如何在 python 脚本中运行剧本?在 python 中使用 ansible 模块相当于以下内容:
ansible -i hosts dbservers -m setup
ansible-playbook -i hosts -vvvv -k site.yml
我在http://docs.ansible.com/developing_api.html查看他们的文档,但他们的例子非常有限。
如何在 python 脚本中运行剧本?在 python 中使用 ansible 模块相当于以下内容:
ansible -i hosts dbservers -m setup
ansible-playbook -i hosts -vvvv -k site.yml
我在http://docs.ansible.com/developing_api.html查看他们的文档,但他们的例子非常有限。
弃用通知:这篇文章在 ansible 2 中不起作用。API 已更改。
这包含在“Python API”下的Ansible 文档中。
例如,ansible -i hosts dbservers -m setup
通过以下方式实现:
import ansible.runner
runner = ansible.runner.Runner(
module_name='setup',
module_args='',
pattern='dbservers',
)
dbservers_get_facts = runner.run()
__init__
Runner的方法中有一堆未记录的参数(来自ansible.runner
)。列出的inline 太多了,但我在这篇文章中包含了一些参数,作为对您具体寻找的猜测的猜测。
class Runner(object):
''' core API interface to ansible '''
# see bin/ansible for how this is used...
def __init__(self,
host_list=C.DEFAULT_HOST_LIST, # ex: /etc/ansible/hosts, legacy usage
module_path=None, # ex: /usr/share/ansible
module_name=C.DEFAULT_MODULE_NAME, # ex: copy
module_args=C.DEFAULT_MODULE_ARGS, # ex: "src=/tmp/a dest=/tmp/b"
...
pattern=C.DEFAULT_PATTERN, # which hosts? ex: 'all', 'acme.example.org'
remote_user=C.DEFAULT_REMOTE_USER, # ex: 'username'
remote_pass=C.DEFAULT_REMOTE_PASS, # ex: 'password123' or None if using key
remote_port=None, # if SSH on different ports
private_key_file=C.DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, # if not using keys/passwords
sudo_pass=C.DEFAULT_SUDO_PASS, # ex: 'password123' or None
...
sudo=False, # whether to run sudo or not
sudo_user=C.DEFAULT_SUDO_USER, # ex: 'root'
module_vars=None, # a playbooks internals thing
play_vars=None, #
play_file_vars=None, #
role_vars=None, #
role_params=None, #
default_vars=None, #
extra_vars=None, # extra vars specified with he playbook(s)
is_playbook=False, # running from playbook or not?
inventory=None, # reference to Inventory object
...
su=False, # Are we running our command via su?
su_user=None, # User to su to when running command, ex: 'root'
su_pass=C.DEFAULT_SU_PASS,
vault_pass=None,
...
):
例如,上面指定 sudo 用户和 pass 的命令将是:
runner = ansible.runner.Runner(
module_name='setup',
module_args='',
pattern='dbservers',
remote_user='some_user'
remote_pass='some_pass_or_python_expression_that_returns_a_string'
)
对于剧本,请查看playbook.PlayBook,它采用一组类似的初始化程序:
class PlayBook(object):
'''
runs an ansible playbook, given as a datastructure or YAML filename.
...
'''
# *****************************************************
def __init__(self,
playbook = None,
host_list = C.DEFAULT_HOST_LIST,
module_path = None,
....
并且可以使用该.run()
方法执行。例如:
from ansible.playbook import PlayBook
pb = PlayBook(playbook='/path/to/book.yml, --other initializers--)
pb.run()
更健壮的用法可以在ansible-playbook
文件中找到。
据我所知,将 playbook 转换为 Python 模块会涉及更多内容,但上面列出的文档应该可以帮助您,您可以重用 Ansible 中内置的 YAML 解析器将 playbook 转换为变量。
只是一个适用于 2.8.3 的快速代码更新,
from ansible import context
from ansible.cli import CLI
from ansible.module_utils.common.collections import ImmutableDict
from ansible.executor.playbook_executor import PlaybookExecutor
from ansible.parsing.dataloader import DataLoader
from ansible.inventory.manager import InventoryManager
from ansible.vars.manager import VariableManager
loader = DataLoader()
context.CLIARGS = ImmutableDict(tags={}, listtags=False, listtasks=False, listhosts=False, syntax=False, connection='ssh',
module_path=None, forks=100, remote_user='xxx', private_key_file=None,
ssh_common_args=None, ssh_extra_args=None, sftp_extra_args=None, scp_extra_args=None, become=True,
become_method='sudo', become_user='root', verbosity=True, check=False, start_at_task=None)
inventory = InventoryManager(loader=loader, sources=('/xxx/inventory_file',))
variable_manager = VariableManager(loader=loader, inventory=inventory, version_info=CLI.version_info(gitinfo=False))
pbex = PlaybookExecutor(playbooks=['/xxx/playbook.yml'], inventory=inventory, variable_manager=variable_manager, loader=loader, passwords={})
results = pbex.run()
我已经回答了这个问题在这里 发布这个因为社区不鼓励发布链接。希望能帮助到你。
文档出奇地缺乏,您必须从这里开始
话虽如此,这是我一起编写的一个快速脚本,它可以运行一个剧本。
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
from collections import namedtuple
from ansible.parsing.dataloader import DataLoader
from ansible.vars.manager import VariableManager
from ansible.inventory.manager import Inventory
from ansible.executor.playbook_executor import PlaybookExecutor
loader = DataLoader()
inventory = Inventory(loader=loader, sources='/home/slotlocker/hosts2')
variable_manager = VariableManager(loader=loader, inventory=inventory)
playbook_path = '/home/slotlocker/ls.yml'
if not os.path.exists(playbook_path):
print '[INFO] The playbook does not exist'
sys.exit()
Options = namedtuple('Options', ['listtags', 'listtasks', 'listhosts', 'syntax', 'connection','module_path', 'forks', 'remote_user', 'private_key_file', 'ssh_common_args', 'ssh_extra_args', 'sftp_extra_args', 'scp_extra_args', 'become', 'become_method', 'become_user', 'verbosity', 'check','diff'])
options = Options(listtags=False, listtasks=False, listhosts=False, syntax=False, connection='ssh', module_path=None, forks=100, remote_user='slotlocker', private_key_file=None, ssh_common_args=None, ssh_extra_args=None, sftp_extra_args=None, scp_extra_args=None, become=True, become_method='sudo', become_user='root', verbosity=None, check=False, diff=False)
variable_manager.extra_vars = {'hosts': 'mywebserver'} # This can accomodate various other command line arguments.`
passwords = {}
pbex = PlaybookExecutor(playbooks=[playbook_path], inventory=inventory, variable_manager=variable_manager, loader=loader, options=options, passwords=passwords)
results = pbex.run()
根据vigilander的回答,我冒昧地将 pkg 上传到 pypi,现在您可以使用这个简单的 ansible 跑步者:
只需 pip install ansible-playbook-runner并运行:
from ansible_playbook_runner import Runner
Runner(['inventory_path'], 'playbook_path').run()
Ansible 提供了ansible-runner
Python 包(PyPI、GitHub),可用于此目的。
文档中的用法示例:
import ansible_runner
r = ansible_runner.run(private_data_dir='/tmp/demo', playbook='test.yml')
print("{}: {}".format(r.status, r.rc))
# successful: 0
for each_host_event in r.events:
print(each_host_event['event'])
print("Final status:")
print(r.stats)
您正在查看没有官方支持或推荐的内容,因此需要的文档很少。
也就是说,如果您真的想学习该课程,我将从在 bin 中打开 ansible-playbook 脚本并逆向工程您想要做的事情开始。