10

我正在研究 Rails 模板,并试图编写一些代码,允许我在我指定的许多列中填充一个表或多列 ul 标签“从上到下”和“从左到右” . 我刚刚掌握了Ruby的窍门,所以我无法弄清楚。我也对这个有用的片段的惯用 Haskell 版本感到好奇。对 Clojure 版本的改进表示赞赏:

(defn table [xs & {:keys [cols direction]
                   :or   {cols 1 direction 'right}}]
  (into []
        (condp = direction
          'down (let [c (count xs)
                      q (int (/ c cols))
                      n (if (> (mod c q) 0) (inc q) q)]
                  (apply map vector (partition n n (repeat nil) xs)))
          'right (map vec (partition cols cols (repeat nil) xs))))) 

使用这段代码,我可以执行以下操作:

(table (range 10) :cols 3)

打印出来是这样的:

0    1    2 
3    4    5 
6    7    8
9

还有一个更棘手的:

(table (range 10) :cols 3 :direction 'down)

看起来像这样:

0    4    8    
1    5    9    
2    6        
3    7        
4

6 回答 6

4

我无法阅读 clojure 代码(我从未使用过该语言),但根据示例,这是我在 Ruby 中的操作方式。

def table array, cols, direction
   if direction==:down
      if array.size%cols != 0
         array[(array.size/cols+1)*cols-1]=nil
         #putting nil in the last space in the array
         #also fills all of the spaces before it
      end
      newarray=array.each_slice(array.size/cols).to_a
      table newarray.transpose.flatten(1), cols, :across
   elsif direction==:across
      array.each_slice(cols) do |row|
         puts row.join("  ")
      end
   else
      raise ArgumentError
   end
end
于 2010-05-12T15:19:18.090 回答
4

我可能会使用Data.List.Split来自 Hackage 的包在 Haskell 中编写类似的东西:

import Data.List       (intercalate, transpose)
import Data.List.Split (splitEvery)

data Direction = Horizontal | Vertical deriving (Eq, Read, Show)

table :: Direction -> Int -> [a] -> [[a]]
table Horizontal cols xs = splitEvery cols xs
table Vertical   cols xs = let (q,r) = length xs `divMod` cols
                               q'    = if r == 0 then q else q+1
                           in transpose $ table Horizontal q' xs

showTable :: Show a => [[a]] -> String
showTable = intercalate "\n" . map (intercalate "\t" . map show)

main :: IO ()
main = mapM_ putStrLn [ showTable $ table Horizontal 3 [0..9]
                      , "---"
                      , showTable $ table Vertical   3 [0..9] ]

其中一些,如Direction类型和transpose技巧,来自 jkramer 的回答。我不会在 Haskell 中对这样的东西使用关键字参数(它实际上没有这样的东西,但你可以使用 Edward Kmett 的回答中的记录来模拟它们),但我把这些参数放在首位,因为它对部分应用更有用( defaultTable = table Horizontal 1)。该splitEvery函数只是将列表分块为适当大小的列表;其余的代码应该很简单。该table函数返回一个列表列表;要获取字符串,该showTable函数会插入制表符和换行符。(该intercalate函数连接列表列表,将它们与给定列表分隔。它类似于 Perl/Python/Ruby 的join,仅用于列表而不是字符串。)

于 2010-05-12T17:56:42.887 回答
2

这是我在 Haskell 中快速破解的东西。我确信它有问题并且可以优化,但它是开始的:

import System.IO
import Data.List

data Direction = Horizontal | Vertical

main = do
    putStrLn $ table [1..9] 3 Horizontal
    putStrLn "---"
    putStrLn $ table [1..9] 3 Vertical


table xs ncol direction =
    case direction of
        Horizontal -> format (rows strings ncol)
        Vertical -> format (columns strings ncol)
    where
        format = intercalate "\n" . map (intercalate " ")

        strings = map show xs

        rows xs ncol =
            if length xs > ncol
                then take ncol xs : rows (drop ncol xs) ncol
                else [xs]

        columns xs = transpose . rows xs

输出:

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
---
1 4 7
2 5 8
3 6 9
于 2010-05-12T14:46:42.907 回答
2

我的红宝石解决方案

def table(values)
  elements = values[:elements]
  cols = values[:cols]
  rows = (elements.count / cols.to_f).ceil

  erg = []

  rows.times do |i|
    cols.times do |j|
      erg << elements[values[:direction] == 'down' ? i+(rows*j) : j+i*(rows-1)]
      if erg.length == cols
        yield erg
        erg = []
      end        
    end
  end
  yield erg
end

用法和输出:

table(:elements => [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], :cols => 3) do |h,i,j|
  puts h.to_s << " " << i.to_s << " " << j.to_s
end

puts "---"

table(:elements => [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], :cols => 3, :direction => "down") do |h,i,j|
  puts h.to_s << " " << i.to_s << " " << j.to_s
end

0 1 2
3 4 5
6 7 8
9  
---
0 4 8
1 5 9
2 6 
3 7 
于 2010-05-12T15:20:29.703 回答
2

切片和压缩提供了一个简单的 Ruby 解决方案:

 def table(range, cols, direction=:right)
   if direction == :right
     range.each_slice cols
   else
     columns = range.each_slice((range.to_a.length - 1) / cols + 1).to_a
     columns[0].zip *columns[1..-1]
   end
 end


 puts table(0..9, 3, :down).map { |line| line.join ' ' }
于 2011-06-28T13:18:26.123 回答
1
import Data.Array

stride :: Int -> Int -> Int
stride count cols = ceiling (fromIntegral count / fromIntegral cols)

type Direction = Int -> Int -> Int -> Int -> Int

right :: Direction
right count cols x y = y * cols + x

down :: Direction
down count cols x y = x * stride count cols + y

data Options = Options { cols :: Int, direction :: Direction }

options :: Options
options = Options 1 right

table :: Options -> [a] -> Array (Int,Int) (Maybe a)
table (Options cols dir) xs
    = listArray newRange (map f (range newRange))
    where count = length xs
          rows = stride count cols
          newRange = ((0,0),(rows-1,cols-1))
          f (y, x) 
              | ix < count = Just (xs !! ix)
              | otherwise = Nothing
              where ix = dir count cols x y

这为我们提供了原始查询的相当惯用的近似值,并带有可选参数:

*Main> table options { cols = 3 } [1..10]
listArray ((0,0),(3,2)) [Just 1, Just 2, Just 3
                        ,Just 4, Just 5, Just 6
                        ,Just 7, Just 8, Just 9
                        ,Just 10,Nothing,Nothing]

*Main> table options { direction = down, cols = 3 } [1..10]
listArray ((0,0),(3,2)) [Just 1,Just 5,Just 9
                        ,Just 2,Just 6,Just 10
                        ,Just 3,Just 7,Nothing
                        ,Just 4,Just 8,Nothing]

我将中间结果保留为数组形式,因为您曾表示他们计划将它们格式化为表格或 ul 标记。

于 2010-05-12T15:28:14.220 回答