我想列出 Windows 路由表中的条目。与 from 相同的输出route print。我使用GetIpForwardTable2来自 IP Helper API 的函数。但是我得到了一些与路由命令输出不同的奇怪结果。我在 VirtualBox 的 Windows 7 64 位中运行它，我有 3 个网卡（NAT、网桥和内部网络）并在 cygwin 下使用以下命令编译它：
gcc -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0601 -DNTDDI_VERSION=0x06010000 win-iproute.c -liphlpapi
这些只是为了使 Win7 中的功能可用_WIN32_WINNT。NTDDI_VERSION为了更简单，我现在只考虑 ipv4。
这是代码：
#include <windows.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <iphlpapi.h>
#include <Mstcpip.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
DWORD retval;
MIB_IPFORWARD_TABLE2 *routes = NULL;
MIB_IPFORWARD_ROW2 *route;
int idx;
retval = GetIpForwardTable2(AF_INET, &routes);
if (retval != ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
fprintf(stderr, "GetIpForwardTable2 failed (0x%x)\n.", retval);
return 1;
}
printf("Route entries count: %lu\n", routes->NumEntries);
for (idx = 0; idx < routes->NumEntries; idx++)
{
printf("\n -- Entry #%d -- \n", idx);
route = routes->Table + idx;
printf("luid: \t\t Reserved: %u, NetLuidIndex %u, IfType %u\n",
route->InterfaceLuid.Info.Reserved,
route->InterfaceLuid.Info.NetLuidIndex,
route->InterfaceLuid.Info.IfType);
printf("protocol: \t %lu\n", route->Protocol);
printf("origin: \t %lu\n", route->Origin);
printf("loopback: \t %lu\n", route->Loopback);
printf("next hop: \t %s\n", inet_ntoa(route->NextHop.Ipv4.sin_addr));
printf("site prefix length: \t %u\n", route->SitePrefixLength);
printf("prefix length: \t %u\n", route->DestinationPrefix.PrefixLength);
printf("prefix : \t %s\n", inet_ntoa(route->DestinationPrefix.Prefix.Ipv4.sin_addr));
}
return 0;
}
输出是：
Route entries count: 22
-- Entry #0 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 6, IfType 6
protocol: 0
origin: 0
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 0
prefix : 0.0.0.0
-- Entry #1 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 0
origin: 0
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 3
prefix : 0.0.0.0
-- Entry #2 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 4294967295
origin: 257
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 10
prefix : 0.1.0.0
-- Entry #3 --
luid: Reserved: 17, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 11
origin: 0
loopback: 2
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 17
prefix length: 0
prefix : 2.0.0.0
-- Entry #4 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 32
origin: 0
loopback: 2
next hop: 0.1.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 255
prefix : 2.0.0.0
-- Entry #5 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 0
origin: 256
loopback: 255
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 11
prefix : 255.255.255.255
-- Entry #6 --
luid: Reserved: 3, NetLuidIndex 65792, IfType 0
protocol: 201326592
origin: 2
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 3
prefix length: 24
prefix : 0.0.6.0
-- Entry #7 --
luid: Reserved: 5855577, NetLuidIndex 89, IfType 0
protocol: 0
origin: 2
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.1.0.0
site prefix length: 89
prefix length: 0
prefix : 0.0.0.0
-- Entry #8 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 0
origin: 4294967295
loopback: 0
next hop: 2.0.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 0
prefix : 0.0.0.0
-- Entry #9 --
luid: Reserved: 16777215, NetLuidIndex 65791, IfType 0
protocol: 593
origin: 1572864
loopback: 0
next hop: 2.0.0.0
site prefix length: 255
prefix length: 0
prefix : 0.0.0.0
-- Entry #10 --
luid: Reserved: 1, NetLuidIndex 512, IfType 0
protocol: 0
origin: 0
loopback: 0
next hop: 255.255.255.255
site prefix length: 1
prefix length: 0
prefix : 0.0.0.0
-- Entry #11 --
luid: Reserved: 4, NetLuidIndex 512, IfType 0
protocol: 0
origin: 0
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.6.0
site prefix length: 4
prefix length: 81
prefix : 0.0.0.0
-- Entry #12 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 16776960, IfType 65535
protocol: 3
origin: 1
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 0
prefix : 0.1.0.0
-- Entry #13 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 12, IfType 6
protocol: 4294967295
origin: 0
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 0
prefix : 0.0.0.0
-- Entry #14 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 0
origin: 0
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 3
prefix : 0.0.0.0
-- Entry #15 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 4294967295
origin: 257
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 255
prefix : 0.1.0.0
-- Entry #16 --
luid: Reserved: 585, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 3449440
origin: 0
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 73
prefix length: 0
prefix : 2.0.0.0
-- Entry #17 --
luid: Reserved: 3211321, NetLuidIndex 13056, IfType 65
protocol: 3342403
origin: 4325427
loopback: 49
next hop: 125.0.0.0
site prefix length: 53
prefix length: 68
prefix : 54.0.45.0
-- Entry #18 --
luid: Reserved: 3473453, NetLuidIndex 17408, IfType 54
protocol: 0
origin: 0
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 0
prefix length: 0
prefix : 70.0.69.0
-- Entry #19 --
luid: Reserved: 0, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 7471205
origin: 7274610
loopback: 0
next hop: 115.0.97.0
site prefix length: 111
prefix length: 0
prefix : 0.0.0.0
-- Entry #20 --
luid: Reserved: 7274611, NetLuidIndex 26112, IfType 116
protocol: 3277144
origin: 50725
loopback: 0
next hop: 49.69.55.56
site prefix length: 51
prefix length: 56
prefix : 65.0.100.0
-- Entry #21 --
luid: Reserved: 3277144, NetLuidIndex 0, IfType 0
protocol: 0
origin: 0
loopback: 0
next hop: 0.0.0.0
site prefix length: 192
prefix length: 0
prefix : 16.0.0.0
虽然输出route print -4如下：
===========================================================================
Interface List
16...08 00 27 7e 98 16 ......Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter #3
14...08 00 27 86 3d 31 ......Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter #2
11...08 00 27 42 d2 16 ......Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter
1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1
12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter
13...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface
15...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2
17...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #3
===========================================================================
IPv4 Route Table
===========================================================================
Active Routes:
Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.2.2 10.0.2.15 10
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.138 10.0.0.36 10
10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 10.0.0.36 266
10.0.0.36 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.0.36 266
10.0.0.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.0.36 266
10.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 10.0.2.15 266
10.0.2.15 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.2.15 266
10.0.2.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.2.15 266
89.89.89.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 89.89.89.89 266
89.89.89.89 255.255.255.255 On-link 89.89.89.89 266
89.89.89.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 89.89.89.89 266
127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.0.2.15 266
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.0.0.36 266
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 89.89.89.89 266
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.2.15 266
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.0.36 266
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 89.89.89.89 266
===========================================================================
Persistent Routes:
None
代码输出中有很多奇怪的东西。许多条目具有未记录的值，例如：
Protocol应该在 1-14 范围内（几乎没有条目有这样的值）Luid.IfType不应该是 0（同样几乎所有的都是零）- 几乎没有条目给出任何合理的
Prefix
这里描述了MIB_IPFORWARD_ROW2和这里NET_LUID
我应该忽略那些无效值吗？如果是这样，有效的在哪里？还是我做错了什么？
我还发现，当我在拔下电缆的情况下启动 Windows 时，它提供的条目更少（这是有道理的）。然后我插入电缆并添加条目。但是当我再次拔掉插头时，它们仍然在那里。route命令按预期工作，当拔下电缆时，条目减少。
当我尝试较旧的功能GetIpForwardTable时，它可以工作。但它不支持 ipv6。