我在使用 Gcc 的线程清理程序时遇到问题，我无法在他们的 bugzilla 或 stackoverflow 上找到该问题，所以我不确定我是否遗漏了某些内容，或者这是否真的是一个错误。如果我创建一个包含以下内容的 main.cpp 文件：
#include <thread>
int main(){
std::thread t([](){});
t.join();
return 0;}
现在，如果我使用以下方法编译它：
g++-4.9.2 -std=c++1y -fsanitize=thread -fPIE -pie -o TestProgram main.cpp
运行生成的可执行文件不会产生任何问题。但是，如果我添加调试信息标志：
g++-4.9.2 -std=c++1y -fsanitize=thread -g -fPIE -pie -o TestProgram main.cpp
然后线程清理程序检测到数据竞争：
WARNING: ThreadSanitizer: data race (pid=22683)
Write of size 8 at 0x7d0c0000efd8 by thread T1:
#0 operator delete(void*) ../../../../gcc-4.9.2/libsanitizer/tsan/tsan_interceptors.cc:592 (libtsan.so.0+0x000000049490)
#1 deallocate /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/ext/new_allocator.h:110 (TestProgram+0x000000002089)
#2 deallocate /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/alloc_traits.h:383 (TestProgram+0x000000001f78)
#3 _M_destroy /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/shared_ptr_base.h:535 (TestProgram+0x0000000026f4)
#4 std::_Sp_counted_base<(__gnu_cxx::_Lock_policy)2>::_M_release() /home/UserG/Compile/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/shared_ptr_base.h:166 (libstdc++.so.6+0x0000000b5c51)
#5 ~__shared_count /home/UserG/Compile/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/shared_ptr_base.h:666 (libstdc++.so.6+0x0000000b5c51)
#6 ~__shared_ptr /home/UserG/Compile/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/shared_ptr_base.h:914 (libstdc++.so.6+0x0000000b5c51)
#7 ~shared_ptr /home/UserG/Compile/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/shared_ptr.h:93 (libstdc++.so.6+0x0000000b5c51)
#8 execute_native_thread_routine ../../../../../gcc-4.9.2/libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/thread.cc:95 (libstdc++.so.6+0x0000000b5c51)
Previous atomic write of size 4 at 0x7d0c0000efd8 by main thread:
#0 __tsan_atomic32_fetch_add ../../../../gcc-4.9.2/libsanitizer/tsan/tsan_interface_atomic.cc:468 (libtsan.so.0+0x0000000206ce)
#1 __exchange_and_add /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/ext/atomicity.h:49 (TestProgram+0x0000000014a0)
#2 __exchange_and_add_dispatch /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/ext/atomicity.h:82 (TestProgram+0x000000001557)
#3 std::_Sp_counted_base<(__gnu_cxx::_Lock_policy)2>::_M_release() /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/shared_ptr_base.h:146 (TestProgram+0x000000002ceb)
#4 std::__shared_count<(__gnu_cxx::_Lock_policy)2>::~__shared_count() /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/shared_ptr_base.h:666 (TestProgram+0x000000002cb6)
#5 std::__shared_ptr<std::thread::_Impl_base, (__gnu_cxx::_Lock_policy)2>::~__shared_ptr() /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/shared_ptr_base.h:914 (TestProgram+0x000000002bc1)
#6 std::shared_ptr<std::thread::_Impl_base>::~shared_ptr() /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/shared_ptr.h:93 (TestProgram+0x000000002bed)
#7 thread<main()::<lambda()> > /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/thread:135 (TestProgram+0x0000000016f1)
#8 main /home/UserG/main.cpp:3 (TestProgram+0x0000000015af)
Location is heap block of size 48 at 0x7d0c0000efd0 allocated by main thread:
#0 operator new(unsigned long) ../../../../gcc-4.9.2/libsanitizer/tsan/tsan_interceptors.cc:560 (libtsan.so.0+0x0000000496d2)
#1 allocate /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/ext/new_allocator.h:104 (TestProgram+0x000000001fe9)
#2 allocate /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/alloc_traits.h:357 (TestProgram+0x000000001ecd)
#3 __shared_count<std::thread::_Impl<std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> >, std::allocator<std::thread::_Impl<std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> > >, std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> > /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/shared_ptr_base.h:616 (TestProgram+0x000000001d99)
#4 __shared_ptr<std::allocator<std::thread::_Impl<std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> > >, std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> > /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/shared_ptr_base.h:1090 (TestProgram+0x000000001ccb)
#5 shared_ptr<std::allocator<std::thread::_Impl<std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> > >, std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> > /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/shared_ptr.h:316 (TestProgram+0x000000001c5f)
#6 allocate_shared<std::thread::_Impl<std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> >, std::allocator<std::thread::_Impl<std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> > >, std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> > /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/shared_ptr.h:588 (TestProgram+0x000000001bf0)
#7 make_shared<std::thread::_Impl<std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> >, std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> > /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/bits/shared_ptr.h:604 (TestProgram+0x000000001ab0)
#8 _M_make_routine<std::_Bind_simple<main()::<lambda()>()> > /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/thread:193 (TestProgram+0x000000001919)
#9 thread<main()::<lambda()> > /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/thread:135 (TestProgram+0x0000000016bf)
#10 main /home/UserG/main.cpp:3 (TestProgram+0x0000000015af)
Thread T1 (tid=22685, running) created by main thread at:
#0 pthread_create ../../../../gcc-4.9.2/libsanitizer/tsan/tsan_interceptors.cc:877 (libtsan.so.0+0x000000047c03)
#1 __gthread_create /home/UserG/Compile/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libstdc++-v3/include/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bits/gthr-default.h:662 (libstdc++.so.6+0x0000000b5d00)
#2 std::thread::_M_start_thread(std::shared_ptr<std::thread::_Impl_base>) ../../../../../gcc-4.9.2/libstdc++-v3/src/c++11/thread.cc:142 (libstdc++.so.6+0x0000000b5d00)
#3 main /home/UserG/main.cpp:3 (TestProgram+0x0000000015af)
SUMMARY: ThreadSanitizer: data race /usr/local/include/c++/4.9.2/ext/new_allocator.h:110 deallocate
==================
ThreadSanitizer: reported 1 warnings
现在用 clang++（版本 3.6.0（主干 221144））编译的完全相同的代码没有检测到数据竞争：
clang++ -std=c++1y -fsanitize=thread -g -fPIE -pie -o TestProgram main.cpp
我对 gcc 的这种行为有点好奇，因为：1) 将一个空的 lambda 函数作为参数传递给线程对我来说似乎是合法的 2) gcc 的行为取决于 -g 标志，这并没有让我觉得有很多事情要做使用 thread sanitizer 3）在类似情况下 clang 采取了我认为正确的行为
非常感谢，