它与 Spring 一起工作的原因是测试类由 Spring 容器通过使用@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
. 运行器会将所有托管对象注入到测试对象中。JerseyTest
不是这样管理的。
如果您愿意,您可以创建自己的跑步者,但您需要了解一点 HK2(Jersey 的 DI 框架)是如何工作的。看看文档。一切都围绕着ServiceLocator
. 在独立环境中,您可能会看到类似这样的内容来引导 DI 容器
ServiceLocatorFactory factory = ServiceLocatorFactory.getInstance();
ServiceLocator locator = factory.create(null);
ServiceLocatorUtilities.bind(locator, new MyBinder());
然后得到服务,做
Service service = locator.getService(Service.class);
在测试类的情况下,我们不需要获得对服务对象的任何访问权限,我们可以简单地注入测试对象,使用ServiceLocator
:
locator.inject(test);
上面test
是在我们的自定义运行器中传递给我们的测试类实例。这是自定义运行器的示例实现
import java.lang.annotation.*;
import org.glassfish.hk2.api.*;
import org.glassfish.hk2.utilities.*;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.junit.runners.model.*;
public class Hk2ClassRunner extends BlockJUnit4ClassRunner {
private final ServiceLocatorFactory factory = ServiceLocatorFactory.getInstance();
private Class<? extends Binder>[] binderClasses;
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public static @interface Binders {
public Class<? extends Binder>[] value();
}
public Hk2ClassRunner(Class<?> cls) throws InitializationError {
super(cls);
Binders bindersAnno = cls.getClass().getAnnotation(Binders.class);
if (bindersAnno == null) {
binderClasses = new Class[0];
}
}
@Override
public Statement methodInvoker(FrameworkMethod method, final Object test) {
final Statement statement = super.methodInvoker(method, test);
return new Statement() {
@Override
public void evaluate() throws Throwable {
ServiceLocator locator = factory.create(null);
for (Class<? extends Binder> c : binderClasses) {
try {
ServiceLocatorUtilities.bind(locator, c.newInstance());
} catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException ex) {
throw new RuntimeException(ex);
}
}
locator.inject(test);
statement.evaluate();
locator.shutdown();
}
};
}
}
在运行程序中methodInvoker
,每个测试方法都会调用 ,因此我们正在为每个调用的测试方法创建一组全新的对象。
这是一个完整的测试用例
@Binders({ServiceBinder.class})
@RunWith(Hk2ClassRunner.class)
public class InjectTest {
public static class Service {
@Inject
private Demo demo;
public void doSomething() {
System.out.println("Inside Service.doSomething()");
demo.doSomething();
}
}
public static class Demo {
public void doSomething() {
System.out.println("Inside Demo.doSomething()");
}
}
public static class ServiceBinder extends AbstractBinder {
@Override
protected void configure() {
bind(Demo.class).to(Demo.class);
bind(Service.class).to(Service.class);
}
}
@Inject
private Service service;
@Test
public void testInjections() {
Assert.assertNotNull(service);
service.doSomething();
}
}