EditText
在Android中限制文本长度的最佳方法是什么?
有没有办法通过xml做到这一点?
使用输入过滤器来限制文本视图的最大长度。
TextView editEntryView = new TextView(...);
InputFilter[] filterArray = new InputFilter[1];
filterArray[0] = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(8);
editEntryView.setFilters(filterArray);
EditText editText = new EditText(this);
int maxLength = 3;
editText.setFilters(new InputFilter[] {new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength)});
给已经在使用自定义输入过滤器并希望限制最大长度的人的说明:
当您在代码中分配输入过滤器时,所有先前设置的输入过滤器都会被清除,包括一组带有android:maxLength
. 我在尝试使用自定义输入过滤器来防止在密码字段中使用我们不允许的某些字符时发现了这一点。使用 setFilters 设置该过滤器后,不再观察到 maxLength。解决方案是以编程方式将 maxLength 和我的自定义过滤器设置在一起。像这样的东西:
myEditText.setFilters(new InputFilter[] {
new PasswordCharFilter(), new InputFilter.LengthFilter(20)
});
我遇到了这个问题,我认为我们缺少一种很好解释的方式来以编程方式执行此操作而不会丢失已经设置的过滤器。
在 XML 中设置长度:
正如接受的答案正确指出的那样,如果您想为 EditText 定义一个固定长度,您将来不会进一步更改,只需在您的 EditText XML 中定义:
android:maxLength="10"
以编程方式设置长度
要以编程方式设置长度,您需要通过InputFilter
. 但是,如果您创建一个新的 InputFilter 并将其设置为EditText
您将丢失所有其他已定义的过滤器(例如 maxLines、inputType 等),您可能通过 XML 或以编程方式添加这些过滤器。
所以这是错误的:
editText.setFilters(new InputFilter[] {new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength)});
为避免丢失以前添加的过滤器,您需要获取这些过滤器,添加新过滤器(在本例中为 maxLength),并将过滤器设置回EditText
如下:
爪哇
InputFilter[] editFilters = editText.getFilters();
InputFilter[] newFilters = new InputFilter[editFilters.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(editFilters, 0, newFilters, 0, editFilters.length);
newFilters[editFilters.length] = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength);
editText.setFilters(newFilters);
然而, Kotlin让每个人都更容易,您还需要将过滤器添加到现有的过滤器中,但您可以通过简单的方式实现:
editText.filters += InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength)
TextView tv = new TextView(this);
tv.setFilters(new InputFilter[]{ new InputFilter.LengthFilter(250) });
对于其他想知道如何实现这一点的人,这是我的扩展EditText
类EditTextNumeric
。
.setMaxLength(int)
- 设置最大位数
.setMaxValue(int)
- 限制最大整数值
.setMin(int)
- 限制最小整数值
.getValue()
- 获取整数值
import android.content.Context;
import android.text.InputFilter;
import android.text.InputType;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class EditTextNumeric extends EditText {
protected int max_value = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
protected int min_value = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
// constructor
public EditTextNumeric(Context context) {
super(context);
this.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_CLASS_NUMBER);
}
// checks whether the limits are set and corrects them if not within limits
@Override
protected void onTextChanged(CharSequence text, int start, int before, int after) {
if (max_value != Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
try {
if (Integer.parseInt(this.getText().toString()) > max_value) {
// change value and keep cursor position
int selection = this.getSelectionStart();
this.setText(String.valueOf(max_value));
if (selection >= this.getText().toString().length()) {
selection = this.getText().toString().length();
}
this.setSelection(selection);
}
} catch (NumberFormatException exception) {
super.onTextChanged(text, start, before, after);
}
}
if (min_value != Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
try {
if (Integer.parseInt(this.getText().toString()) < min_value) {
// change value and keep cursor position
int selection = this.getSelectionStart();
this.setText(String.valueOf(min_value));
if (selection >= this.getText().toString().length()) {
selection = this.getText().toString().length();
}
this.setSelection(selection);
}
} catch (NumberFormatException exception) {
super.onTextChanged(text, start, before, after);
}
}
super.onTextChanged(text, start, before, after);
}
// set the max number of digits the user can enter
public void setMaxLength(int length) {
InputFilter[] FilterArray = new InputFilter[1];
FilterArray[0] = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(length);
this.setFilters(FilterArray);
}
// set the maximum integer value the user can enter.
// if exeeded, input value will become equal to the set limit
public void setMaxValue(int value) {
max_value = value;
}
// set the minimum integer value the user can enter.
// if entered value is inferior, input value will become equal to the set limit
public void setMinValue(int value) {
min_value = value;
}
// returns integer value or 0 if errorous value
public int getValue() {
try {
return Integer.parseInt(this.getText().toString());
} catch (NumberFormatException exception) {
return 0;
}
}
}
示例用法:
final EditTextNumeric input = new EditTextNumeric(this);
input.setMaxLength(5);
input.setMaxValue(total_pages);
input.setMinValue(1);
适用于 的所有其他方法和属性EditText
当然也有效。
xml
android:maxLength="10"
爪哇:
InputFilter[] editFilters = editText.getFilters();
InputFilter[] newFilters = new InputFilter[editFilters.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(editFilters, 0, newFilters, 0, editFilters.length);
newFilters[editFilters.length] = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength);
editText.setFilters(newFilters);
科特林:
editText.filters += InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength)
由于 goto10 的观察,我将以下代码放在一起,以防止通过设置最大长度而丢失其他过滤器:
/**
* This sets the maximum length in characters of an EditText view. Since the
* max length must be done with a filter, this method gets the current
* filters. If there is already a length filter in the view, it will replace
* it, otherwise, it will add the max length filter preserving the other
*
* @param view
* @param length
*/
public static void setMaxLength(EditText view, int length) {
InputFilter curFilters[];
InputFilter.LengthFilter lengthFilter;
int idx;
lengthFilter = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(length);
curFilters = view.getFilters();
if (curFilters != null) {
for (idx = 0; idx < curFilters.length; idx++) {
if (curFilters[idx] instanceof InputFilter.LengthFilter) {
curFilters[idx] = lengthFilter;
return;
}
}
// since the length filter was not part of the list, but
// there are filters, then add the length filter
InputFilter newFilters[] = new InputFilter[curFilters.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(curFilters, 0, newFilters, 0, curFilters.length);
newFilters[curFilters.length] = lengthFilter;
view.setFilters(newFilters);
} else {
view.setFilters(new InputFilter[] { lengthFilter });
}
}
//Set Length filter. Restricting to 10 characters only
editText.setFilters(new InputFilter[]{new InputFilter.LengthFilter(MAX_LENGTH)});
//Allowing only upper case characters
editText.setFilters(new InputFilter[]{new InputFilter.AllCaps()});
//Attaching multiple filters
editText.setFilters(new InputFilter[]{new InputFilter.LengthFilter(MAX_LENGTH), new InputFilter.AllCaps()});
实现此目的的另一种方法是将以下定义添加到 XML 文件中:
<EditText
android:id="@+id/input"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:inputType="number"
android:maxLength="6"
android:hint="@string/hint_gov"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
这会将小部件的最大长度限制EditText
为 6 个字符。
XML
android:maxLength="10"
以编程方式:
int maxLength = 10;
InputFilter[] filters = new InputFilter[1];
filters[0] = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(maxLength);
yourEditText.setFilters(filters);
注意:在内部,EditText 和 TextView 解析android:maxLength
XML 中的值并用于InputFilter.LengthFilter()
应用它。
从material.io,您可以TextInputEditText
结合使用TextInputLayout
:
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:counterEnabled="true"
app:counterMaxLength="1000"
app:passwordToggleEnabled="false">
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputEditText
android:id="@+id/edit_text"
android:hint="@string/description"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:maxLength="1000"
android:gravity="top|start"
android:inputType="textMultiLine|textNoSuggestions"/>
</com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
您可以使用 drawable 配置密码 EditText:
或者您可以使用/不使用计数器来限制文本长度:
依赖:
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0-alpha02'
xml中的简单方法:
android:maxLength="4"
如果您需要在 xml 编辑文本中设置 4 个字符,请使用此
<EditText
android:id="@+id/edtUserCode"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:maxLength="4"
android:hint="Enter user code" />
以编程方式为Java试试这个:
myEditText(new InputFilter[] {new InputFilter.LengthFilter(CUSTOM_MAX_LEN)});
这是一个自定义的 EditText 类,它允许 Length 过滤器与其他过滤器一起使用。感谢 Tim Gallagher 的回答(下)
import android.content.Context;
import android.text.InputFilter;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class EditTextMultiFiltering extends EditText{
public EditTextMultiFiltering(Context context) {
super(context);
}
public EditTextMultiFiltering(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
public EditTextMultiFiltering(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
}
public void setMaxLength(int length) {
InputFilter curFilters[];
InputFilter.LengthFilter lengthFilter;
int idx;
lengthFilter = new InputFilter.LengthFilter(length);
curFilters = this.getFilters();
if (curFilters != null) {
for (idx = 0; idx < curFilters.length; idx++) {
if (curFilters[idx] instanceof InputFilter.LengthFilter) {
curFilters[idx] = lengthFilter;
return;
}
}
// since the length filter was not part of the list, but
// there are filters, then add the length filter
InputFilter newFilters[] = new InputFilter[curFilters.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(curFilters, 0, newFilters, 0, curFilters.length);
newFilters[curFilters.length] = lengthFilter;
this.setFilters(newFilters);
} else {
this.setFilters(new InputFilter[] { lengthFilter });
}
}
}
这工作正常...
android:maxLength="10"
这将只接受10
字符。
科特林:
edit_text.filters += InputFilter.LengthFilter(10)
ZTE Blade A520
有奇怪的效果。当您键入超过 10 个符号(例如 15 个)时,EditText
显示前 10 个,但其他 5 个不可见且不可访问。但是,当您使用 删除符号时Backspace
,它首先删除右 5 个符号,然后删除剩余的 10 个。要克服此行为,请使用解决方案:
android:inputType="textNoSuggestions|textVisiblePassword"
android:maxLength="10"
或这个:
android:inputType="textNoSuggestions"
或者这个,如果你想有建议:
private class EditTextWatcher(private val view: EditText) : TextWatcher {
private var position = 0
private var oldText = ""
override fun afterTextChanged(s: Editable?) = Unit
override fun beforeTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, count: Int, after: Int) {
oldText = s?.toString() ?: ""
position = view.selectionStart
}
override fun onTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, before: Int, count: Int) {
val newText = s?.toString() ?: ""
if (newText.length > 10) {
with(view) {
setText(oldText)
position = if (start > 0 && count > 2) {
// Text paste in nonempty field.
start
} else {
if (position in 1..10 + 1) {
// Symbol paste in the beginning or middle of the field.
position - 1
} else {
if (start > 0) {
// Adding symbol to the end of the field.
start - 1
} else {
// Text paste in the empty field.
0
}
}
}
setSelection(position)
}
}
}
}
// Usage:
editTextWatcher = EditTextWatcher(view.edit_text)
view.edit_text.addTextChangedListener(editTextWatcher)
xml中的简单方法:
android:maxLength="@{length}"
要以编程方式设置它,您可以使用以下功能
public static void setMaxLengthOfEditText(EditText editText, int length) {
InputFilter[] filters = editText.getFilters();
List arrayList = new ArrayList();
int i2 = 0;
if (filters != null && filters.length > 0) {
int filtersSize = filters.length;
int i3 = 0;
while (i2 < filtersSize) {
Object obj = filters[i2];
if (obj instanceof LengthFilter) {
arrayList.add(new LengthFilter(length));
i3 = 1;
} else {
arrayList.add(obj);
}
i2++;
}
i2 = i3;
}
if (i2 == 0) {
arrayList.add(new LengthFilter(length));
}
if (!arrayList.isEmpty()) {
editText.setFilters((InputFilter[]) arrayList.toArray(new InputFilter[arrayList.size()]));
}
}
我看到了很多好的解决方案,但我想给出一个我认为更完整和用户友好的解决方案,其中包括:
1、限制长度。
2,如果输入更多,给一个回调来触发你的吐司。
3,光标可以在中间或尾部。
4,用户可以通过粘贴字符串输入。
5、始终丢弃溢出输入并保持原点。
public class LimitTextWatcher implements TextWatcher {
public interface IF_callback{
void callback(int left);
}
public IF_callback if_callback;
EditText editText;
int maxLength;
int cursorPositionLast;
String textLast;
boolean bypass;
public LimitTextWatcher(EditText editText, int maxLength, IF_callback if_callback) {
this.editText = editText;
this.maxLength = maxLength;
this.if_callback = if_callback;
}
@Override
public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {
if (bypass) {
bypass = false;
} else {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
stringBuilder.append(s);
textLast = stringBuilder.toString();
this.cursorPositionLast = editText.getSelectionStart();
}
}
@Override
public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
}
@Override
public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
if (s.toString().length() > maxLength) {
int left = maxLength - s.toString().length();
bypass = true;
s.clear();
bypass = true;
s.append(textLast);
editText.setSelection(this.cursorPositionLast);
if (if_callback != null) {
if_callback.callback(left);
}
}
}
}
edit_text.addTextChangedListener(new LimitTextWatcher(edit_text, MAX_LENGTH, new LimitTextWatcher.IF_callback() {
@Override
public void callback(int left) {
if(left <= 0) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "input is full", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}));
我没有做的是,如果用户突出显示当前输入的一部分并尝试粘贴一个很长的字符串,我不知道如何恢复突出显示。
例如,最大长度设置为10,用户输入'12345678',并将'345'标记为突出显示,并尝试粘贴'0000'字符串,这将超出限制。
当我尝试使用 edit_text.setSelection(start=2, end=4) 恢复原点状态时,结果是,它只是插入 2 个空格作为 '12 345 678',而不是原点突出显示。我希望有人能解决这个问题。
您可以android:maxLength="10"
在 EditText 中使用。(此处限制为最多 10 个字符)