我正在尝试执行此查询:
declare @tablename varchar(50)
set @tablename = 'test'
select * from @tablename
这会产生以下错误:
消息 1087,第 16 层,状态 1,第 5 行
必须声明表变量“@tablename”。
动态填充表名的正确方法是什么?
我正在尝试执行此查询:
declare @tablename varchar(50)
set @tablename = 'test'
select * from @tablename
这会产生以下错误:
消息 1087,第 16 层,状态 1,第 5 行
必须声明表变量“@tablename”。
动态填充表名的正确方法是什么?
对于静态查询,例如您的问题中的查询,表名和列名需要是静态的。
对于动态查询,您应该动态生成完整的 SQL,并使用 sp_executesql 来执行它。
下面是一个用于比较不同数据库的相同表之间数据的脚本示例:
静态查询:
SELECT * FROM [DB_ONE].[dbo].[ACTY]
EXCEPT
SELECT * FROM [DB_TWO].[dbo].[ACTY]
由于我想轻松更改 and 的名称table
,schema
我创建了这个动态查询:
declare @schema varchar(50)
declare @table varchar(50)
declare @query nvarchar(500)
set @schema = 'dbo'
set @table = 'ACTY'
set @query = 'SELECT * FROM [DB_ONE].[' + @schema + '].[' + @table + '] EXCEPT SELECT * FROM [DB_TWO].[' + @schema + '].[' + @table + ']'
EXEC sp_executesql @query
由于动态查询有很多细节需要考虑,而且很难维护,我建议你阅读:动态SQL的祸与福
将您的最后一条语句更改为:
EXEC('SELECT * FROM ' + @tablename)
这就是我在存储过程中的做法。第一个块将声明变量,并根据当前年份和月份名称设置表名,在本例中为 TEST_2012OCTOBER。然后我检查它是否已经存在于数据库中,如果存在则删除。然后下一个块将使用 SELECT INTO 语句创建表,并使用来自另一个表的记录填充它的参数。
--DECLARE TABLE NAME VARIABLE DYNAMICALLY
DECLARE @table_name varchar(max)
SET @table_name =
(SELECT 'TEST_'
+ DATENAME(YEAR,GETDATE())
+ UPPER(DATENAME(MONTH,GETDATE())) )
--DROP THE TABLE IF IT ALREADY EXISTS
IF EXISTS(SELECT name
FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = @table_name AND xtype = 'U')
BEGIN
EXEC('drop table ' + @table_name)
END
--CREATES TABLE FROM DYNAMIC VARIABLE AND INSERTS ROWS FROM ANOTHER TABLE
EXEC('SELECT * INTO ' + @table_name + ' FROM dbo.MASTER WHERE STATUS_CD = ''A''')
采用:
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetByName]
@TableName NVARCHAR(100)
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @sSQL nvarchar(500);
SELECT @sSQL = N'SELECT * FROM' + QUOTENAME(@TableName);
EXEC sp_executesql @sSQL
END
您不能对变量使用表名。你必须这样做:
DECLARE @sqlCommand varchar(1000)
SET @sqlCommand = 'SELECT * from yourtable'
EXEC (@sqlCommand)
您需要动态生成 SQL 内容:
declare @tablename varchar(50)
set @tablename = 'test'
declare @sql varchar(500)
set @sql = 'select * from ' + @tablename
exec (@sql)
用于sp_executesql
执行任何 SQL,例如
DECLARE @tbl sysname,
@sql nvarchar(4000),
@params nvarchar(4000),
@count int
DECLARE tblcur CURSOR STATIC LOCAL FOR
SELECT object_name(id) FROM syscolumns WHERE name = 'LastUpdated'
ORDER BY 1
OPEN tblcur
WHILE 1 = 1
BEGIN
FETCH tblcur INTO @tbl
IF @@fetch_status <> 0
BREAK
SELECT @sql =
N' SELECT @cnt = COUNT(*) FROM dbo.' + quotename(@tbl) +
N' WHERE LastUpdated BETWEEN @fromdate AND ' +
N' coalesce(@todate, ''99991231'')'
SELECT @params = N'@fromdate datetime, ' +
N'@todate datetime = NULL, ' +
N'@cnt int OUTPUT'
EXEC sp_executesql @sql, @params, '20060101', @cnt = @count OUTPUT
PRINT @tbl + ': ' + convert(varchar(10), @count) + ' modified rows.'
END
DEALLOCATE tblcur
您需要使用 SQL Server 动态 SQL:
DECLARE @table NVARCHAR(128),
@sql NVARCHAR(MAX);
SET @table = N'tableName';
SET @sql = N'SELECT * FROM ' + @table;
使用EXEC执行任何 SQL:
EXEC (@sql)
使用EXEC sp_executesql执行任何 SQL:
EXEC sp_executesql @sql;
使用EXECUTE sp_executesql执行任何 SQL:
EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql
Declare @tablename varchar(50)
set @tablename = 'Your table Name'
EXEC('select * from ' + @tablename)
另外,你可以用这个...
DECLARE @SeqID varchar(150);
DECLARE @TableName varchar(150);
SET @TableName = (Select TableName from Table);
SET @SeqID = 'SELECT NEXT VALUE FOR ' + @TableName + '_Data'
exec (@SeqID)
Declare @fs_e int, @C_Tables CURSOR, @Table varchar(50)
SET @C_Tables = CURSOR FOR
select name from sysobjects where OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1 AND name like 'TR_%'
OPEN @C_Tables
FETCH @C_Tables INTO @Table
SELECT @fs_e = sdec.fetch_Status FROM sys.dm_exec_cursors(0) as sdec where sdec.name = '@C_Tables'
WHILE ( @fs_e <> -1)
BEGIN
exec('Select * from ' + @Table)
FETCH @C_Tables INTO @Table
SELECT @fs_e = sdec.fetch_Status FROM sys.dm_exec_cursors(0) as sdec where sdec.name = '@C_Tables'
END