @x.y.z.k

; <<>> DiG 9.3.6-P1-RedHat-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.1 <<>> demo.example.com @x.y.z.k
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10028
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;demo.example.com. IN A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
demo.example.com. 1000 IN TXT "test message"

但是当我从其中一个公共名称服务器(例如 Sun 的 DNS 4.2.2.1)提出相同的问题时,它不起作用:

$ dig demo.example.com @4.2.2.1(当我发布时我得到同样的东西$ dig demo.example.com @4.2.2.1 TXT

; <<>> DiG 9.3.6-P1-RedHat-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.1 <<>> demo.example.com
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 10905
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;demo.example.com. IN A

;; Query time: 5837 msec
;; SERVER: 172.16.1.1#53(172.16.1.1)
;; WHEN: Tue Jul 20 04:01:27 2010
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 75

你们知道出了什么问题吗?有趣的是,如果我将响应类型更改为 CNAME 而不是 TXT,它可以正常工作。

def dns_respond(resp, q, data_type):
    rrset = dns.rrset.from_text(q.name, 1000,
           dns.rdataclass.IN, dns.rdatatype.TXT, 'test message')
    resp.answer.append(rrset)
    return resp

def dns_ok(resp, q, data = None, msg = ''):
    return dns_respond(resp = resp, q = q, data_type = 'OK')

def dns_error(resp, q):
    return dns_respond(resp = resp, q = q, data_type = 'Error')

def requestHandler(address, message):
    resp = None
    message_id = ord(message[0]) * 256 + ord(message[1])
    logging.debug('msg id = ' + str(message_id))
    if message_id in serving_ids:
        # the request is already taken, drop this message
        logging.debug('I am already serving this request.')
        return
    serving_ids.append(message_id)
    msg = dns.message.from_wire(message)
    op = msg.opcode()
    if op == 0:
        # standard and inverse query
        qs = msg.question
        if len(qs) > 0:
            q = qs[0]
            logging.debug('request is ' + str(q))
            if q.rdtype == dns.rdatatype.A:
                resp = std_qry(msg)
            else:
                # not implemented
                #resp = std_qry(msg)
                resp = make_response(qry=msg, RCODE=4)   
    else:
        # not implemented
        resp = make_response(qry=msg, RCODE=4)   

    if resp:
        s.sendto(resp.to_wire(), address)

def std_qry(msg):
    qs = msg.question
    logging.debug(str(len(qs)) + ' questions.')

    answers = []
    nxdomain = False
    for q in qs:
        resp = make_response(qry=msg)
        logging.critical('Sending...')
        return dns_ok(resp, q)

def make_response(qry=None, id=None, RCODE=0):
    if qry is None and id is None:
        raise Exception, 'bad use of make_response'
    if qry is None:
        resp = dns.message.Message(id)
        # QR = 1
        resp.flags |= dns.flags.QR
        if RCODE != 1:
            raise Exception, 'bad use of make_response'
    else:
        resp = dns.message.make_response(qry)
    #resp.flags |= dns.flags.AA
    resp.flags |= dns.flags.RA
    resp.set_rcode(RCODE)
    return resp
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
s.bind(('', 53))
logging.debug('binded to UDP port 53.')
serving_ids = []

while True:
    logging.debug('waiting requests.')
    message, address = s.recvfrom(1024)
    logging.debug('serving a request.')
    requestHandler(address, message)
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1 回答 1

3

我可以看到一些真正的错误会阻止这个工作:

  1. 您正在将TXT记录返回到A记录查询 - 这可能是显示停止器。
  2. 您应该返回AA标志(权威答案)而不是RA
  3. 你的标题说权威和附加部分有两个答案,但没有
  4. 一旦实际提供了服务 ID,您就不会从列表中删除它们

此外,还有一些与协议相关的问题需要修复:

  1. 您需要能够在被要求时返回NS记录和SOA记录,否则您的委托可能无法可靠地工作
  2. 查询匹配应该使用整个 (source IP, source port, queryID) 元组,而不仅仅是 (queryID)
  3. 如果问题名称在正确的域中,而不是在正确的子域中,您应该返回NXDOMAIN(rcode = 3)
  4. 如果问题名称与正确的子域匹配但记录类型错误,则应返回NOERROR(rcode = 0) 而不是NOTIMPL
  5. 如果问题名称根本不是正确域的一部分,则应返回REFUSED(rcode = 5)
于 2010-07-24T06:51:14.363 回答