python-3.x - 在散景中，如何将工具提示添加到时间序列图表（悬停工具）？

Question

是否可以将工具提示添加到时间序列图表？

在下面的简化代码示例中，当鼠标悬停在相关行上时，我希望看到单个列名（'a'、'b' 或 'c'）。

取而代之的是一个“？？？” 显示并且所有三行都有一个工具提示（而不仅仅是我悬停在上面的那一行）

根据文档 ( http://docs.bokeh.org/en/latest/docs/user_guide/tools.html#hovertool )，以“@”开头的字段名称被解释为数据源上的列。

1. 如何在工具提示中显示来自 pandas DataFrame 的“列”？

2. 或者，如果高级 TimeSeries 接口不支持这一点，那么有什么线索可以使用较低级别的接口来做同样的事情吗？(line?multi_line?) 或将 DataFrame 转换为不同的格式 (ColumnDataSource?)

3. 对于赠金，应如何格式化“$x”以将日期显示为日期？

提前致谢

    import pandas as pd
    import numpy as np
    from bokeh.charts import TimeSeries
    from bokeh.models import HoverTool
    from bokeh.plotting import show

    toy_df = pd.DataFrame(data=np.random.rand(5,3), columns = ('a', 'b' ,'c'), index = pd.DatetimeIndex(start='01-01-2015',periods=5, freq='d'))   

    p = TimeSeries(toy_df, tools='hover')  

    hover = p.select(dict(type=HoverTool))
    hover.tooltips = [
        ("Series", "@columns"),
        ("Date", "$x"),
        ("Value", "$y"),
        ]

    show(p)

Answer 1

下面是我想出的。

它不漂亮，但它有效。

我对 Bokeh （以及 Python ）还是新手，所以如果有人想提出更好的方法来做到这一点，请随意。

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from bokeh.charts import TimeSeries
from bokeh.models import HoverTool
from bokeh.plotting import show

toy_df = pd.DataFrame(data=np.random.rand(5,3), columns = ('a', 'b' ,'c'), index = pd.DatetimeIndex(start='01-01-2015',periods=5, freq='d'))       

 _tools_to_show = 'box_zoom,pan,save,hover,resize,reset,tap,wheel_zoom'        

p = figure(width=1200, height=900, x_axis_type="datetime", tools=_tools_to_show)


# FIRST plot ALL lines (This is a hack to get it working, why can't i pass in a dataframe to multi_line?)   
# It's not pretty but it works. 
# what I want to do!: p.multi_line(df)
ts_list_of_list = []
for i in range(0,len(toy_df.columns)):
    ts_list_of_list.append(toy_df.index.T)

vals_list_of_list = toy_df.values.T.tolist()

# Define colors because otherwise multi_line will use blue for all lines...
cols_to_use =  ['Black', 'Red', 'Lime']
p.multi_line(ts_list_of_list, vals_list_of_list, line_color=cols_to_use)


# THEN put  scatter one at a time on top of each one to get tool tips (HACK! lines with tooltips not yet supported by Bokeh?) 
for (name, series) in toy_df.iteritems():
    # need to repmat the name to be same dimension as index
    name_for_display = np.tile(name, [len(toy_df.index),1])

    source = ColumnDataSource({'x': toy_df.index, 'y': series.values, 'series_name': name_for_display, 'Date': toy_df.index.format()})
    # trouble formating x as datestring, so pre-formating and using an extra column. It's not pretty but it works.

    p.scatter('x', 'y', source = source, fill_alpha=0, line_alpha=0.3, line_color="grey")     

    hover = p.select(dict(type=HoverTool))
    hover.tooltips = [("Series", "@series_name"), ("Date", "@Date"),  ("Value", "@y{0.00%}"),]
    hover.mode = 'mouse'

show(p)

Answer 2

我对 Pandas 不熟悉，我只是使用 python list 来展示如何向 muti_lines 添加工具提示、显示系列名称以及正确显示日期/时间的示例。下面是结果。感谢@bs123 的回答和@terry在Bokeh Plotting 中的回答：仅对某些字形启用工具提示

我的结果

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from bokeh.plotting import figure, output_file, show, ColumnDataSource
from bokeh.models import  HoverTool
from datetime import datetime

dateX_str = ['2016-11-14','2016-11-15','2016-11-16']
#conver the string of datetime to python  datetime object
dateX = [datetime.strptime(i, "%Y-%m-%d") for i in dateX_str]

v1= [10,13,5]
v2 = [8,4,14]
v3= [14,9,6]
v = [v1,v2,v3]

names = ['v1','v2','v3']
colors = ['red','blue','yellow']

output_file('example.html',title = 'example of add tooltips to multi_timeseries')
tools_to_show = 'hover,box_zoom,pan,save,resize,reset,wheel_zoom'
p = figure(x_axis_type="datetime", tools=tools_to_show)

#to show the tooltip for multi_lines,you need use the ColumnDataSource which define the data source of glyph
#the key is to use the same column name for each data source of the glyph
#so you don't have to add tooltip for each glyph,the tooltip is added to the figure

#plot each timeseries line glyph
for i in xrange(3):
# bokeh can't show datetime object in tooltip properly,so we use string instead
    source = ColumnDataSource(data={
                'dateX': dateX, # python datetime object as X axis
                'v': v[i],
                'dateX_str': dateX_str, #string of datetime for display in tooltip
                'name': [names[i] for n in xrange(3)]
            })
    p.line('dateX', 'v',source=source,legend=names[i],color = colors[i])
    circle = p.circle('dateX', 'v',source=source, fill_color="white", size=8, legend=names[i],color = colors[i])

    #to avoid some strange behavior(as shown in the picture at the end), only add the circle glyph to the renders of hover tool
    #so tooltip only takes effect on circle glyph
    p.tools[0].renderers.append(circle)

# show the tooltip
hover = p.select(dict(type=HoverTool))
hover.tooltips = [("value", "@v"), ("name", "@name"), ("date", "@dateX_str")]
hover.mode = 'mouse'
show(p)

有一些奇怪行为的工具提示，同时显示两个提示

Answer 3

这是我的解决方案。我检查了字形渲染数据源以查看其名称。然后我在胡佛工具提示上使用这些名称。您可以在此处查看结果图。

import numpy as np
from bokeh.charts import TimeSeries
from bokeh.models import HoverTool
from bokeh.plotting import show

toy_df = pd.DataFrame(data=np.random.rand(5,3), columns = ('a', 'b' ,'c'), index = pd.DatetimeIndex(start='01-01-2015',periods=5, freq='d'))   
#Bockeh display dates as numbers so convert to string tu show correctly
toy_df.index = toy_df.index.astype(str) 
p = TimeSeries(toy_df, tools='hover')  

#Next 3 lines are to inspect how are names on gliph to call them with @name on hover
#glyph_renderers = p.select(dict(type=GlyphRenderer))
#bar_source = glyph_renderers[0].data_source
#print(bar_source.data)  #Here we can inspect names to call on hover


hover = p.select(dict(type=HoverTool))
hover.tooltips = [
        ("Series", "@series"),
        ("Date", "@x_values"),
        ("Value", "@y_values"),
        ]

show(p)

Answer 4

原始海报的代码不适用于最新的 pandas（DatetimeIndex 构造函数已更改），但 Hovertool 现在支持一个formatters属性，可让您将格式指定为 strftime 字符串。就像是

fig.add_tool(HoverTool(
    tooltip=[
        ('time', '@index{%Y-%m-%d}')
    ],
    formatters={
        '@index': 'datetime'
    }
))