当使用 Windows 资源管理器查看文件时，我可以选择设置“标签”、“类别”或其他属性。对于 JPEG，一组不同的属性（包括“标签”）是选项。我希望能够以编程方式设置这些。
如何使用 Delphi（我有 Delphi 2010 Pro）以编程方式设置文件标签和其他文件属性？
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5212 次
4 回答
5
JPEG 文件中的标签存储为 IPTC 关键字。如果您需要的话，有一些库可用于读取和编写这些库。
Explorer 为不同的文件类型显示不同的列，因为它知道这些文件类型支持那些额外的列。您可以定义外壳插件以支持您自己的文件类型的自定义列信息。MSDN 提供了一个概述。
于 2010-06-16T00:25:05.117 回答
4
我认为您想要检索可以在资源管理器中按鼠标右键访问的文件的所有属性。
你可以使用这个单位：
unit u_fsummary;
interface
uses Windows, ComObj, ActiveX, Variants, Sysutils;
procedure SetFileSummaryInfo(const FileName : WideString; Author, Title, Subject, Keywords, Comments : WideString);
function GetFileSummaryInfo(const FileName: WideString): String;
function IsNTFS(AFileName : string) : boolean;
implementation
const
FmtID_SummaryInformation: TGUID = '{F29F85E0-4FF9-1068-AB91-08002B27B3D9}';
FMTID_DocSummaryInformation : TGUID = '{D5CDD502-2E9C-101B-9397-08002B2CF9AE}';
FMTID_UserDefinedProperties : TGUID = '{D5CDD505-2E9C-101B-9397-08002B2CF9AE}';
IID_IPropertySetStorage : TGUID = '{0000013A-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}';
STGFMT_FILE = 3; //Indicates that the file must not be a compound file.
//This element is only valid when using the StgCreateStorageEx
//or StgOpenStorageEx functions to access the NTFS file system
//implementation of the IPropertySetStorage interface.
//Therefore, these functions return an error if the riid
//parameter does not specify the IPropertySetStorage interface,
//or if the specified file is not located on an NTFS file system volume.
STGFMT_ANY = 4; //Indicates that the system will determine the file type and
//use the appropriate structured storage or property set
//implementation.
//This value cannot be used with the StgCreateStorageEx function.
// Summary Information
PID_TITLE = 2;
PID_SUBJECT = 3;
PID_AUTHOR = 4;
PID_KEYWORDS = 5;
PID_COMMENTS = 6;
PID_TEMPLATE = 7;
PID_LASTAUTHOR = 8;
PID_REVNUMBER = 9;
PID_EDITTIME = 10;
PID_LASTPRINTED = 11;
PID_CREATE_DTM = 12;
PID_LASTSAVE_DTM = 13;
PID_PAGECOUNT = 14;
PID_WORDCOUNT = 15;
PID_CHARCOUNT = 16;
PID_THUMBNAIL = 17;
PID_APPNAME = 18;
PID_SECURITY = 19;
// Document Summary Information
PID_CATEGORY = 2;
PID_PRESFORMAT = 3;
PID_BYTECOUNT = 4;
PID_LINECOUNT = 5;
PID_PARCOUNT = 6;
PID_SLIDECOUNT = 7;
PID_NOTECOUNT = 8;
PID_HIDDENCOUNT = 9;
PID_MMCLIPCOUNT = 10;
PID_SCALE = 11;
PID_HEADINGPAIR = 12;
PID_DOCPARTS = 13;
PID_MANAGER = 14;
PID_COMPANY = 15;
PID_LINKSDIRTY = 16;
PID_CHARCOUNT2 = 17;
function IsNTFS(AFileName : string) : boolean;
var
fso, drv : OleVariant;
begin
IsNTFS := False;
fso := CreateOleObject('Scripting.FileSystemObject');
drv := fso.GetDrive(fso.GetDriveName(AFileName));
if drv.FileSystem = 'NTFS' then
IsNTFS := True;
end;
function StgOpenStorageEx (
const pwcsName : POleStr; //Pointer to the path of the
//file containing storage object
grfMode : LongInt; //Specifies the access mode for the object
stgfmt : DWORD; //Specifies the storage file format
grfAttrs : DWORD; //Reserved; must be zero
pStgOptions : Pointer; //Address of STGOPTIONS pointer
reserved2 : Pointer; //Reserved; must be zero
riid : PGUID; //Specifies the GUID of the interface pointer
out stgOpen : //Address of an interface pointer
IStorage ) : HResult; stdcall; external 'ole32.dll';
function GetFileSummaryInfo(const FileName: WideString): String;
var
I: Integer;
PropSetStg: IPropertySetStorage;
PropSpec: array of TPropSpec;
PropStg: IPropertyStorage;
PropVariant: array of TPropVariant;
Rslt: HResult;
S: String;
Stg: IStorage;
PropEnum: IEnumSTATPROPSTG;
HR : HResult;
PropStat: STATPROPSTG;
k : integer;
function PropertyPIDToCaption(const ePID: Cardinal): string;
begin
case ePID of
PID_TITLE:
Result := 'Title';
PID_SUBJECT:
Result := 'Subject';
PID_AUTHOR:
Result := 'Author';
PID_KEYWORDS:
Result := 'Keywords';
PID_COMMENTS:
Result := 'Comments';
PID_TEMPLATE:
Result := 'Template';
PID_LASTAUTHOR:
Result := 'Last Saved By';
PID_REVNUMBER:
Result := 'Revision Number';
PID_EDITTIME:
Result := 'Total Editing Time';
PID_LASTPRINTED:
Result := 'Last Printed';
PID_CREATE_DTM:
Result := 'Create Time/Date';
PID_LASTSAVE_DTM:
Result := 'Last Saved Time/Date';
PID_PAGECOUNT:
Result := 'Number of Pages';
PID_WORDCOUNT:
Result := 'Number of Words';
PID_CHARCOUNT:
Result := 'Number of Characters';
PID_THUMBNAIL:
Result := 'Thumbnail';
PID_APPNAME:
Result := 'Creating Application';
PID_SECURITY:
Result := 'Security';
else
Result := '$' + IntToHex(ePID, 8);
end
end;
begin
Result := '';
try
OleCheck(StgOpenStorageEx(PWideChar(FileName),
STGM_READ or STGM_SHARE_DENY_WRITE,
STGFMT_FILE,
0, nil, nil, @IID_IPropertySetStorage, stg));
PropSetStg := Stg as IPropertySetStorage;
OleCheck(PropSetStg.Open(FmtID_SummaryInformation,
STGM_READ or STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE, PropStg));
OleCheck(PropStg.Enum(PropEnum));
I := 0;
hr := PropEnum.Next(1, PropStat, nil);
while hr = S_OK do
begin
inc(I);
SetLength(PropSpec,I);
PropSpec[i-1].ulKind := PRSPEC_PROPID;
PropSpec[i-1].propid := PropStat.propid;
hr := PropEnum.Next(1, PropStat, nil);
end;
SetLength(PropVariant,i);
Rslt := PropStg.ReadMultiple(i, @PropSpec[0], @PropVariant[0]);
if Rslt = S_FALSE then Exit;
for k := 0 to i -1 do
begin
S := '';
if PropVariant[k].vt = VT_LPSTR then
if Assigned(PropVariant[k].pszVal) then
S := PropVariant[k].pszVal;
S := Format(PropertyPIDToCaption(PropSpec[k].Propid)+ ' %s',[s]);
if S <> '' then Result := Result + S + #13;
end;
finally
end;
end;
procedure SetFileSummaryInfo(const FileName : WideString; Author, Title, Subject, Keywords, Comments : WideString);
var
PropSetStg: IPropertySetStorage;
PropSpec: array of TPropSpec;
PropStg: IPropertyStorage;
PropVariant: array of TPropVariant;
Stg: IStorage;
begin
OleCheck(StgOpenStorageEx(PWideChar(FileName), STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE or STGM_READWRITE, STGFMT_ANY, 0, nil, nil, @IID_IPropertySetStorage, stg));
PropSetStg := Stg as IPropertySetStorage;
OleCheck(PropSetStg.Create(FmtID_SummaryInformation, FmtID_SummaryInformation, PROPSETFLAG_DEFAULT,STGM_CREATE or STGM_READWRITE or STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE, PropStg));
Setlength(PropSpec,6);
PropSpec[0].ulKind := PRSPEC_PROPID;
PropSpec[0].propid := PID_AUTHOR;
PropSpec[1].ulKind := PRSPEC_PROPID;
PropSpec[1].propid := PID_TITLE;
PropSpec[2].ulKind := PRSPEC_PROPID;
PropSpec[2].propid := PID_SUBJECT;
PropSpec[3].ulKind := PRSPEC_PROPID;
PropSpec[3].propid := PID_KEYWORDS;
PropSpec[4].ulKind := PRSPEC_PROPID;
PropSpec[4].propid := PID_COMMENTS;
PropSpec[5].ulKind := PRSPEC_PROPID;
PropSpec[5].propid := 99;
SetLength(PropVariant,6);
PropVariant[0].vt:=VT_LPWSTR;
PropVariant[0].pwszVal:=PWideChar(Author);
PropVariant[1].vt:=VT_LPWSTR;
PropVariant[1].pwszVal:=PWideChar(Title);
PropVariant[2].vt:= VT_LPWSTR;
PropVariant[2].pwszVal:=PWideChar(Subject);
PropVariant[3].vt:= VT_LPWSTR;
PropVariant[3].pwszVal:=PWideChar(Keywords);
PropVariant[4].vt:= VT_LPWSTR;
PropVariant[4].pwszVal:=PWideChar(Comments);
PropVariant[5].vt:= VT_LPWSTR;
PropVariant[5].pwszVal:=PWideChar(Comments);
OleCheck(PropStg.WriteMultiple(6, @PropSpec[0], @PropVariant[0], 2 ));
PropStg.Commit(STGC_DEFAULT);
end;
end.
这不是我的代码，但我已经成功使用它。它工作正常。要检索属性，您可以这样做：
mmProps2.Lines.Text := GetFileSummaryInfo(edtFile.Text);
问候
内夫塔利
于 2010-06-16T08:37:10.430 回答
2
我不知道存储其他元数据信息的标准方法。每个应用程序都可以在那里注册自己的属性选项卡，并且可以以任何方式存储此元数据信息。
我相信您所说的 Windows 照片库的图像标记功能。
信息存储在两个文件中：pictures.pd4 和 NavTree.state，由想要删除此信息的 Gail Bjork 人确定。
这存储在：C:\Users\YourUser\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows Photo Gallery。
有些人已经弄清楚了文件格式。但我还没有从微软内部或外部的任何人那里找到发布的规范。
您还询问了其他文件属性，这些属性可以通过
FileSetAttr(FileName,Attribute)
可设置的属性：
- faReadOnly
- fa隐藏
- faSys文件
- faVolumeID
- fa目录
- 档案
- faSymLink
//The following sets test.txt to a readonly and hidden file.
FileSetAttr('C:\Test.txt',faReadOnly or faHidden);
该函数确实有一个布尔结果，您可以检查该操作是否成功完成。
于 2010-06-16T00:16:33.610 回答
0
我现在正在开发一个标记应用程序，似乎最好的答案是Windows Imaging Component API，它具有读取和写入各种图像格式（Exif、IPTC 等）的元数据的实现。应该区分文件系统中文件的元数据和文件本身中的元数据——这是引用后者。
于 2013-09-25T20:23:08.117 回答