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我最近决定，因为我经常尝试使用最新版本的 . nmap，所以最好在不安装的情况下保留其 SVN 结帐~/.nmap并运行svn up; make以使其保持最新状态。我添加~/.nmap并$PATH刚刚意识到使用此设置，我无法再运行man nmap了。我继续阅读$MANPATH并意识到这似乎对我不起作用：

[14:51:28][~/.nmap]$ manpath                                          
manpath: warning: $MANPATH set, prepending /etc/man_db.conf
/home/d/virtualenv/share/man:/usr/local/man:/usr/local/share/man:/usr/share/man:/usr/man:/home/d/.nmap/docs/man-xlate/:/home/d/.nmap/docs
[14:51:32][~/.nmap]$ strace  man 1 nmap 2>&1 | egrep 'nmap.1|write'
stat("/home/d/.nmap/docs/zenmap.1", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0664, st_size=5943, ...}) = 0
stat("/home/d/.nmap/docs/nmap.1", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0664, st_size=183621, ...}) = 0
access("/usr/share/man/man1/nmap.1.gz", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
write(2, "No manual entry for nmap in sect"..., 38No manual entry for nmap in section 1

为什么会这样，我该如何解决？我注意到它man也在寻找一个名为index.dbin的文件~/.nmap/docs但找不到它，也许这是一个线索？

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问题是 docs 目录没有 man 需要的目录结构（nmap.1应该在man1子目录中），与使用-M选项时相同：

    -M path, --manpath=path
          Specify an alternate manpath to use.  By default,  man  uses
          manpath  derived code to determine the path to search.  This
          option  overrides  the  $MANPATH  environment  variable  and
          causes option -m to be ignored.

          A  path  specified as a manpath must be the root of a manual
          page hierarchy structured into sections as described in  the
          man-db  manual  (under  "The  manual page system").  To view
          manual pages outside such hierarchies, see the -l option.

使用make install手册页时，安装到正确的类别子目录中。所以MANPATH直接指向 docs 目录是行不通的。

于 2015-06-01T14:34:05.823 回答