实际上,差异实际上小于 10%,而不是其他人报告的 30%。
为了读取和写入 5MB 文件 24 次,我使用 Profiler 获取了我的数字。他们平均为:
char[] = 4139 ms
CharBuffer = 4466 ms
ByteBuffer = 938 (direct) ms
个别测试多次青睐 CharBuffer。
我还尝试用内存 IO 替换基于文件的 IO,性能相似。如果您尝试从一个本地流传输到另一个,那么最好使用“直接”ByteBuffer。
由于性能差异不到 10%,在实践中,我更喜欢 CharBuffer。它的语法更清晰,无关变量更少,您可以对其进行更直接的操作(即任何需要 CharSequence 的操作)。
基准在下面...有点错误,因为 BufferedReader 分配在测试方法内部而不是外部...但是,下面的示例允许您隔离 IO 时间并消除字符串或字节流调整其内部大小等因素内存缓冲区等
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
File f = getBytes(5000000);
System.out.println(f.getAbsolutePath());
try {
System.gc();
List<Main> impls = new java.util.ArrayList<Main>();
impls.add(new CharArrayImpl());
//impls.add(new CharArrayNoBuffImpl());
impls.add(new CharBufferImpl());
//impls.add(new CharBufferNoBuffImpl());
impls.add(new ByteBufferDirectImpl());
//impls.add(new CharBufferDirectImpl());
for (int i = 0; i < 25; i++) {
for (Main impl : impls) {
test(f, impl);
}
System.out.println("-----");
if(i==0)
continue; //reset profiler
}
System.gc();
System.out.println("Finished");
return;
} finally {
f.delete();
}
}
static int BUFFER_SIZE = 1000;
static File getBytes(int size) throws IOException {
File f = File.createTempFile("input", ".txt");
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(f);
Random r = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
writer.write(Integer.toString(5));
}
writer.close();
return f;
}
static void test(File f, Main impl) throws IOException {
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(f);
File fout = File.createTempFile("output", ".txt");
try {
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(fout, false);
try {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
impl.runTest(in, out);
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(impl.getClass().getName() + " = " + (end - start) + "ms");
} finally {
out.close();
}
} finally {
fout.delete();
in.close();
}
}
public abstract void runTest(InputStream ins, OutputStream outs) throws IOException;
public static class CharArrayImpl extends Main {
char[] buff = new char[BUFFER_SIZE];
public void runTest(InputStream ins, OutputStream outs) throws IOException {
Reader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(ins));
Writer out = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outs));
int n;
while ((n = in.read(buff)) >= 0) {
out.write(buff, 0, n);
}
}
}
public static class CharBufferImpl extends Main {
CharBuffer buff = CharBuffer.allocate(BUFFER_SIZE);
public void runTest(InputStream ins, OutputStream outs) throws IOException {
Reader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(ins));
Writer out = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outs));
int n;
while ((n = in.read(buff)) >= 0) {
buff.flip();
out.append(buff);
buff.clear();
}
}
}
public static class ByteBufferDirectImpl extends Main {
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(BUFFER_SIZE * 2);
public void runTest(InputStream ins, OutputStream outs) throws IOException {
ReadableByteChannel in = Channels.newChannel(ins);
WritableByteChannel out = Channels.newChannel(outs);
int n;
while ((n = in.read(buff)) >= 0) {
buff.flip();
out.write(buff);
buff.clear();
}
}
}