从作为孩子的意义上说,这些小部件不是布局的QObject
孩子——它们是父窗口小部件的孩子。AQWidget
只能是另一个的孩子QWidget
- 因此你不能期望小部件是布局的孩子。虽然new QWidget(new QWidget())
有效,new QWidget(new QHBoxLayout())
但不会编译。
您可以迭代给定类型的小部件的子级,如下所示:
// C++11
for (auto button : findChildren<QRadioButton*>()) if (button->isChecked()) {
...
}
// C++98
Q_FOREACH (QWidget * button, findChildren<QRadioButton*>())
if (button->isChecked()) {
...
}
如果你使用 C++11,你应该使用基于范围的 for 循环,而不是现在过时的foreach
或Q_FOREACH
.
要迭代由布局管理的子小部件,您需要一个用于布局的迭代器适配器。例如:
#include <QLayout>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QPointer>
#include <utility>
template<class WT> class IterableLayoutAdapter;
template<typename WT>
class LayoutIterator {
QPointer<QLayout> m_layout;
int m_index;
friend class IterableLayoutAdapter<WT>;
LayoutIterator(QLayout * layout, int dir) :
m_layout(layout), m_index(dir>0 ? -1 : m_layout->count()) {
if (dir > 0) ++*this;
}
friend QDebug operator<<(QDebug dbg, const LayoutIterator & it) {
return dbg << it.m_layout << it.m_index;
}
friend void swap(LayoutIterator& a, LayoutIterator& b) {
using std::swap;
swap(a.m_layout, b.m_layout);
swap(a.m_index, b.m_index);
}
public:
LayoutIterator() : m_index(0) {}
LayoutIterator(const LayoutIterator & o) :
m_layout(o.m_layout), m_index(o.m_index) {}
LayoutIterator(LayoutIterator && o) { swap(*this, o); }
LayoutIterator & operator=(LayoutIterator o) {
swap(*this, o);
return *this;
}
WT * operator*() const { return static_cast<WT*>(m_layout->itemAt(m_index)->widget()); }
const LayoutIterator & operator++() {
while (++m_index < m_layout->count() && !qobject_cast<WT*>(m_layout->itemAt(m_index)->widget()));
return *this;
}
LayoutIterator operator++(int) {
LayoutIterator temp(*this);
++*this;
return temp;
}
const LayoutIterator & operator--() {
while (!qobject_cast<WT*>(m_layout->itemAt(--m_index)->widget()) && m_index > 0);
return *this;
}
LayoutIterator operator--(int) {
LayoutIterator temp(*this);
--*this;
return temp;
}
bool operator==(const LayoutIterator & o) const { return m_index == o.m_index; }
bool operator!=(const LayoutIterator & o) const { return m_index != o.m_index; }
};
template <class WT = QWidget>
class IterableLayoutAdapter {
QPointer<QLayout> m_layout;
public:
typedef LayoutIterator<WT> const_iterator;
IterableLayoutAdapter(QLayout * layout) : m_layout(layout) {}
const_iterator begin() const { return const_iterator(m_layout, 1); }
const_iterator end() const { return const_iterator(m_layout, -1); }
const_iterator cbegin() const { return const_iterator(m_layout, 1); }
const_iterator cend() const { return const_iterator(m_layout, -1); }
};
template <class WT = QWidget>
class ConstIterableLayoutAdapter : public IterableLayoutAdapter<const WT> {
public:
ConstIterableLayoutAdapter(QLayout * layout) : IterableLayoutAdapter<const WT>(layout) {}
};
它的用法如下:
#include <QApplication>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QHBoxLayout>
int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
QApplication app(argc, argv);
tests();
QWidget a, b1, b3;
QLabel b2;
QHBoxLayout l(&a);
l.addWidget(&b1);
l.addWidget(&b2);
l.addWidget(&b3);
// Iterate all widget types as constants
qDebug() << "all, range-for";
for (auto widget : ConstIterableLayoutAdapter<>(&l)) qDebug() << widget;
qDebug() << "all, Q_FOREACH";
Q_FOREACH (const QWidget * widget, ConstIterableLayoutAdapter<>(&l)) qDebug() << widget;
// Iterate labels only
qDebug() << "labels, range-for";
for (auto label : IterableLayoutAdapter<QLabel>(&l)) qDebug() << label;
qDebug() << "labels, Q_FOREACH";
Q_FOREACH (QLabel * label, IterableLayoutAdapter<QLabel>(&l)) qDebug() << label;
}
一些基本测试如下所示:
void tests() {
QWidget a, b1, b3;
QLabel b2;
QHBoxLayout l(&a);
IterableLayoutAdapter<> l0(&l);
auto i0 = l0.begin();
qDebug() << i0; Q_ASSERT(i0 == l0.begin() && i0 == l0.end());
l.addWidget(&b1);
l.addWidget(&b2);
l.addWidget(&b3);
IterableLayoutAdapter<> l1(&l);
auto i1 = l1.begin();
qDebug() << i1; Q_ASSERT(i1 == l1.begin() && i1 != l1.end());
++i1; qDebug() << i1; Q_ASSERT(i1 != l1.begin() && i1 != l1.end());
++i1; qDebug() << i1; Q_ASSERT(i1 != l1.begin() && i1 != l1.end());
++i1; qDebug() << i1; Q_ASSERT(i1 != l1.begin() && i1 == l1.end());
--i1; qDebug() << i1; Q_ASSERT(i1 != l1.begin() && i1 != l1.end());
--i1; qDebug() << i1; Q_ASSERT(i1 != l1.begin() && i1 != l1.end());
--i1; qDebug() << i1; Q_ASSERT(i1 == l1.begin() && i1 != l1.end());
IterableLayoutAdapter<QLabel> l2(&l);
auto i2 = l2.begin();
qDebug() << i2; Q_ASSERT(i2 == l2.begin() && i2 != l2.end());
++i2; qDebug() << i2; Q_ASSERT(i2 != l2.begin() && i2 == l2.end());
--i2; qDebug() << i2; Q_ASSERT(i2 == l2.begin() && i2 != l2.end());
}