通常,您可以通过创建一个新的本体 O 来连接这两个本体,该本体同时导入 D 和 V,并定义一组与其中的类和属性相关的公理。
第一个变体似乎更合乎逻辑(毕竟语义技术是关于互连的),但我可以预见到某些数据类型中的一些不匹配。例如,一家供应商可以用百分比表示电池电量,另一家则使用高、中、低等词。我不确定如何使用 OWL 将这些数据带到共同点。
这实际上是您可以在 OWL 中处理的情况。例如,假设 V1 有一个对象属性hasPowerLevel,它将电池与个体High、Medium和Low之一相关联。假设 V2 有一个数据类型属性hasPercentageRemaining,它将PowerCell与[1,100]范围内的整数相关联。您首先要确定Battery和PowerCell之间的关系。例如,这可能是以下任何一种,或者完全是其他东西。这将取决于类的特定语义。
Battery ⊑ PowerCell
PowerCell ⊑ Battery
PowerCell ≡ Battery
Battery ⊑ PowerCell ⊓ ∃ hasPowerSource-1
Then you'd have to relate the properties. This could be along the lines of
(hasPowerLevel value High) ≡ (hasPercentageRemaining some integer[>= 66])
(hasPowerLevel value Medium) ≡ (hasPercentageRemaining some integer[<= 66, >= 33])
(hasPowerLevel value Low) ≡ (hasPercentageRemaining some integer[<= 33])
That's just one example, but it shows that you can actually do a lot of this "bridging" within OWL.
hasPowerLevel
There maybe even harder cases, requiring regex application and whatever scripting voodoo is usually done. (It is also interesting
detail whether to use dataproperties directly or add one more layer of
indirection by "wrapping" dataproperties with object properties and
concepts per dataproperty to be more prepared for typemismatch).
Those OWL datatype facets (e.g., how we specified ranges of integers) can also handle regex restrictions. That said, it's true that it may often be easier to do some amount of intermediate connecting before uniting everything within OWL. SWRL rules can be helpful here, as can dropping things down to the RDF level and doing some rule-based processing with SPARQL or SPIN.
While there's lots of research in this area, there's not really any magic bullet or solution that will work everywhere. Anything that claims to be universally applicable is going to be so very high level that its practical application will require answering most of the same questions you're already asking. There are some general methodologies that might be useful, but we'd really need some specific situations to be able help with those.