我在用 Java 登录任何网站时都遇到了一些麻烦。我正在使用默认的 URLconnection POST 请求，但我不确定如何正确处理 cookie。我试过这个指南：http ://www.hccp.org/java-net-cookie-how-to.html但无法让它工作。我已经尝试了好几天了，如果有人想帮助我，我真的需要帮助。
我可能会被告知它很乱，我应该使用专门用于这些东西的自定义库。我尝试下载一个，但不知道如何设置和工作。我已经尝试了好几个小时了，但它就是行不通。我宁愿用标准的 URL 连接来做这件事，但如果有人能帮助我让另一个库工作得更好，那也很好。
如果有人可以发布我可以学习的工作资源，我将不胜感激。我需要的是：将登录数据发布到站点-> 从站点获取并存储 cookie-> 使用带有下一个 URLconnection 请求的 cookie 来获取站点的登录版本。
谁能帮我这个？将不胜感激。这确实意味着很多。如果有人想真正帮助我直播，请留下即时通讯地址。非常感谢您的宝贵时间。
package org.hccp.net;
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.text.*;
/**
* CookieManager is a simple utilty for handling cookies when working
* with java.net.URL and java.net.URLConnection
* objects.
*
*
* Cookiemanager cm = new CookieManager();
* URL url = new URL("http://www.hccp.org/test/cookieTest.jsp");
*
* . . .
*
* // getting cookies:
* URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
* conn.connect();
*
* // setting cookies
* cm.storeCookies(conn);
* cm.setCookies(url.openConnection());
*
* @author Ian Brown
*
**/
public class CookieManager {
private Map store;
private static final String SET_COOKIE = "Set-Cookie";
private static final String COOKIE_VALUE_DELIMITER = ";";
private static final String PATH = "path";
private static final String EXPIRES = "expires";
private static final String DATE_FORMAT = "EEE, dd-MMM-yyyy hh:mm:ss z";
private static final String SET_COOKIE_SEPARATOR="; ";
private static final String COOKIE = "Cookie";
private static final char NAME_VALUE_SEPARATOR = '=';
private static final char DOT = '.';
private DateFormat dateFormat;
public CookieManager() {
store = new HashMap();
dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT);
}
/**
* Retrieves and stores cookies returned by the host on the other side
* of the the open java.net.URLConnection.
*
* The connection MUST have been opened using the connect()
* method or a IOException will be thrown.
*
* @param conn a java.net.URLConnection - must be open, or IOException will be thrown
* @throws java.io.IOException Thrown if conn is not open.
*/
public void storeCookies(URLConnection conn) throws IOException {
// let's determine the domain from where these cookies are being sent
String domain = getDomainFromHost(conn.getURL().getHost());
Map domainStore; // this is where we will store cookies for this domain
// now let's check the store to see if we have an entry for this domain
if (store.containsKey(domain)) {
// we do, so lets retrieve it from the store
domainStore = (Map)store.get(domain);
} else {
// we don't, so let's create it and put it in the store
domainStore = new HashMap();
store.put(domain, domainStore);
}
// OK, now we are ready to get the cookies out of the URLConnection
String headerName=null;
for (int i=1; (headerName = conn.getHeaderFieldKey(i)) != null; i++) {
if (headerName.equalsIgnoreCase(SET_COOKIE)) {
Map cookie = new HashMap();
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(conn.getHeaderField(i), COOKIE_VALUE_DELIMITER);
// the specification dictates that the first name/value pair
// in the string is the cookie name and value, so let's handle
// them as a special case:
if (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
String token = st.nextToken();
String name = token.substring(0, token.indexOf(NAME_VALUE_SEPARATOR));
String value = token.substring(token.indexOf(NAME_VALUE_SEPARATOR) + 1, token.length());
domainStore.put(name, cookie);
cookie.put(name, value);
}
while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
String token = st.nextToken();
cookie.put(token.substring(0, token.indexOf(NAME_VALUE_SEPARATOR)).toLowerCase(),
token.substring(token.indexOf(NAME_VALUE_SEPARATOR) + 1, token.length()));
}
}
}
}
/**
* Prior to opening a URLConnection, calling this method will set all
* unexpired cookies that match the path or subpaths for thi underlying URL
*
* The connection MUST NOT have been opened
* method or an IOException will be thrown.
*
* @param conn a java.net.URLConnection - must NOT be open, or IOException will be thrown
* @throws java.io.IOException Thrown if conn has already been opened.
*/
public void setCookies(URLConnection conn) throws IOException {
// let's determine the domain and path to retrieve the appropriate cookies
URL url = conn.getURL();
String domain = getDomainFromHost(url.getHost());
String path = url.getPath();
Map domainStore = (Map)store.get(domain);
if (domainStore == null) return;
StringBuffer cookieStringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
Iterator cookieNames = domainStore.keySet().iterator();
while(cookieNames.hasNext()) {
String cookieName = (String)cookieNames.next();
Map cookie = (Map)domainStore.get(cookieName);
// check cookie to ensure path matches and cookie is not expired
// if all is cool, add cookie to header string
if (comparePaths((String)cookie.get(PATH), path) && isNotExpired((String)cookie.get(EXPIRES))) {
cookieStringBuffer.append(cookieName);
cookieStringBuffer.append("=");
cookieStringBuffer.append((String)cookie.get(cookieName));
if (cookieNames.hasNext()) cookieStringBuffer.append(SET_COOKIE_SEPARATOR);
}
}
try {
conn.setRequestProperty(COOKIE, cookieStringBuffer.toString());
} catch (java.lang.IllegalStateException ise) {
IOException ioe = new IOException("Illegal State! Cookies cannot be set on a URLConnection that is already connected. "
+ "Only call setCookies(java.net.URLConnection) AFTER calling java.net.URLConnection.connect().");
throw ioe;
}
}
private String getDomainFromHost(String host) {
if (host.indexOf(DOT) != host.lastIndexOf(DOT)) {
return host.substring(host.indexOf(DOT) + 1);
} else {
return host;
}
}
private boolean isNotExpired(String cookieExpires) {
if (cookieExpires == null) return true;
Date now = new Date();
try {
return (now.compareTo(dateFormat.parse(cookieExpires))) <= 0;
} catch (java.text.ParseException pe) {
pe.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
private boolean comparePaths(String cookiePath, String targetPath) {
if (cookiePath == null) {
return true;
} else if (cookiePath.equals("/")) {
return true;
} else if (targetPath.regionMatches(0, cookiePath, 0, cookiePath.length())) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* Returns a string representation of stored cookies organized by domain.
*/
public String toString() {
return store.toString();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
CookieManager cm = new CookieManager();
try {
URL url = new URL("http://www.hccp.org/test/cookieTest.jsp");
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
conn.connect();
cm.storeCookies(conn);
System.out.println(cm);
cm.setCookies(url.openConnection());
} catch (IOException ioe) {
ioe.printStackTrace();
}
}
}