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我正在移植一个 bash 脚本，该脚本使用 curl 并将代码中的有效负载发布到 URL 并且可以正常工作。基本问题是，使用 robobrowser，我在使用页面表单发布时遇到了麻烦。

浏览网站：

  • 登录到 /SubLogin.aspx
  • 成功登录重定向 /OptionsSummary.aspx
  • GET /FindMe.aspx 带参数
  • POST /FindMe.aspx 按钮“电话列表”（然后页面应加载“电话列表”表，其中包含“工作”项）
  • 选择“工作”项会执行到 /PhoneLists.aspx 的 POST（这应该会加载一个包含用户列表的“工作”表。

我已经能够成功地对站点进行身份验证并使用 RoboBrowser 和 Requests+bs4 执行 GET，但是我对 POST 回到页面本身感到困惑。

使用 RoboBrowser (liboncall.py)

#!/usr/bin/python

from robobrowser import RoboBrowser
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as BS

oc_mailbox = '123456'
oc_password_hashed = 'ABCDEFG'

base_uri = 'http://example.com'
auth_uri = oc_base_uri + '/SubLogin.aspx'
find_uri = oc_base_uri + '/FindMe.aspx'
phne_uri = oc_base_uri + '/PhoneLists.aspx'


p_auth_payload = {
        'SubLoginControl:javascriptTest': 'true',
        'SubLoginControl:mailbox': mailbox,
        'SubLoginControl:phoneNumber': '',
        'SubLoginControl:password': password_hashed,
        'SubLoginControl:btnLogOn': 'Logon',
        'SubLoginControl:webLanguage': 'en-US',
        'SubLoginControl:initialLanguage': 'en-US',
        'SubLoginControl:errorCallBackNumber': 'Entered telephone number contains non-dialable characters.',
        'SubLoginControl:cookieMailbox': 'mailbox',
        'SubLoginControl:cookieCallbackNumber': 'callbackNumber',
        'SubLoginControl:serverDomain': ''
        }

p_find_payload = {
        'FindMeControl:enableFindMe': 'on',
        'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:focusElement': '',
        'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:masterList:_ctl0:enabled': 'on',
        'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:masterList:_ctl0:itemGuid': '',
        'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidSelectedScheduleName': '',
        'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidbtnStatus': '',
        'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidScheduleXML': '',
        'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:tempScheduleXML': '',
        'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidSelectedScheduleGUID': '',
        'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidChangedScheduleList': '',
        'FindMeControl:btnPhoneLists': 'Phone Lists',
        'FindMeControl:enableFindMeHidden': '',
        'FindMeControl:applySet': 'false'
        }

p_phne_payload = {
        '__EVENTARGUMENT': '',
        '__EVENTTARGET': 'PhoneListsControl$MasterDataControl$masterList$_ctl0$SelectButton',
        'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:focusElement': '',
        'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:masterList:_ctl0:itemGuid': '',
        'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:hidSelectedScheduleName': '',
        'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:hidbtnStatus': '',
        'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:hidScheduleXML': '',
        'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:tempScheduleXML': '',
        'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:hidSelectedScheduleGUID': '',
        'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:hidChangedScheduleList': '',
        'PhoneListsControl:applySet': 'false'
        }


def auth(mailbox, password):
    browser = RoboBrowser(history=False)
    browser.open(oc_auth_uri)

    signin = browser.get_form(id='aspnetForm')
    signin['SubLoginControl:mailbox'].value = mailbox
    signin['SubLoginControl:password'].value = password
    signin['SubLoginControl:javascriptTest'].value = 'true'
    signin['SubLoginControl:btnLogOn'].value = 'Logon'
    signin['SubLoginControl:webLanguage'].value = 'en-US'
    signin['SubLoginControl:initialLanguage'].value = 'en-US'
    signin['SubLoginControl:errorCallBackNumber'].value = 'Entered+telephone+number+contains+non-dialable+characters.'
    signin['SubLoginControl:cookieMailbox'].value = 'mailbox'
    signin['SubLoginControl:cookieCallbackNumber'].value = 'callbackNumber'
    signin['SubLoginControl:serverDomain'].value = ''

    browser.submit_form(signin)
    return browser

登录网站并显示 URL 以验证我们在：

In [20]: from liboncall import *
In [21]: m = auth(oc_mailbox, oc_password_hashed)

In [22]: m.url
Out[22]: u'http://example.com/OptionsSummary.aspx'

打开“/FindMe.aspx”：

In [24]: m.open(find_uri)

In [25]: m.url
Out[25]: u'http://example.com/FindMe.aspx'

最初，“/FindMe.aspx”将加载一个表单和一个按钮“电话列表”，( FindMeControl:btnPhoneLists)。

In [26]: m.select('title')
Out[26]: [<title>Find Me</title>]

In [27]: form_find_a = m.get_form(action="FindMe.aspx")

In [28]: for i in form_find_a.keys():
    print(i)
    ....:
    __VIEWSTATE
    __EVENTVALIDATION
    FindMeControl:enableFindMe
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:focusElement
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:masterList:_ctl0:enabled
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:masterList:_ctl0:itemGuid
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnAdd
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnDelete
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnRename
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnCancel
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnEnter
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnUpdate
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidSelectedScheduleName
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidbtnStatus
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidScheduleXML
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:tempScheduleXML
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidSelectedScheduleGUID
    FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidChangedScheduleList
    FindMeControl:btnApply
    FindMeControl:btnSchedules
    FindMeControl:btnPhoneLists
    FindMeControl:enableFindMeHidden
    FindMeControl:applySet

删除不需要的表格字段，填写表格并提交：

In [29]: find_remove = (
'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnAdd',
'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnDelete',
'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnRename',
'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnCancel',
'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnEnter',
'FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:btnUpdate',
'FindMeControl:btnApply',
'FindMeControl:btnSchedules')

In [30]: for i in find_remove:
        form_find_a.fields.pop(i)

In [31]: form_find_a['FindMeControl:enableFindMe'].value = 'on'
form_find_a['FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:focusElement'].value = ''
form_find_a['FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:masterList:_ctl0:enabled'].value = 'on'
form_find_a['FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:masterList:_ctl0:itemGuid'].value = ''
form_find_a['FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidSelectedScheduleName'].value = ''
form_find_a['FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidbtnStatus'].value = ''
form_find_a['FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidScheduleXML'].value = ''
form_find_a['FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:tempScheduleXML'].value = ''
form_find_a['FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidSelectedScheduleGUID'].value = ''
form_find_a['FindMeControl:MasterDataControl:hidChangedScheduleList'].value = ''
form_find_a['FindMeControl:btnPhoneLists'].value = 'Phone Lists'
form_find_a['FindMeControl:enableFindMeHidden'].value = ''
form_find_a['FindMeControl:applySet'].value = 'false'
Out [31]: ...

In [32]: m.submit_form(form_find_a)

验证该页面已更新并具有列表项“工作”：

In [33]: m.parsed.find('title')
Out[33]: <title>Phone Lists</title>

In [34]: m.parsed.find('a', id='PhoneListsControl_MasterDataControl_masterList__ctl0_SelectButton')
Out[34]: <a class="linkButtonItem" href="javascript:__doPostBack('PhoneListsControl$MasterDataControl$masterList$_ctl0$SelectButton','')" id="PhoneListsControl_MasterDataControl_masterList__ctl0_SelectButton" onclick="javascript:onClick();">Work</a>

获取“PhoneLists.aspx”表单，删除不需要的字段，填写并提交。

In [35]: form_find_b = m.get_form(action='PhoneLists.aspx')

In [36]: phne_remove = (
    'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:btnAdd',
    'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:btnDelete',
    'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:btnRename',
    'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:btnCancel',
    'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:btnEnter',
    'PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:btnUpdate',
    'PhoneListsControl:btnApply',
    'PhoneListsControl:btnBack')

In [37]: for i in phne_remove:
            form_find_b.fields.pop(i)

In [38]: form_find_b['PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:focusElement'].value = ''             
form_find_b['PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:hidChangedScheduleList'].value = ''
form_find_b['PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:hidScheduleXML'].value = ''
form_find_b['PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:hidSelectedScheduleGUID'].value = ''
form_find_b['PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:hidSelectedScheduleName'].value = ''
form_find_b['PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:hidbtnStatus'].value = ''
form_find_b['PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:masterList:_ctl0:itemGuid'].value = ''
form_find_b['PhoneListsControl:MasterDataControl:tempScheduleXML'].value = ''
form_find_b['PhoneListsControl:applySet'].value = 'false'

In [39]: m.submit_form(form_find_b)

查看帖子以查看是否已加载用户列表。在这种情况下，它没有加载用户列表。

In [40]: m.parsed.findAll('div', id='PhoneListsControl_phoneListMembersText')
Out[41]: [<div class="displayText" id="PhoneListsControl_phoneListMembersText"></div>]

如果成功，上面将返回：

<div id="PhoneListsControl_phoneListMembersText" class="displayText" style="top: 315px; left: 281px;">&nbsp;&nbsp;Work&nbsp;&nbsp;</div>

连同表中的以下项目，( PhoneListsControl_phoneListDetail)：

<input name="PhoneListsControl:phoneListDetail:_ctl2:number" type="text" value="95551234567" maxlength="50" id="PhoneListsControl_phoneListDetail__ctl2_number" onkeyup="enableApplyButton('PhoneListsControl_')" style="width:140px;">
...
<input name="PhoneListsControl:phoneListDetail:_ctl3:number" type="text" value="95551236789" maxlength="50" id="PhoneListsControl_phoneListDetail__ctl2_number" onkeyup="enableApplyButton('PhoneListsControl_')" style="width:140px;">
...

在这次冒险中，我发现 Robobrowser 没有包含所有必需的表单数据，以使“PhoneLists.aspx”的帖子按预期工作，（'__EVENTTARGET':'PhoneListsControl$MasterDataControl$masterList$_ctl0$SelectButton'和__EVENTARGUMENT）。设置参数然后执行submit_form(form_find_b)也不会达到预期的结果。我想知道add_field()fromrobobrowser.forms.form是否可以工作，但我不明白如何正确使用它，（如果它完全按照我的意愿使用。例如，将 the__EVENTTARGET和__EVENTARGUMENThidden 输入字段添加到表单中）。

还有什么我遗漏的或者 RoboBrowser/Requests 不支持这种类型的帖子吗？表单是否需要 javascript 来执行，如此处提到的mechanize？

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1 回答 1

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解决了

经过多次谷歌搜索，重新发布在reddit上寻求帮助，然后随机绊倒这个RoboBrowser 问题，向我展示了如何正确使用 'fields.add_field()' 方法；问题已经解决了。

例如

b_e_arg = robobrowser.forms.fields.Input('\<input name="__EVENTARGUMENT" value="" \/\>')

b_e_target = robobrowser.forms.fields.Input('\<input name="__EVENTTARGET" value="PhoneListsControl$MasterDataControl$masterList$_ctl0$SelectButton" \/\>')

In [30]: form_find_b.add_field(b_e_target)
In [31]: form_find_b.add_field(b_e_arg)

使用这些值更新表单后，提交到“PhoneLists.aspx”的表单将按预期工作。

In [33]: m.submit_form(form_find_b)

In [34]: m.url
Out[34]: u'http://example/PhoneLists.aspx'

In [35]: m.parsed.findAll('div', id='PhoneListsControl_phoneListMembersText')
Out[35]: [<div class="displayText" id="PhoneListsControl_phoneListMembersText">  Work  </div>]

In [36]: m.parsed.findAll('input', id='PhoneListsControl_phoneListDetail__ctl2_number')
Out[36]: [<input id="PhoneListsControl_phoneListDetail__ctl2_number" maxlength="50" name="PhoneListsControl:phoneListDetail:_ctl2:number" onkeyup="enableApplyButton('PhoneListsControl_')" type="text" value="95551234567"/>]

我希望其他必须抓取 ASPX 站点的人会发现这很有用。祝大家黑客愉快！

于 2015-01-02T02:12:12.237 回答