我们有一个 .NET 程序集（实际上是 Aspose.Words），我们希望客户端可以轻松地从 COM 客户端使用它。
因此，我们将 .TLB 与程序集一起提供，这样客户就可以从 C++ 或 Delphi 等语言中使用它，而不必费心自己提取 .TLB。
我们还随程序集提供了一个 .IDL，以便客户可以查看它，如果他们想查看枚举值（例如，如果他们在 ASP 中编程）。
我希望 .TLB 和 .IDL 由构建脚本生成。我可以生成.TLB 没有问题。但我无法在命令行中生成 .IDL（或将 .TLB 转换为 .IDL 的替代方法）。我使用 OLEVIEW.EXE 手动执行此操作，这并不好。
听说 Delphi 的 TLIBIMP.EXE 听起来可以做到这一点，但它似乎并没有单独提供。
所以问题是：
上面的任何内容听起来很愚蠢？
如何使用命令行从 .NET 程序集中获取 .IDL。
谢谢。
我已经编写了这个快速而肮脏的 hack，用于从 TLB 中提取 IDL。它使用与 OLEVIEW.EXE 相同的（据我所知）COM 对象。
/*
Extract the IDL from a tlb file and print it to stdout.
The tlb file is analysed by a COM object of type CLSID_ITypeLibViewer and
the extracted IDL is shown in a window created by the same object.
This program extracts the IDL from that window.
Usually Microsoft's OLEViewer (a.k.a. OLE/COM Object Viewer) registers a
COM object of that CLSID_ITypeLibViewer (for example inside a dll called
IViewers.Dll), I've tested it with:
IVIEWERS.DLL "OLE/COM Object Interface Viewer" Version 6.0.6000.16384
This software is provided "as-is," without any express or implied warranty.
*/
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <Windows.h>
#include <atlbase.h>
#include <comdef.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <ctime>
const char IDL_window_name[] = "ITypeLib Viewer";
const IID IID_IInterfaceViewer = { 0xfc37e5ba, 0x4a8e, 0x11ce, { 0x87, 0x0b,
0x08, 0x00, 0x36, 0x8d, 0x23, 0x02 } };
const CLSID CLSID_ITypeLibViewer = { 0x57efbf49, 0x4a8b, 0x11ce, { 0x87, 0x0b,
0x08, 0x00, 0x36, 0x8d, 0x23, 0x02 } };
#define RICHEDIT_CONTROL_ID 0xE901 // found by Spy++
#define RICHEDIT_PARENT_ID 0xE900 // found by Spy++
#define CHECK(hr) if ( FAILED(hr) ) { std::wcerr << L"COM error: " << stringify_hr(hr) << L"\n"; return __LINE__; }
std::string myself;
std::string tlb;
// My installation of Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 has a sample folder where
// I can find the source of OleView:
// C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Samples\1033\VC2010Samples.zip
//
// Unzipping the file gives me the solution for Visual Studio 2010
// C++\MFC\ole\oleview\oleview.sln
//
// The following declaration comes from that sample.
// The sample has also the source for the CLSID_ITypeLibViewer object but
// unfortunately the method View is not implemented (the code in my sample says
// "Implement interface viewer UI here.").
DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IInterfaceViewer, IUnknown)
{
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface) (THIS_ REFIID riid, LPVOID FAR* ppvObj) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release) (THIS) PURE;
STDMETHOD(View) (HWND hwndParent, REFIID riid, LPUNKNOWN punk) PURE;
};
std::string replace_all( const char* txt, const std::string& old_s, const std::string& new_s );
std::string adapt( const char* txt );
std::string now();
std::wstring stringify_hr( HRESULT hr );
DWORD WINAPI scrape(LPVOID)
{
HWND hwnd = 0;
int guard = 100;
while( guard-- > 0 && (hwnd = ::FindWindowA(0,IDL_window_name)) == 0 ) {
::Sleep(100);
}
if ( guard <= 0 ) {
std::cerr << "No window found with name '" << IDL_window_name << "'\n";
return __LINE__;
}
guard = 100;
const size_t sz = 100*1024;
char text[sz];
do {
HWND parent_hwnd = ::GetDlgItem(hwnd,RICHEDIT_PARENT_ID);
if ( parent_hwnd == 0 ) {
::SendMessage(hwnd,WM_CLOSE,0,0);
std::cerr << "No parent with ID " << std::hex << "0x"
<< RICHEDIT_PARENT_ID << " found in window with name '"
<< IDL_window_name << "'\n";
return __LINE__;
}
HWND richedit_hwnd = ::GetDlgItem(parent_hwnd,RICHEDIT_CONTROL_ID);
if ( richedit_hwnd == 0 ) {
::SendMessage(hwnd,WM_CLOSE,0,0);
std::cerr << "No richedit with ID " << std::hex << "0x"
<< RICHEDIT_CONTROL_ID << " found in window with name '"
<< IDL_window_name << "'\n";
return __LINE__;
}
::GetWindowTextA(richedit_hwnd,text,sz);
::Sleep(100);
} while ( guard-- > 0 && strlen(text) == 0 );
if ( guard <= 0 ) {
::SendMessage(hwnd,WM_CLOSE,0,0);
std::cerr << "No IDL found in window with name '"
<< IDL_window_name << "'\n";
return __LINE__;
}
std::cout << "// IDL extracted from " << tlb << " by tlb2idl ("
<< myself << ") on " << now() << "\n" << adapt(text);
::SendMessage(hwnd,WM_CLOSE,0,0);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
myself = argv[0];
if ( argc <= 1 ) {
std::cerr << "\nPrint to stdout the IDL extracted from file.tlb\n\nUsage:\n"
<< myself << " file.tlb\n";
return __LINE__;
}
DWORD exit_code = 0;
CHECK( ::CoInitialize(0) );
{
CComPtr<ITypeLib> ptl;
tlb = argv[1];
CHECK( ::LoadTypeLib(std::wstring(tlb.begin(),tlb.end()).c_str(), &ptl) );
CComPtr<IInterfaceViewer> piv;
CHECK( ::CoCreateInstance( CLSID_ITypeLibViewer, NULL, CLSCTX_SERVER,
IID_IInterfaceViewer, (void**)&piv ) );
HANDLE th = ::CreateThread( 0, 0, scrape, 0, 0, 0 );
CHECK( piv->View(0,IID_ITypeLib,ptl) );
::WaitForSingleObject(th,1000);
::GetExitCodeThread(th,&exit_code);
}
::CoUninitialize();
return exit_code;
}
std::string replace_all( const char* txt, const std::string& old_s, const std::string& new_s )
{
std::string str(txt);
size_t start_pos = 0;
while((start_pos = str.find(old_s, start_pos)) != std::string::npos) {
str.replace(start_pos, old_s.length(), new_s);
start_pos += new_s.length();
}
return str;
}
std::string adapt( const char* txt )
{
std::string str( replace_all(txt,"\r\n","\n") );
return replace_all(str.c_str(),"\r","\n");
}
std::string now()
{
time_t szClock;
time( &szClock );
struct tm *newTime = localtime( &szClock );
return asctime( newTime );
}
std::wstring stringify_hr( HRESULT hr )
{
return _com_error(hr).ErrorMessage();
}
没关系，只修复nowvs 2012 的功能：
std::string now()
{
char buffer[32];
errno_t errNum;
_time32( &aclock );
_localtime32_s( &newtime, &aclock );
errNum = asctime_s(buffer, 32, &newtime);
return buffer;
}
必须确保您没有打开 OLEVIEW。
类型库足以让任何语言使用您的服务器。IDL 仅对生成您已经提供的类型库或生成 C++ 头文件（使用#import 指令更容易生成）有用。
如果您真的想这样做，这可能是一种方法，构建一个使用#import 的小型 C++ 程序，提供生成的 .tlh 文件。