我在 Spring 测试工具中的 Freemarker 模板中解析 JSP 标记时遇到问题。
我的问题是：
为什么 JSP 引用不能在 JUnit 环境中解析？我如何让他们解决？
模板中的代码是：
<#assign sec=JspTaglibs["http://www.springframework.org/security/tags"] />
<#assign springJSP=JspTaglibs["http://www.springframework.org/tags"] />
这两个导入在 Tomcat 环境中都可以正常工作，并且类路径具有正确的 jar 集，至少据我所知：
这些是从测试运行顶部获取的相关类路径条目。
:/Users/.m2/repository/org/springframework/security/spring-security-core/3.2.0.RELEASE/spring-security-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
:/Users/.m2/repository/org/springframework/security/spring-security-web/3.2.0.RELEASE/spring-security-web-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
:/Users/.m2/repository/org/springframework/security/spring-security-config/3.2.0.RELEASE/spring-security-config-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
:/Users/.m2/repository/org/springframework/security/spring-security-taglibs/3.2.0.RELEASE/spring-security-taglibs-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
:/Users/.m2/repository/org/springframework/security/spring-security-acl/3.2.0.RELEASE/spring-security-acl-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
:/Users/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-webmvc/4.1.4.RELEASE/spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar
导致问题的不是一个特定的库，如果我注释掉安全标签，springJSP 的下一次导入也会失败。
异常堆栈跟踪：
Error executing FreeMarker template freemarker.template.TemplateModelException: No mapping defined for http://www.springframework.org/security/tags
==> #assign sec = JspTaglibs["http://www... [in template "admin/layouts/admin_layouts.ftl" at line 1, column 1]
at freemarker.ext.jsp.TaglibFactory.get(TaglibFactory.java:179) ~[freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.DynamicKeyName.dealWithStringKey(DynamicKeyName.java:151) ~[freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.DynamicKeyName._eval(DynamicKeyName.java:108) ~[freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:111) ~[freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Assignment.accept(Assignment.java:106) ~[freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:93) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.include(Environment.java:1712) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.importLib(Environment.java:1784) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.LibraryLoad.accept(LibraryLoad.java:121) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:93) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.include(Environment.java:1712) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Include.accept(Include.java:172) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:93) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.visitByHiddingParent(Environment.java:286) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.visitAndTransform(Environment.java:377) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.CompressedBlock.accept(CompressedBlock.java:73) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:243) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:277) [freemarker-2.3.20.jar:2.3.20]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.processTemplate(FreeMarkerView.java:366) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:283) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:233) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:167) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:303) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1228) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.TestDispatcherServlet.render(TestDispatcherServlet.java:105) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1011) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:955) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:877) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:966) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:857) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:618) [servlet-api.jar:?]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:842) [spring-webmvc-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.TestDispatcherServlet.service(TestDispatcherServlet.java:65) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:725) [servlet-api.jar:?]
at org.springframework.mock.web.MockFilterChain$ServletFilterProxy.doFilter(MockFilterChain.java:167) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.mock.web.MockFilterChain.doFilter(MockFilterChain.java:134) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc.perform(MockMvc.java:144) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at com.ideafactory.mvc.catalog.ProductControllerTest.testProductsNew(ProductControllerTest.java:67) [test-classes/:?]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:1.7.0_45]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) ~[?:1.7.0_45]
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:1.7.0_45]
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) ~[?:1.7.0_45]
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:73) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:82) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:73) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:217) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:83) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:68) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:163) [spring-test-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar:4.1.4.RELEASE]
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160) [junit-4.11.jar:?]
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:74) [junit-rt.jar:?]
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:211) [junit-rt.jar:?]
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:67) [junit-rt.jar:?]
编辑和更新
更多信息：https ://theodoreyoung.wordpress.com/2011/02/19/freemarker-jsp-taglibs-outside-war/#more-227
并不是说它有多大帮助。当 tld 不在 Web 模块中时，如何解决？单元测试的类路径上没有 WEB-INF/，只有一堆 jar 文件，因为 IDE 使用模块类路径。
2 天来，我一直试图让这个工作，因为我无法执行一个测试！