如果您想在不了解具体子类的情况下编写构建器,则代码的调用者必须提供有关要创建哪个子类的信息 - 通过提供实际的类对象或注册一组具有名称的类。例如:
public class Builders
{
public static abstract class AbstractActionModel
{
public abstract void getModel();
public abstract void getAction();
public abstract void setAction(String action);
}
public static class ConcreteActionModel extends AbstractActionModel
{
public void getModel() {};
public void getAction() {};
public void setAction(String action) {};
}
public static class ModelBuilder
{
AbstractActionModel model;
Map<String, Class<? extends AbstractActionModel>> register = new HashMap<String, Class<? extends AbstractActionModel>>();
public void register(String key, Class<? extends AbstractActionModel> c) {register.put("concrete", ConcreteActionModel.class);}
public ModelBuilder choose(String key) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
model = register.get(key).newInstance();
return this;
}
public ModelBuilder action(String action) {
model.setAction(action);
return this;
}
public AbstractActionModel build() {
return model;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
ModelBuilder mb = new ModelBuilder();
mb.register("concrete", ConcreteActionModel.class);
mb.choose("concrete").action("sth").build();
}
}
请注意,抽象类将需要添加 setter 方法,以便构建器可以在不知道具体子类的情况下更新属性。
或者,您可以使用反射来检查子类并调用其方法。