java - 这个 JavaFX/FXML 自定义组件有什么问题？

Question

我正在学习编写用于 JavaFX 8 和 Scene Builder 的 FXML 自定义组件。

我编写了如下所示的 FXML 文件，但Scene Builder不会打开它，由于异常给我“打开操作失败”的消息：

java.io.IOException: javafx.fxml.LoadException: mycustomcomponent.TicoTeco 不是有效类型。
/C:/Users/xxxxx/Documents/NetBeansProjects/MyCustomComponent/src/mycustomcomponent/TicoTeco.fxml:9
    在 com.oracle.javafx.scenebuilder.kit.fxom.FXOMLoader.load(FXOMLoader.java:92)
    在 com.oracle.javafx.scenebuilder.kit.fxom.FXOMDocument.(FXOMDocument.java:80)
    在 com.oracle.javafx.scenebuilder.kit.fxom.FXOMDocument.(FXOMDocument.java:95)
...

为什么我会收到此异常？

这是 FXML 文件：

<?import java.lang.*?>
<?import java.util.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.*?>

<fx:root type="mycustomcomponent.TicoTeco" prefHeight="93.0" prefWidth="304.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
   <children>
      <BorderPane layoutX="61.0" prefHeight="115.0" prefWidth="200.0">
         <left>
            <Button fx:id="tico" mnemonicParsing="false" text="Tico" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER" />
         </left>
         <right>
            <Button fx:id="teco" mnemonicParsing="false" text="Teco" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER" />
         </right>
      </BorderPane>
   </children>
</fx:root>

以下是 TicoTeco.java 和 Main.java 的 Java 文件：

package mycustomcomponent;

import java.io.IOException;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane;

public class TicoTeco extends AnchorPane {

    @FXML
    Button tico;

    @FXML
    Button teco;

    public TicoTeco() throws IOException {
        FXMLLoader fxmlLoader = new FXMLLoader(TicoTeco.class.getResource("TicoTeco.fxml"));
        fxmlLoader.setRoot(this);
        fxmlLoader.setController(this);
        fxmlLoader.load();
    }

    @FXML
    public void initialize() {
        final EventHandler<ActionEvent> onAction = 
                event -> System.out.println("Hi, I'm " + (event.getSource() == tico? "Tico" : "Teco") + "!");
        tico.setOnAction(onAction);
        teco.setOnAction(onAction);
    }
}

package mycustomcomponent;

import java.io.IOException;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class Main extends Application {

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws IOException {
        Scene scene = new Scene(new TicoTeco());

        primaryStage.setTitle("Here are Tico and Teco!");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }

}

Answer 1

It's a bit tricky. So your fxml have a little mistake:

Your custom class is extending AnchorPane, so this should be the root in your fxml:

<?import java.lang.*?>
<?import java.util.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.*?>

<fx:root type="AnchorPane" prefHeight="93.0" prefWidth="304.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
   <children>
      <BorderPane layoutX="61.0" prefHeight="115.0" prefWidth="200.0">
         <left>
            <Button fx:id="tico" mnemonicParsing="false" text="Tico" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER" />
         </left>
         <right>
            <Button fx:id="teco" mnemonicParsing="false" text="Teco" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER" />
         </right>
      </BorderPane>
   </children>
</fx:root>

After that, you have to make a jar of it, because you have a fxml and a java class. This is the tricky part in Netbeans, so follow up:

First: Create an own Library Project for the component that looks like this with your copied source files:

Second: Delete the copied Main (where the main method is in) file

Third: Do a "Clean and Build" at the project. The generated .jar file will be in the subfolder "dist" in your Project directory.

Fourth: Open Scene Builder and import your CustomComponent .jar file like this:

现在您可以根据需要使用该组件。但请注意，组件的更改不会动态刷新导入的 jar，您必须重新执行整个操作。