我正在尝试以编程方式在 UIStackView 中添加视图。现在我的代码是：
UIView *view1 = [[UIView alloc]init];
view1.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
[view1 setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100)];
UIView *view2 = [[UIView alloc]init];
view2.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
[view2 setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 100, 100, 100)];
[self.stack1 addArrangedSubview:view1];
[self.stack1 addArrangedSubview:view2];
当我部署应用程序时，只有 1 个视图，它是黑色的。（view1 也获取 view2 的参数）
堆栈视图使用固有内容大小，因此使用布局约束来定义视图的尺寸。
有一种快速添加约束的简单方法（示例）：
[view1.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:100].active = true;
完整代码：
- (void) setup {
//View 1
UIView *view1 = [[UIView alloc] init];
view1.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
[view1.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:100].active = true;
[view1.widthAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:120].active = true;
//View 2
UIView *view2 = [[UIView alloc] init];
view2.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
[view2.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:100].active = true;
[view2.widthAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:70].active = true;
//View 3
UIView *view3 = [[UIView alloc] init];
view3.backgroundColor = [UIColor magentaColor];
[view3.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:100].active = true;
[view3.widthAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:180].active = true;
//Stack View
UIStackView *stackView = [[UIStackView alloc] init];
stackView.axis = UILayoutConstraintAxisVertical;
stackView.distribution = UIStackViewDistributionEqualSpacing;
stackView.alignment = UIStackViewAlignmentCenter;
stackView.spacing = 30;
[stackView addArrangedSubview:view1];
[stackView addArrangedSubview:view2];
[stackView addArrangedSubview:view3];
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false;
[self.view addSubview:stackView];
//Layout for Stack View
[stackView.centerXAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:self.view.centerXAnchor].active = true;
[stackView.centerYAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:self.view.centerYAnchor].active = true;
}
注意：这是在 iOS 9 上测试的
斯威夫特 5.0
//Image View
let imageView = UIImageView()
imageView.backgroundColor = UIColor.blue
imageView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 120.0).isActive = true
imageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 120.0).isActive = true
imageView.image = UIImage(named: "buttonFollowCheckGreen")
//Text Label
let textLabel = UILabel()
textLabel.backgroundColor = UIColor.yellow
textLabel.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: self.view.frame.width).isActive = true
textLabel.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 20.0).isActive = true
textLabel.text = "Hi World"
textLabel.textAlignment = .center
//Stack View
let stackView = UIStackView()
stackView.axis = NSLayoutConstraint.Axis.vertical
stackView.distribution = UIStackView.Distribution.equalSpacing
stackView.alignment = UIStackView.Alignment.center
stackView.spacing = 16.0
stackView.addArrangedSubview(imageView)
stackView.addArrangedSubview(textLabel)
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
self.view.addSubview(stackView)
//Constraints
stackView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
stackView.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
基于@user1046037 的回答。
在斯威夫特 4.2
let redView = UIView()
redView.backgroundColor = .red
let blueView = UIView()
blueView.backgroundColor = .blue
let stackView = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: [redView, blueView])
stackView.axis = .vertical
stackView.distribution = .fillEqually
view.addSubview(stackView)
// stackView.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 200, height: 200)
// autolayout constraint
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
stackView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor),
stackView.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leftAnchor),
stackView.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.rightAnchor),
stackView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 200)
])
UIStackView在内部使用约束来定位其排列的子视图。究竟创建什么约束取决于堆栈视图本身的配置方式。默认情况下，堆栈视图将创建约束，将其排列的子视图布置在水平线上，将前导和尾随视图固定到它自己的前导和后沿。因此，您的代码将生成如下所示的布局：
|[view1][view2]|
分配给每个子视图的空间由许多因素决定，包括子视图的固有内容大小及其抗压缩性和内容拥抱优先级。默认情况下，UIView实例不定义内在内容大小。这通常由子类提供，例如UILabelor UIButton。
由于两个新UIView实例的内容压缩阻力和内容拥抱优先级将相同，并且两个视图都没有提供固有的内容大小，因此布局引擎必须对应该分配给每个视图的大小做出最佳猜测。在您的情况下，它为第一个视图分配了 100% 的可用空间，而没有分配给第二个视图。
如果您修改代码以使用UILabel实例，您将获得更好的结果：
UILabel *label1 = [UILabel new];
label1.text = @"Label 1";
label1.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
UILabel *label2 = [UILabel new];
label2.text = @"Label 2";
label2.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
[self.stack1 addArrangedSubview:label1];
[self.stack1 addArrangedSubview:label2];
请注意，不必自己显式创建任何约束。这是使用的主要好处UIStackView- 它向开发人员隐藏了约束管理的（通常是丑陋的）细节。
你必须设置你的分布类型。在您的代码中，只需添加：
self.stack1.distribution = UIStackViewDistributionFillEqually;
或者您可以直接在界面构建器中设置分发。例如：
希望有帮助；）拉皮努。
以下两行解决了我的问题
view.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(50).active = true;
view.widthAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(350).active = true;
斯威夫特版本 -
var DynamicView=UIView(frame: CGRectMake(100, 200, 100, 100))
DynamicView.backgroundColor=UIColor.greenColor()
DynamicView.layer.cornerRadius=25
DynamicView.layer.borderWidth=2
self.view.addSubview(DynamicView)
DynamicView.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(50).active = true;
DynamicView.widthAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(350).active = true;
var DynamicView2=UIView(frame: CGRectMake(100, 310, 100, 100))
DynamicView2.backgroundColor=UIColor.greenColor()
DynamicView2.layer.cornerRadius=25
DynamicView2.layer.borderWidth=2
self.view.addSubview(DynamicView2)
DynamicView2.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(50).active = true;
DynamicView2.widthAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(350).active = true;
var DynamicView3:UIView=UIView(frame: CGRectMake(10, 420, 355, 100))
DynamicView3.backgroundColor=UIColor.greenColor()
DynamicView3.layer.cornerRadius=25
DynamicView3.layer.borderWidth=2
self.view.addSubview(DynamicView3)
let yourLabel:UILabel = UILabel(frame: CGRectMake(110, 10, 200, 20))
yourLabel.textColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
//yourLabel.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor()
yourLabel.text = "mylabel text"
DynamicView3.addSubview(yourLabel)
DynamicView3.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(50).active = true;
DynamicView3.widthAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(350).active = true;
let stackView = UIStackView()
stackView.axis = UILayoutConstraintAxis.Vertical
stackView.distribution = UIStackViewDistribution.EqualSpacing
stackView.alignment = UIStackViewAlignment.Center
stackView.spacing = 30
stackView.addArrangedSubview(DynamicView)
stackView.addArrangedSubview(DynamicView2)
stackView.addArrangedSubview(DynamicView3)
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false;
self.view.addSubview(stackView)
//Constraints
stackView.centerXAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(self.view.centerXAnchor).active = true
stackView.centerYAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(self.view.centerYAnchor).active = true
当您尝试隐藏堆栈视图中的任何视图时，对于已接受的答案，约束不正确。
Unable to simultaneously satisfy constraints.
Probably at least one of the constraints in the following list is one you don't want.
Try this:
(1) look at each constraint and try to figure out which you don't expect;
(2) find the code that added the unwanted constraint or constraints and fix it.
(
"<NSLayoutConstraint:0x618000086e50 UIView:0x7fc11c4051c0.height == 120 (active)>",
"<NSLayoutConstraint:0x610000084fb0 'UISV-hiding' UIView:0x7fc11c4051c0.height == 0 (active)>"
)
原因是当隐藏它时view，stackView它会将高度设置为 0 以对其进行动画处理。
解决方案如下更改约束priority。
import UIKit
class ViewController: UIViewController {
let stackView = UIStackView()
let a = UIView()
let b = UIView()
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
a.backgroundColor = UIColor.red
a.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 200).isActive = true
let aHeight = a.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 120)
aHeight.isActive = true
aHeight.priority = 999
let bHeight = b.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 120)
bHeight.isActive = true
bHeight.priority = 999
b.backgroundColor = UIColor.green
b.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 200).isActive = true
view.addSubview(stackView)
stackView.backgroundColor = UIColor.blue
stackView.addArrangedSubview(a)
stackView.addArrangedSubview(b)
stackView.axis = .vertical
stackView.distribution = .equalSpacing
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
}
override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}
// Just add a button in xib file or storyboard and add connect this action.
@IBAction func test(_ sender: Any) {
a.isHidden = !a.isHidden
}
}
//Image View
let imageView = UIImageView()
imageView.backgroundColor = UIColor.blueColor()
imageView.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(120.0).active = true
imageView.widthAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(120.0).active = true
imageView.image = UIImage(named: "buttonFollowCheckGreen")
//Text Label
let textLabel = UILabel()
textLabel.backgroundColor = UIColor.greenColor()
textLabel.widthAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(self.view.frame.width).active = true
textLabel.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(20.0).active = true
textLabel.text = "Hi World"
textLabel.textAlignment = .Center
//Third View
let thirdView = UIImageView()
thirdView.backgroundColor = UIColor.magentaColor()
thirdView.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(120.0).active = true
thirdView.widthAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(120.0).active = true
thirdView.image = UIImage(named: "buttonFollowMagenta")
//Stack View
let stackView = UIStackView()
stackView.axis = UILayoutConstraintAxis.Vertical
stackView.distribution = UIStackViewDistribution.EqualSpacing
stackView.alignment = UIStackViewAlignment.Center
stackView.spacing = 16.0
stackView.addArrangedSubview(imageView)
stackView.addArrangedSubview(textLabel)
stackView.addArrangedSubview(thirdView)
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false;
self.view.addSubview(stackView)
//Constraints
stackView.centerXAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(self.view.centerXAnchor).active = true
stackView.centerYAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(self.view.centerYAnchor).active = true
改进了@Oleg Popov 的答案
Swift 5版本的Oleg Popov 的答案，它基于user1046037 的答案
//Image View
let imageView = UIImageView()
imageView.backgroundColor = UIColor.blue
imageView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 120.0).isActive = true
imageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 120.0).isActive = true
imageView.image = UIImage(named: "buttonFollowCheckGreen")
//Text Label
let textLabel = UILabel()
textLabel.backgroundColor = UIColor.yellow
textLabel.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: self.view.frame.width).isActive = true
textLabel.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 20.0).isActive = true
textLabel.text = "Hi World"
textLabel.textAlignment = .center
//Stack View
let stackView = UIStackView()
stackView.axis = NSLayoutConstraint.Axis.vertical
stackView.distribution = UIStackView.Distribution.equalSpacing
stackView.alignment = UIStackView.Alignment.center
stackView.spacing = 16.0
stackView.addArrangedSubview(imageView)
stackView.addArrangedSubview(textLabel)
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
self.view.addSubview(stackView)
//Constraints
stackView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
stackView.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
在我的情况下，我期望的事情是我错过了这一行：
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false;
之后，无需对我安排的子视图设置任何约束，stackview 正在处理这个问题。
我刚刚遇到了非常相似的问题。就像之前提到的堆栈视图的尺寸取决于排列的子视图的一种内在内容大小。这是我在 Swift 2.x 和以下视图结构中的解决方案：
视图 - UIView
自定义视图 - 自定义视图：UIView
stackView - UIStackView
排列的子视图 - 自定义 UIView 子类
//: [Previous](@previous)
import Foundation
import UIKit
import XCPlayground
/**Container for stack view*/
class CustomView:UIView {
override init(frame: CGRect) {
super.init(frame: frame)
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
}
init(){
super.init(frame: CGRectZero)
}
}
/**Custom Subclass*/
class CustomDrawing:UIView{
override init(frame: CGRect) {
super.init(frame: frame)
setup()
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
setup()
}
func setup(){
// self.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
print("setup \(frame)")
}
override func drawRect(rect: CGRect) {
let ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()
CGContextMoveToPoint(ctx, 0, 0)
CGContextAddLineToPoint(ctx, CGRectGetWidth(bounds), CGRectGetHeight(bounds))
CGContextStrokePath(ctx)
print("DrawRect")
}
}
//: [Next](@next)
let stackView = UIStackView()
stackView.distribution = .FillProportionally
stackView.alignment = .Center
stackView.axis = .Horizontal
stackView.spacing = 10
//container view
let view = UIView(frame: CGRectMake(0,0,320,640))
view.backgroundColor = UIColor.darkGrayColor()
//now custom view
let customView = CustomView()
view.addSubview(customView)
customView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
customView.widthAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(220).active = true
customView.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(60).active = true
customView.centerXAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.centerXAnchor).active = true
customView.centerYAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.centerYAnchor).active = true
customView.backgroundColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()
//add a stack view
customView.addSubview(stackView)
stackView.centerXAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(customView.centerXAnchor).active = true
stackView.centerYAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(customView.centerYAnchor).active = true
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
let c1 = CustomDrawing()
c1.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
c1.backgroundColor = UIColor.redColor()
c1.widthAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(30).active = true
c1.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(30).active = true
let c2 = CustomDrawing()
c2.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
c2.backgroundColor = UIColor.blueColor()
c2.widthAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(30).active = true
c2.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToConstant(30).active = true
stackView.addArrangedSubview(c1)
stackView.addArrangedSubview(c2)
XCPlaygroundPage.currentPage.liveView = view
如果UIView要添加许多 s，可以使用以下扩展名，在其中传递一个UIViews 数组，它将它们添加到UIStackView按顺序中
extension UIStackView {
func addArrangedSubviews(_ subviews: [UIView]) {
subviews.forEach{ self.addArrangedSubview($0) }
}
}
您可以使用以更简单的方式处理类.intrinsicContentSize的子类，而不是对所有约束进行编码。UIView该解决方案还稍微改进了Interface Builder ，以支持视图的“ intrinsicWidth ”和“ intrinsicHeight ”。虽然您可以扩展 UIView 并使这些属性在IB中的所有 UIView 上都可用，但它对子类更清晰。
// IntrinsicView.h
@import UIKit
IB_DESIGNABLE
@interface IntrinsicView : UIView
-(instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)rect;
@property IBInspectable CGSize intrinsic;
@end
// IntrinsicView.m
#import "IntrinsicView.h"
@implementation IntrinsicView {
CGSize _intrinsic;
}
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
_intrinsic = frame.size;
if ( !(self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) ) return nil;
// your stuff here..
return self;
}
-(CGSize)intrinsicContentSize {
return _intrinsic;
}
-(void)prepareForInterfaceBuilder {
self.frame = CGRectMake(self.frame.origin.x, self.frame.origin.y, _intrinsic.width,_intrinsic.height);
}
@end
这意味着您可以只分配那些 IntrinsicView 并将其self.frame.size视为intrinsicContentSize. 这样它就不会干扰正常的布局，并且您不需要设置甚至不完全适用的约束关系UIStackViews
#import "IntrinsicView.h"
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
UIStackView *column = [[UIStackView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.frame];
column.spacing = 2;
column.alignment = UIStackViewAlignmentFill;
column.axis = UILayoutConstraintAxisVertical; //Up-Down
column.distribution = UIStackViewDistributionFillEqually;
for (int row=0; row<5; row++) {
//..frame:(CGRect) defines here proportions and
//relation to axis of StackView
IntrinsicView *intrinsicView = [[IntrinsicView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 30.0, 30.0)];
[column addArrangedSubview:intrinsicView];
}
[self.view addSubview:column];
}
现在你可以为 UIStackView 发疯了
或在swift + 编码、解码、IB 支持、Objective-C 支持中
@IBDesignable @objc class IntrinsicView : UIView {
@IBInspectable var intrinsic : CGSize
@objc override init(frame: CGRect) {
intrinsic = frame.size
super.init(frame: frame)
}
required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
intrinsic = coder.decodeCGSize(forKey: "intrinsic")
super.init(coder: coder)
}
override func encode(with coder: NSCoder) {
coder.encode(intrinsic, forKey: "intrinsic")
super.encode(with: coder)
}
override var intrinsicContentSize: CGSize {
return intrinsic
}
override func prepareForInterfaceBuilder() {
frame = CGRect(x: self.frame.origin.x, y: self.frame.origin.y, width: intrinsic.width, height: intrinsic.height)
}
}
真的不建议设置高度约束...如果可以，永远，永远，永远不要设置高度！您需要检查 UIStackView 内视图的所有约束，并确保底部、顶部、前导和尾随有约束。有人对我说：这就像一个推墙的人。如果他不推 4 面，其中一面墙会落在他身上。
func configureHorizontalView(){
containerView.addSubview(horizontalStackView)
_ = horizontalStackView.anchor(top: secondCurrencyTextField.bottomAnchor,
left: containerView.leftAnchor,
bottom: nil,
right: containerView.rightAnchor,
topConstant: 40,
leftConstant: 30,
bottomConstant: 0,
rightConstant: 30,
widthConstant: 0,
heightConstant: 65)
}
func configureFirstDropDownlabel(){
//add a view to stackView with addArrangedSubview()
horizontalStackView.addArrangedSubview(firstDropDownlabel)
_ = firstDropDownlabel.anchor(top: horizontalStackView.bottomAnchor,
left: horizontalStackView.leftAnchor,
bottom: nil, right: nil,
topConstant: 40,
leftConstant: 30,
bottomConstant: 0,
rightConstant: 0,
widthConstant: 0,
heightConstant: 0)
firstDropDownlabel.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 130).isActive = true
firstDropDownlabel.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 65).isActive = true
}
试试下面的代码：
UIView *view1 = [[UIView alloc]init];
view1.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
[view1 setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 50, 50)];
UIView *view2 = [[UIView alloc]init];
view2.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
[view2 setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 100, 100, 100)];
NSArray *subView = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:view1,view2, nil];
[self.stack1 initWithArrangedSubviews:subView];