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我正在用 PIC18 汇编编写一个非常基本的程序。它要求我编写一个子程序来将两个 16 位数字相乘。这就是我现在所拥有的:

;***********************************************************************
; mul_16bit: subroutine that multiplies two 16 bit numbers stored in
;    addresses mul_16ptr1, mul_16ptr1+1 and mul_16ptr2,mul_16ptr2+1 and
;    returns the 32-bit result in addresses mul_16res1 to mul_16res1+3

;***********************************************************************
mul_16bit:
             movf    mul_16ptr2, W           ;multiply the lower bytes
             mulwf   mul_16ptr1, W
             movff   PRODH, mul_16res+1
             movff   PRODL, mul_16res
             movf    mul_16ptr2+1, W                 ;multiply upper bytes
             mulwf   mul_16ptr1+1, W
             movff   PRODH, mul_16res+3
             movff   PRODL, mul_16res+2
             movf    mul_16ptr2, W           ;multiply lower byte of num2
             mulwf   mul_16ptr1+1, W       ; and upper byte of num1
             movf    PRODL, W
             addwf   mul_16res+1, F
             movf    PRODH, W
             addwfc  mul_16res+2, F
             movlw   0                                       ; add carry
             addwfc  mul_16res+3, F
             movf    mul_16ptr2+1, W                 ;multiply upper byte
                                                     ;of num1 and lower
             mulwf   mul_16ptr1, W           ; byte of num2
             movf    PRODL, W                        ;add the result to mul_16res
             addwf   mul_16res+1, F          ;...
             movf    PRODH, W                        ;...
             addwfc  mul_16res+2, F          ;...
             movlw   0                                       ; add carry
             addwfc  mul_16res+3, F
             return

我现在写它的方式是,它将存储在第一个评论中提到的寄存器中的数字相乘,并将它们存储在评论中的 4 个寄存器中。如果我只需要做一次或两次乘法,这很有效,即我可以说:

mul_16ptr1   set    0x45
mul_16ptr2   set    0x47
mul_16res    set    0x50
call         mul_16bit

将其相乘0x45并将0x47其存储在0x50. 问题是当我需要在不同的数据上多次调用它时,因为汇编器不会让我“设置”任何指针两次。我尝试过使用间接访问(即使用 LFSR1、LFSR2 和 LFSR0 来存储被乘数和结果),但后来我陷入了一大堆 POSTINC0 等问题。有没有办法让这个函数调用更好?

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3 回答 3

2

PIC18 下的函数通常使用专用的输入变量,例如 RegA、RegB 和 RegR。所以有声明:

RegA res 2    ;16bit var
ResB res 2    ;16bit var
ResR res 4    ;32bit var

调用此类函数如下所示:

;Constants declaration
    OperandA set 1234
    OperandB set 7777
;
;
;Prepare calling operand A   
    movlw low OperandA 
    movwf RegA 
    movlw high OperandA 
    movwf RegA + 1
;Prepare calling operand B         
    movlw low OperandB 
    movwf RegB + 0 
    movlw high OperandB 
    movwf RegB + 1
;Function call        
    call  MullAB_16bit
;Result is in RegR
于 2010-06-19T15:41:21.217 回答
1

是的,PIC 汇编语言使许多事情变得不必要地复杂。

我假设您这样做是作为学习经验的一部分 - 否则您将使用基本的数学函数库,例如 Roger Froud 或 Fr 的库。Thomas McGahee,或者可能切换到更高级别的语言,其中所有以上内容都可以用“*”替换(BASIC、C、Pyastra、JAL、Forth 等)。

GJ 演示的调用约定非常普遍,尤其是在从 PIC16 移植的代码中,该代码只有一个 FSR 寄存器,没有“PLUSW”寄存器。

由于 PIC18 具有“PLUSWx”寄存器,因此可以使用各种更好的调用约定。有没有办法稍微调整一下以获得R. Reese推荐的“重入”代码?

#include<18f4550>

OperandA res 2
OperandB res 2
Product res 4

clock_ticks res 2
useconds_per_clock_tick res 2
total_time res 4

    ; example of the "call" part of a possible 3-pointer calling convention.
    ; Public domain.
    ; To multiply by some number in Flash or EEPROM,
    ; first copy them (perhaps using TBLPTR/TABLAT)
    ; into some convenient temporary Operand buffer in RAM.
    ; Then:
    ; WARNING: untested code.
    ; put pointer to first (least-significant) byte of 16-bit operand A into FSR2
        BANKSEL FSR0
        lfsr2 OperandA 
    ; put pointer to first (least-significant) byte of 16-bit operand B into FSR1
        lfsr1 OperandB 
    ; put pointer to first (least-significant) byte of 32-bit product into FSR0
        lfsr0 Product
    ;Function call        
        call  mul16x16bit
    ;Result is in Product

    ; example of calling the same subroutine with different arguments.
        BANKSEL FSR0
        lfsr2 clock_ticks
        lfsr1 useconds_per_clock_tick
        lfsr0 total_time
        call mul16x16bit
    ; result is in total_time.
        return


    ;***********************************************************************
    ; mull16x16bit: subroutine that multiplies two 16 bit numbers
    ;    pointed to by the pointer FSR2, FSR2+1, FSR3, FSR3+1, and
    ;    returns the 32-bit result in addresses pointed to by
    ;    FSR0 to FSR0+3.
    ;***********************************************************************
    ; example of a function using a possible 3-pointer calling convention
    ; WARNING: untested code
    ; The pointers to operands are: FSR2, FSR1
    ; The pointer to the result is: FSR0.
    ; Mostly identical to code in the Microchip PIC18F2550 datasheet, page 98
    ; Public domain.

RESULT res 4 // temporary 4 byte register
TEMP EQU RESULT // temporary 1 byte register

mul_16bit:
         movlw   1                       ; multiply upper bytes
         movff   PLUSW2, TEMP
         movf    PLUSW1, W
         mulwf   TEMP
         movff   PRODH, RESULT+3
         movff   PRODL, RESULT+2

         movf    INDF2, W             ;multiply the lower bytes
         mulwf   INDF1, W
         movff   PRODH, RESULT+1
         movff   PRODL, RESULT+0

         movlw   1                   ; multiply the high byte of num2
         movf    PLUSW2
         mulwf   INDF1               ; and the low byte of num1
         movf    PRODL, W
         addwf   RESULT+1, F
         movf    PRODH, W
         addwfc  RESULT+2, F
         movlw   0                                       ; add carry
         addwfc  RESULT+3, F

         movlw   1                   ; multiply the high byte of num1
         movf    PLUSW1
         mulwf   INDF2               ; and the low byte of num2
         movf    PRODL, W
         addwf   RESULT+1, F
         movf    PRODH, W
         addwfc  RESULT+2, F
         movlw   0                                       ; add carry
         addwfc  RESULT+3, F

         movff   RESULT+0, POSTINC0   ; copy result to destination where FSR points.
         movff   RESULT+1, POSTINC0
         movff   RESULT+2, POSTINC0
         movff   RESULT+3, POSTINC0

         movlw   4
         subwf   FSR0  ; restore original value of FSR0.

         return
于 2010-06-24T03:44:04.520 回答
0

你能安排一些事情,使它们在 FSR0-FSR2 指向你的操作数和结果寄存器时表现得更合理吗?例如

  movf POSTINC0,w,c
  mulwf POSTINC1,c ; Op0L*Op1L(现在都指向 MSB)
  movff PRODL,POSTINC2 ; 结果0
  movff PRODH,INDF2 ; 结果1
  mulwf POSTDEC1,c ; Op0L*Op1H(现在 MSB 为 0 点,LSB 为 1)
  movf PRODL,w,c
  addwf POSTINC2,f,c ; Result1(现在指向 Result2)
  移动 0
  addwfc PRODH,w,c
  movwf POSTDEC2,c ; Result2(现在指向 Result1)
  movf INDF0,w,c ; 操作0H
  mulwf POSTINC1,c ; OP1L
  movf PRODL,w,c
  addwf POSTINC2,f,c ; 结果1
  movf PRODH,w,c
  addwfc POSTINC2,f,c ; Result2(进位可能未完成)
  clrf INDF2,f,c ; 结果3
  rlcf POSTDEC2,f,c ; 商店携带
  movf INDF0,w,c ; 操作0H
  mulwf POSTINC1,c ; OP1H
  movf PRODL,w,c
  addwf POSTINC2,f,c
  movf PRODH,w,c
  addwfc INDF2,f,c

LFSR 比手动移动大量数据更便宜。

于 2010-08-19T18:32:17.347 回答