530

我编写了一个简单的控制台应用程序来使用 ftplib 从 FTP 服务器上传和下载文件。

我希望该应用程序为用户显示其下载/上传进度的一些可视化;每次下载数据块时,我希望它提供进度更新,即使它只是像百分比这样的数字表示。

重要的是,我想避免擦除在前几行中打印到控制台的所有文本(即我不想在打印更新的进度时“清除”整个终端)。

这似乎是一个相当普遍的任务——我如何才能制作一个进度条或类似的可视化输出到我的控制台,同时保留先前的程序输出?

4

31 回答 31

649

蟒蛇 3

一个简单、可定制的进度条

以下是我经常使用的许多答案的汇总(不需要导入)。

注意:此答案中的所有代码都是为 Python 3 创建的;请参阅答案的结尾以将此代码与 Python 2 一起使用。

# Print iterations progress
def printProgressBar (iteration, total, prefix = '', suffix = '', decimals = 1, length = 100, fill = '█', printEnd = "\r"):
    """
    Call in a loop to create terminal progress bar
    @params:
        iteration   - Required  : current iteration (Int)
        total       - Required  : total iterations (Int)
        prefix      - Optional  : prefix string (Str)
        suffix      - Optional  : suffix string (Str)
        decimals    - Optional  : positive number of decimals in percent complete (Int)
        length      - Optional  : character length of bar (Int)
        fill        - Optional  : bar fill character (Str)
        printEnd    - Optional  : end character (e.g. "\r", "\r\n") (Str)
    """
    percent = ("{0:." + str(decimals) + "f}").format(100 * (iteration / float(total)))
    filledLength = int(length * iteration // total)
    bar = fill * filledLength + '-' * (length - filledLength)
    print(f'\r{prefix} |{bar}| {percent}% {suffix}', end = printEnd)
    # Print New Line on Complete
    if iteration == total: 
        print()

示例使用

import time

# A List of Items
items = list(range(0, 57))
l = len(items)

# Initial call to print 0% progress
printProgressBar(0, l, prefix = 'Progress:', suffix = 'Complete', length = 50)
for i, item in enumerate(items):
    # Do stuff...
    time.sleep(0.1)
    # Update Progress Bar
    printProgressBar(i + 1, l, prefix = 'Progress:', suffix = 'Complete', length = 50)

样本输出

Progress: |█████████████████████████████████████████████-----| 90.0% Complete

更新

评论中有关于允许进度条动态调整到终端窗口宽度的选项的讨论。虽然我不推荐这样做,但这里有一个实现此功能的要点(并注意注意事项)。

以上的单调用版本

下面的评论引用了针对类似问题发布的一个很好的答案。我喜欢它展示的易用性并写了一个类似的,但选择省略sys模块的导入,同时添加上面原始printProgressBar函数的一些特性。

与上述原始函数相比,这种方法的一些好处包括消除了对函数的初始调用以在 0% 处打印进度条以及使用enumerate变得可选(即不再明确要求使函数工作)。

def progressBar(iterable, prefix = '', suffix = '', decimals = 1, length = 100, fill = '█', printEnd = "\r"):
    """
    Call in a loop to create terminal progress bar
    @params:
        iterable    - Required  : iterable object (Iterable)
        prefix      - Optional  : prefix string (Str)
        suffix      - Optional  : suffix string (Str)
        decimals    - Optional  : positive number of decimals in percent complete (Int)
        length      - Optional  : character length of bar (Int)
        fill        - Optional  : bar fill character (Str)
        printEnd    - Optional  : end character (e.g. "\r", "\r\n") (Str)
    """
    total = len(iterable)
    # Progress Bar Printing Function
    def printProgressBar (iteration):
        percent = ("{0:." + str(decimals) + "f}").format(100 * (iteration / float(total)))
        filledLength = int(length * iteration // total)
        bar = fill * filledLength + '-' * (length - filledLength)
        print(f'\r{prefix} |{bar}| {percent}% {suffix}', end = printEnd)
    # Initial Call
    printProgressBar(0)
    # Update Progress Bar
    for i, item in enumerate(iterable):
        yield item
        printProgressBar(i + 1)
    # Print New Line on Complete
    print()

示例使用

import time

# A List of Items
items = list(range(0, 57))

# A Nicer, Single-Call Usage
for item in progressBar(items, prefix = 'Progress:', suffix = 'Complete', length = 50):
    # Do stuff...
    time.sleep(0.1)

样本输出

Progress: |█████████████████████████████████████████████-----| 90.0% Complete

蟒蛇2

要在 Python 2 中使用上述函数,请在脚本顶部将编码设置为 UTF-8:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

并替换这一行中的 Python 3 字符串格式:

print(f'\r{prefix} |{bar}| {percent}% {suffix}', end = printEnd)

使用 Python 2 字符串格式:

print('\r%s |%s| %s%% %s' % (prefix, bar, percent, suffix), end = printEnd)
于 2015-12-17T02:39:16.283 回答
330

写 '\r' 会将光标移回行首。

这将显示一个百分比计数器:

import time
import sys

for i in range(100):
    time.sleep(1)
    sys.stdout.write("\r%d%%" % i)
    sys.stdout.flush()
于 2010-07-04T00:39:34.353 回答
226

tqdm:在一秒钟内将进度表添加到您的循环中

>>> import time
>>> from tqdm import tqdm
>>> for i in tqdm(range(100)):
...     time.sleep(1)
... 
|###-------| 35/100  35% [elapsed: 00:35 left: 01:05,  1.00 iters/sec]

tqdm repl 会话

于 2014-10-16T01:08:03.280 回答
123

将 a 写入\r控制台。这是一个“回车”,它会导致后面的所有文本都在行首回显。就像是:

def update_progress(progress):
    print '\r[{0}] {1}%'.format('#'*(progress/10), progress)

这会给你类似的东西:[ ########## ] 100%

于 2010-07-04T00:35:48.843 回答
78

它不到 10 行代码。

这里的要点:https ://gist.github.com/vladignatyev/06860ec2040cb497f0f3

import sys


def progress(count, total, suffix=''):
    bar_len = 60
    filled_len = int(round(bar_len * count / float(total)))

    percents = round(100.0 * count / float(total), 1)
    bar = '=' * filled_len + '-' * (bar_len - filled_len)

    sys.stdout.write('[%s] %s%s ...%s\r' % (bar, percents, '%', suffix))
    sys.stdout.flush()  # As suggested by Rom Ruben

在此处输入图像描述

于 2015-01-09T23:45:03.317 回答
68

试试Python 的莫扎特 Armin Ronacher 编写的click库。

$ pip install click # both 2 and 3 compatible

创建一个简单的进度条:

import click

with click.progressbar(range(1000000)) as bar:
    for i in bar:
        pass 

这是它的样子:

# [###-------------------------------]    9%  00:01:14

根据您的内心定制:

import click, sys

with click.progressbar(range(100000), file=sys.stderr, show_pos=True, width=70, bar_template='(_(_)=%(bar)sD(_(_| %(info)s', fill_char='=', empty_char=' ') as bar:
    for i in bar:
        pass

自定义外观:

(_(_)===================================D(_(_| 100000/100000 00:00:02

还有更多选项,请参阅API 文档

 click.progressbar(iterable=None, length=None, label=None, show_eta=True, show_percent=None, show_pos=False, item_show_func=None, fill_char='#', empty_char='-', bar_template='%(label)s [%(bar)s] %(info)s', info_sep=' ', width=36, file=None, color=None)
于 2015-06-09T18:42:41.833 回答
36

我意识到我玩游戏迟到了,但这是我写的一个略带 Yum 风格的(红帽)(这里不是 100% 准确度,但如果你使用进度条来达到那种准确度,那么你'无论如何都是错的):

import sys

def cli_progress_test(end_val, bar_length=20):
    for i in xrange(0, end_val):
        percent = float(i) / end_val
        hashes = '#' * int(round(percent * bar_length))
        spaces = ' ' * (bar_length - len(hashes))
        sys.stdout.write("\rPercent: [{0}] {1}%".format(hashes + spaces, int(round(percent * 100))))
        sys.stdout.flush()

应该产生如下所示的东西:

Percent: [##############      ] 69%

...括号保持静止,只有哈希值增加。

作为装饰器,这可能会更好。再过一天...

于 2012-12-03T14:11:23.037 回答
18

检查这个库:clint

它有很多功能,包括进度条:

from time import sleep  
from random import random  
from clint.textui import progress  
if __name__ == '__main__':
    for i in progress.bar(range(100)):
        sleep(random() * 0.2)

    for i in progress.dots(range(100)):
        sleep(random() * 0.2)

链接提供了其功能的快速概览

于 2012-01-16T12:25:12.157 回答
12

这是一个用 Python 编写的进度条的好例子:http: //nadiana.com/animated-terminal-progress-bar-in-python

但是如果你想自己写。您可以使用该curses模块使事情变得更容易:)

[编辑] 也许更容易不是诅咒这个词。但是如果你想创建一个成熟的 cui,curses 会为你处理很多事情。

[编辑] 由于旧链接已失效,我已经建立了自己的 Python 进度条版本,请在此处获取:https ://github.com/WoLpH/python-progressbar

于 2010-07-04T00:39:07.037 回答
12
import time,sys

for i in range(100+1):
    time.sleep(0.1)
    sys.stdout.write(('='*i)+(''*(100-i))+("\r [ %d"%i+"% ] "))
    sys.stdout.flush()

输出

[ 29% ] ====================

于 2015-04-21T12:24:04.527 回答
10

安装tqdm.( pip install tqdm) 并按如下方式使用它:

import time
from tqdm import tqdm
for i in tqdm(range(1000)):
    time.sleep(0.01)

这是一个 10 秒的进度条,将输出如下内容:

47%|██████████████████▊                     | 470/1000 [00:04<00:05, 98.61it/s]
于 2017-11-25T13:11:04.370 回答
7

而且,只是为了添加到堆中,这是一个您可以使用的对象

import sys

class ProgressBar(object):
    DEFAULT_BAR_LENGTH = 65
    DEFAULT_CHAR_ON  = '='
    DEFAULT_CHAR_OFF = ' '

    def __init__(self, end, start=0):
        self.end    = end
        self.start  = start
        self._barLength = self.__class__.DEFAULT_BAR_LENGTH

        self.setLevel(self.start)
        self._plotted = False

    def setLevel(self, level):
        self._level = level
        if level < self.start:  self._level = self.start
        if level > self.end:    self._level = self.end

        self._ratio = float(self._level - self.start) / float(self.end - self.start)
        self._levelChars = int(self._ratio * self._barLength)

    def plotProgress(self):
        sys.stdout.write("\r  %3i%% [%s%s]" %(
            int(self._ratio * 100.0),
            self.__class__.DEFAULT_CHAR_ON  * int(self._levelChars),
            self.__class__.DEFAULT_CHAR_OFF * int(self._barLength - self._levelChars),
        ))
        sys.stdout.flush()
        self._plotted = True

    def setAndPlot(self, level):
        oldChars = self._levelChars
        self.setLevel(level)
        if (not self._plotted) or (oldChars != self._levelChars):
            self.plotProgress()

    def __add__(self, other):
        assert type(other) in [float, int], "can only add a number"
        self.setAndPlot(self._level + other)
        return self
    def __sub__(self, other):
        return self.__add__(-other)
    def __iadd__(self, other):
        return self.__add__(other)
    def __isub__(self, other):
        return self.__add__(-other)

    def __del__(self):
        sys.stdout.write("\n")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import time
    count = 150
    print "starting things:"

    pb = ProgressBar(count)

    #pb.plotProgress()
    for i in range(0, count):
        pb += 1
        #pb.setAndPlot(i + 1)
        time.sleep(0.01)
    del pb

    print "done"

结果是:

starting things:
  100% [=================================================================]
done

这通常被认为是“过顶”,但当你经常使用它时它很方便

于 2014-01-24T07:01:57.497 回答
6

在 Python 命令行不在任何 IDE 或开发环境中)运行它:

>>> import threading
>>> for i in range(50+1):
...   threading._sleep(0.5)
...   print "\r%3d" % i, ('='*i)+('-'*(50-i)),

在我的 Windows 系统上运行良好。

于 2010-07-04T17:50:46.157 回答
6

尝试安装这个包 pip install progressbar2::

import time
import progressbar

for i in progressbar.progressbar(range(100)):
    time.sleep(0.02)

进度条 github:https ://github.com/WoLpH/python-progressbar

于 2018-05-25T23:11:49.520 回答
5

一个非常简单的解决方案是将此代码放入您的循环中:

将其放在文件的正文(即顶部)中:

import sys

把它放在你的循环体中:

sys.stdout.write("-") # prints a dash for each iteration of loop
sys.stdout.flush() # ensures bar is displayed incrementally
于 2018-06-12T14:37:15.437 回答
4

based on the above answers and other similar questions about CLI progress bar, I think I got a general common answer to all of them. Check it at https://stackoverflow.com/a/15860757/2254146

In summary, the code is this:

import time, sys

# update_progress() : Displays or updates a console progress bar
## Accepts a float between 0 and 1. Any int will be converted to a float.
## A value under 0 represents a 'halt'.
## A value at 1 or bigger represents 100%
def update_progress(progress):
    barLength = 10 # Modify this to change the length of the progress bar
    status = ""
    if isinstance(progress, int):
        progress = float(progress)
    if not isinstance(progress, float):
        progress = 0
        status = "error: progress var must be float\r\n"
    if progress < 0:
        progress = 0
        status = "Halt...\r\n"
    if progress >= 1:
        progress = 1
        status = "Done...\r\n"
    block = int(round(barLength*progress))
    text = "\rPercent: [{0}] {1}% {2}".format( "#"*block + "-"*(barLength-block), progress*100, status)
    sys.stdout.write(text)
    sys.stdout.flush()

Looks like

Percent: [##########] 99.0%

于 2013-04-07T11:50:09.867 回答
4

还有很多教程等待谷歌搜索。

于 2010-07-04T00:44:09.383 回答
4

我正在使用reddit 的进度。我喜欢它,因为它可以在一行中打印每个项目的进度,并且它不应该从程序中删除打印输出。

编辑:固定链接

于 2010-10-26T11:33:59.390 回答
3

我建议使用 tqdm - https://pypi.python.org/pypi/tqdm - 这使得将任何可迭代或进程转换为进度条变得简单,并处理所有需要终端的混乱。

来自文档:“tqdm 可以轻松支持回调/挂钩和手动更新。这是 urllib 的示例”

import urllib
from tqdm import tqdm

def my_hook(t):
  """
  Wraps tqdm instance. Don't forget to close() or __exit__()
  the tqdm instance once you're done with it (easiest using `with` syntax).

  Example
  -------

  >>> with tqdm(...) as t:
  ...     reporthook = my_hook(t)
  ...     urllib.urlretrieve(..., reporthook=reporthook)

  """
  last_b = [0]

  def inner(b=1, bsize=1, tsize=None):
    """
    b  : int, optional
        Number of blocks just transferred [default: 1].
    bsize  : int, optional
        Size of each block (in tqdm units) [default: 1].
    tsize  : int, optional
        Total size (in tqdm units). If [default: None] remains unchanged.
    """
    if tsize is not None:
        t.total = tsize
    t.update((b - last_b[0]) * bsize)
    last_b[0] = b
  return inner

eg_link = 'http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~cod11/matryoshka.zip'
with tqdm(unit='B', unit_scale=True, miniters=1,
          desc=eg_link.split('/')[-1]) as t:  # all optional kwargs
    urllib.urlretrieve(eg_link, filename='/dev/null',
                       reporthook=my_hook(t), data=None)
于 2016-09-13T15:26:42.480 回答
2

有了上面的好建议,我计算出了进度条。

但是我想指出一些缺点

  1. 每次刷新进度条都会换行

    print('\r[{0}]{1}%'.format('#' * progress* 10, progress))  
    

    像这样:
    [] 0%
    [#]10%
    [##]20%
    [###]30%

2.方括号']'和右侧的百分比数字随着'###'变长而向右移动。
3. 如果表达式'progress / 10'不能返回一个整数,将会出错。

下面的代码将解决上述问题。

def update_progress(progress, total):  
    print('\r[{0:10}]{1:>2}%'.format('#' * int(progress * 10 /total), progress), end='')
于 2013-04-13T07:12:11.767 回答
2

哈哈,我刚刚为此写了一个完整的东西,代码请记住,在执行块 ascii 时不能使用 unicode,我使用 cp437

import os
import time
def load(left_side, right_side, length, time):
    x = 0
    y = ""
    print "\r"
    while x < length:
        space = length - len(y)
        space = " " * space
        z = left + y + space + right
        print "\r", z,
        y += "█"
        time.sleep(time)
        x += 1
    cls()

你这样称呼它

print "loading something awesome"
load("|", "|", 10, .01)

所以看起来像这样

loading something awesome
|█████     |
于 2013-02-14T16:32:31.083 回答
2
import sys
def progresssbar():
         for i in range(100):
            time.sleep(1)
            sys.stdout.write("%i\r" % i)

progressbar()

注意:如果您在交互式解释器中运行此程序,您会打印出额外的数字

于 2010-09-12T10:33:05.007 回答
1

对于蟒蛇 3:

def progress_bar(current_value, total):
    increments = 50
    percentual = ((current_value/ total) * 100)
    i = int(percentual // (100 / increments ))
    text = "\r[{0: <{1}}] {2}%".format('=' * i, increments, percentual)
    print(text, end="\n" if percentual == 100 else "")
于 2018-04-25T16:40:54.800 回答
1

python 模块进度条是一个不错的选择。这是我的典型代码:

import time
import progressbar

widgets = [
    ' ', progressbar.Percentage(),
    ' ', progressbar.SimpleProgress(format='(%(value_s)s of %(max_value_s)s)'),
    ' ', progressbar.Bar('>', fill='.'),
    ' ', progressbar.ETA(format_finished='- %(seconds)s  -', format='ETA: %(seconds)s', ),
    ' - ', progressbar.DynamicMessage('loss'),
    ' - ', progressbar.DynamicMessage('error'),
    '                          '
]

bar = progressbar.ProgressBar(redirect_stdout=True, widgets=widgets)
bar.start(100)
for i in range(100):
    time.sleep(0.1)
    bar.update(i + 1, loss=i / 100., error=i)
bar.finish()
于 2017-05-26T05:49:30.207 回答
1

我写了一个简单的进度条:

def bar(total, current, length=10, prefix="", filler="#", space=" ", oncomp="", border="[]", suffix=""):
    if len(border) != 2:
        print("parameter 'border' must include exactly 2 symbols!")
        return None

    print(prefix + border[0] + (filler * int(current / total * length) +
                                      (space * (length - int(current / total * length)))) + border[1], suffix, "\r", end="")
    if total == current:
        if oncomp:
            print(prefix + border[0] + space * int(((length - len(oncomp)) / 2)) +
                  oncomp + space * int(((length - len(oncomp)) / 2)) + border[1], suffix)
        if not oncomp:
            print(prefix + border[0] + (filler * int(current / total * length) +
                                        (space * (length - int(current / total * length)))) + border[1], suffix)

如您所见,它具有:条的长度、前缀和后缀、填充符、空格、100%(oncomp) 上的条中的文本和边框

这里有一个例子:

from time import sleep, time
start_time = time()
for i in range(10):
    pref = str((i+1) * 10) + "% "
    complete_text = "done in %s sec" % str(round(time() - start_time))
    sleep(1)
    bar(10, i + 1, length=20, prefix=pref, oncomp=complete_text)

正在进行中:

30% [######              ]

完成后:

100% [   done in 9 sec   ] 
于 2017-07-01T11:51:08.760 回答
1

把我在这里找到的一些想法放在一起,并加上估计的剩余时间:

import datetime, sys

start = datetime.datetime.now()

def print_progress_bar (iteration, total):

    process_duration_samples = []
    average_samples = 5

    end = datetime.datetime.now()

    process_duration = end - start

    if len(process_duration_samples) == 0:
        process_duration_samples = [process_duration] * average_samples

    process_duration_samples = process_duration_samples[1:average_samples-1] + [process_duration]
    average_process_duration = sum(process_duration_samples, datetime.timedelta()) / len(process_duration_samples)
    remaining_steps = total - iteration
    remaining_time_estimation = remaining_steps * average_process_duration

    bars_string = int(float(iteration) / float(total) * 20.)
    sys.stdout.write(
        "\r[%-20s] %d%% (%s/%s) Estimated time left: %s" % (
            '='*bars_string, float(iteration) / float(total) * 100,
            iteration,
            total,
            remaining_time_estimation
        ) 
    )
    sys.stdout.flush()
    if iteration + 1 == total:
        print 


# Sample usage

for i in range(0,300):
    print_progress_bar(i, 300)
于 2017-10-19T22:10:42.187 回答
1

python终端进度条代码

import sys
import time

max_length = 5
at_length = max_length
empty = "-"
used = "%"

bar = empty * max_length

for i in range(0, max_length):
    at_length -= 1

    #setting empty and full spots
    bar = used * i
    bar = bar+empty * at_length

    #\r is carriage return(sets cursor position in terminal to start of line)
    #\0 character escape

    sys.stdout.write("[{}]\0\r".format(bar))
    sys.stdout.flush()

    #do your stuff here instead of time.sleep
    time.sleep(1)

sys.stdout.write("\n")
sys.stdout.flush()
于 2016-09-07T19:57:00.957 回答
0

这是我的 Python 3 解决方案:

import time
for i in range(100):
    time.sleep(1)
    s = "{}% Complete".format(i)
    print(s,end=len(s) * '\b')

'\b' 是一个反斜杠,用于字符串中的每个字符。这在 Windows cmd 窗口中不起作用。

于 2013-12-03T19:45:28.850 回答
0

那么这是有效的代码,我在发布之前对其进行了测试:

import sys
def prg(prog, fillchar, emptchar):
    fillt = 0
    emptt = 20
    if prog < 100 and prog > 0:
        prog2 = prog/5
        fillt = fillt + prog2
        emptt = emptt - prog2
        sys.stdout.write("\r[" + str(fillchar)*fillt + str(emptchar)*emptt + "]" + str(prog) + "%")
        sys.stdout.flush()
    elif prog >= 100:
        prog = 100
        prog2 = prog/5
        fillt = fillt + prog2
        emptt = emptt - prog2
        sys.stdout.write("\r[" + str(fillchar)*fillt + str(emptchar)*emptt + "]" + str(prog) + "%" + "\nDone!")
        sys.stdout.flush()
    elif prog < 0:
        prog = 0
        prog2 = prog/5
        fillt = fillt + prog2
        emptt = emptt - prog2
        sys.stdout.write("\r[" + str(fillchar)*fillt + str(emptchar)*emptt + "]" + str(prog) + "%" + "\nHalted!")
        sys.stdout.flush()

优点:

  • 20 个字符条(每 5 个字符对应 1 个字符(按数字计算))
  • 自定义填充字符
  • 自定义空字符
  • 暂停(任何低于 0 的数字)
  • 完成(100 和任何超过 100 的数字)
  • 进度计数(0-100(低于和高于用于特殊功能))
  • 栏旁边的百分比数字,它是单行

缺点:

  • 仅支持整数(可以修改以支持它们,通过将除法设为整数除法,因此只需更改prog2 = prog/5prog2 = int(prog/5)
于 2013-07-23T20:59:14.320 回答
0

Greenstick 2.7 的功能:

def printProgressBar (iteration, total, prefix = '', suffix = '',decimals = 1, length = 100, fill = '#'):

percent = ("{0:." + str(decimals) + "f}").format(100 * (iteration / float(total)))
filledLength = int(length * iteration // total)
bar = fill * filledLength + '-' * (length - filledLength)
print'\r%s |%s| %s%% %s' % (prefix, bar, percent, suffix),
sys.stdout.flush()
# Print New Line on Complete                                                                                                                                                                                                              
if iteration == total:
    print()
于 2017-04-20T09:24:38.790 回答
0

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/progressbar2/3.30.2

Progressbar2是一个很好的 ascii 基础进度条库,用于命令行导入时间导入进度条

bar = progressbar.ProgressBar()
for i in bar(range(100)):
    time.sleep(0.02)
bar.finish()

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/tqdm

tqdm是 progressbar2 的替代品,我认为它在 pip3 中使用,但我不确定

from tqdm import tqdm
for i in tqdm(range(10000)):
...
于 2017-06-15T14:52:20.993 回答