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我正在尝试打开一个文件,但我刚刚意识到 py 我的用户名有问题(它是俄语)。关于如何正确解码/编码以使空闲快乐的任何建议?

我正在使用 py 2.6.5

xmlfile = open(u"D:\\Users\\Эрик\\Downloads\\temp.xml", "r")

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#23>", line 1, in <module>
    xmlfile = open(str(u"D:\\Users\\Эрик\\Downloads\\temp.xml"), "r")
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 9-12: ordinal not in range(128)

os.sys.getfilesystemencoding() 'mbcs'

xmlfile = open(u"D:\Users\Эрик\Downloads\temp.xml".encode("mbcs"), "r")

回溯(最后一次调用):文件“”,第 1 行,在 xmlfile = open(u"D:\Users\Эрик\Downloads\temp.xml".encode("mbcs"), "r") IOError: [ Errno 22] 无效模式 ('r') 或文件名:'D:\Users\Y?ee\Downloads\temp.xml'

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2 回答 2

0

第一个问题:

xmlfile = open(u"D:\\Users\\Эрик\\Downloads\\temp.xml", "r")
### The above line should be OK, provided that you have the correct coding line
### For example # coding: cp1251

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#23>", line 1, in <module>
    xmlfile = open(str(u"D:\\Users\\Эрик\\Downloads\\temp.xml"), "r")
### HOWEVER the above traceback line shows you actually using str()
### which is DIRECTLY causing the error because it is attempting
### to decode your filename using the default ASCII codec -- DON'T DO THAT.
### Please copy/paste; don't type from memory.
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 9-12: ordinal not in range(128)

第二个问题:

os.sys.getfilesystemencoding()生产'mbcs'

xmlfile = open(u"D:\Users\Эрик\Downloads\temp.xml".encode("mbcs"), "r")
### (a) \t is interpreted as a TAB character, hence the file name is invalid.
### (b) encoding with mbcs seems not to be useful; it messes up your name ("Y?ee").

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in xmlfile = open(u"D:\Users\Эрик\Downloads\temp.xml".encode("mbcs"), "r")
IOError: [Errno 22] invalid mode ('r') or filename: 'D:\Users\Y?ee\Downloads\temp.xml'

关于在 Windows 中硬编码文件名的一般建议,按偏好降序排列:

(1) 不要
(2) 使用/eg "c:/temp.xml"
(3) 使用带反斜杠的原始字符串r"c:\temp.xml"
(4) 使用双反斜杠"c:\\temp.xml"

于 2010-06-20T22:14:38.867 回答
0

第一个问题是解析器试图解释字符串中的反斜杠,除非你使用r"raw quote"前缀。在 2.6.5 中,您不需要特别对待您的 Unicode 字符串,但您可能需要在源代码中使用文件编码声明,例如:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

如PEP 263中所定义。这是一个交互式工作的示例:

$ python
Python 2.6.5 (r265:79063, Apr 16 2010, 13:09:56) [GCC 4.4.3] on linux2
>>> f = r"D:\Users\Эрик\Downloads\temp.xml"
>>> f
'D:\\Users\\\xd0\xad\xd1\x80\xd0\xb8\xd0\xba\\Downloads\\temp.xml'
>>> x = open(f, 'w')
>>> x.close()
>>> 
$ ls D*
D:\Users\Эрик\Downloads\temp.xml

是的,这是在 Unix 系统上,所以\没有意义,我的终端编码是 utf-8,但它可以工作。您可能只需要在解析器读取文件时向它提供编码提示。

于 2010-06-20T18:27:58.123 回答